essay on social media influencer

Feb 15, 2023

6 Example Essays on Social Media | Advantages, Effects, and Outlines

Got an essay assignment about the effects of social media we got you covered check out our examples and outlines below.

Social media has become one of our society's most prominent ways of communication and information sharing in a very short time. It has changed how we communicate and has given us a platform to express our views and opinions and connect with others. It keeps us informed about the world around us. Social media platforms such as Facebook, Twitter, Instagram, and LinkedIn have brought individuals from all over the world together, breaking down geographical borders and fostering a genuinely global community.

However, social media comes with its difficulties. With the rise of misinformation, cyberbullying, and privacy problems, it's critical to utilize these platforms properly and be aware of the risks. Students in the academic world are frequently assigned essays about the impact of social media on numerous elements of our lives, such as relationships, politics, and culture. These essays necessitate a thorough comprehension of the subject matter, critical thinking, and the ability to synthesize and convey information clearly and succinctly.

But where do you begin? It can be challenging to know where to start with so much information available. Jenni.ai comes in handy here. Jenni.ai is an AI application built exclusively for students to help them write essays more quickly and easily. Jenni.ai provides students with inspiration and assistance on how to approach their essays with its enormous database of sample essays on a variety of themes, including social media. Jenni.ai is the solution you've been looking for if you're experiencing writer's block or need assistance getting started.

So, whether you're a student looking to better your essay writing skills or want to remain up to date on the latest social media advancements, Jenni.ai is here to help. Jenni.ai is the ideal tool for helping you write your finest essay ever, thanks to its simple design, an extensive database of example essays, and cutting-edge AI technology. So, why delay? Sign up for a free trial of Jenni.ai today and begin exploring the worlds of social networking and essay writing!

Want to learn how to write an argumentative essay? Check out these inspiring examples!

We will provide various examples of social media essays so you may get a feel for the genre.

6 Examples of Social Media Essays

Here are 6 examples of Social Media Essays:

The Impact of Social Media on Relationships and Communication

Introduction:.

The way we share information and build relationships has evolved as a direct result of the prevalence of social media in our daily lives. The influence of social media on interpersonal connections and conversation is a hot topic. Although social media has many positive effects, such as bringing people together regardless of physical proximity and making communication quicker and more accessible, it also has a dark side that can affect interpersonal connections and dialogue.

Positive Effects:

Connecting People Across Distances

One of social media's most significant benefits is its ability to connect individuals across long distances. People can use social media platforms to interact and stay in touch with friends and family far away. People can now maintain intimate relationships with those they care about, even when physically separated.

Improved Communication Speed and Efficiency

Additionally, the proliferation of social media sites has accelerated and simplified communication. Thanks to instant messaging, users can have short, timely conversations rather than lengthy ones via email. Furthermore, social media facilitates group communication, such as with classmates or employees, by providing a unified forum for such activities.

Negative Effects:

Decreased Face-to-Face Communication

The decline in in-person interaction is one of social media's most pernicious consequences on interpersonal connections and dialogue. People's reliance on digital communication over in-person contact has increased along with the popularity of social media. Face-to-face interaction has suffered as a result, which has adverse effects on interpersonal relationships and the development of social skills.

Decreased Emotional Intimacy

Another adverse effect of social media on relationships and communication is decreased emotional intimacy. Digital communication lacks the nonverbal cues and facial expressions critical in building emotional connections with others. This can make it more difficult for people to develop close and meaningful relationships, leading to increased loneliness and isolation.

Increased Conflict and Miscommunication

Finally, social media can also lead to increased conflict and miscommunication. The anonymity and distance provided by digital communication can lead to misunderstandings and hurtful comments that might not have been made face-to-face. Additionally, social media can provide a platform for cyberbullying , which can have severe consequences for the victim's mental health and well-being.

Conclusion:

In conclusion, the impact of social media on relationships and communication is a complex issue with both positive and negative effects. While social media platforms offer many benefits, such as connecting people across distances and enabling faster and more accessible communication, they also have a dark side that can negatively affect relationships and communication. It is up to individuals to use social media responsibly and to prioritize in-person communication in their relationships and interactions with others.

The Role of Social Media in the Spread of Misinformation and Fake News

Social media has revolutionized the way information is shared and disseminated. However, the ease and speed at which data can be spread on social media also make it a powerful tool for spreading misinformation and fake news. Misinformation and fake news can seriously affect public opinion, influence political decisions, and even cause harm to individuals and communities.

The Pervasiveness of Misinformation and Fake News on Social Media

Misinformation and fake news are prevalent on social media platforms, where they can spread quickly and reach a large audience. This is partly due to the way social media algorithms work, which prioritizes content likely to generate engagement, such as sensational or controversial stories. As a result, false information can spread rapidly and be widely shared before it is fact-checked or debunked.

The Influence of Social Media on Public Opinion

Social media can significantly impact public opinion, as people are likelier to believe the information they see shared by their friends and followers. This can lead to a self-reinforcing cycle, where misinformation and fake news are spread and reinforced, even in the face of evidence to the contrary.

The Challenge of Correcting Misinformation and Fake News

Correcting misinformation and fake news on social media can be a challenging task. This is partly due to the speed at which false information can spread and the difficulty of reaching the same audience exposed to the wrong information in the first place. Additionally, some individuals may be resistant to accepting correction, primarily if the incorrect information supports their beliefs or biases.

In conclusion, the function of social media in disseminating misinformation and fake news is complex and urgent. While social media has revolutionized the sharing of information, it has also made it simpler for false information to propagate and be widely believed. Individuals must be accountable for the information they share and consume, and social media firms must take measures to prevent the spread of disinformation and fake news on their platforms.

The Effects of Social Media on Mental Health and Well-Being

Social media has become an integral part of modern life, with billions of people around the world using platforms like Facebook, Instagram, and Twitter to stay connected with others and access information. However, while social media has many benefits, it can also negatively affect mental health and well-being.

Comparison and Low Self-Esteem

One of the key ways that social media can affect mental health is by promoting feelings of comparison and low self-esteem. People often present a curated version of their lives on social media, highlighting their successes and hiding their struggles. This can lead others to compare themselves unfavorably, leading to feelings of inadequacy and low self-esteem.

Cyberbullying and Online Harassment

Another way that social media can negatively impact mental health is through cyberbullying and online harassment. Social media provides a platform for anonymous individuals to harass and abuse others, leading to feelings of anxiety, fear, and depression.

Social Isolation

Despite its name, social media can also contribute to feelings of isolation. At the same time, people may have many online friends but need more meaningful in-person connections and support. This can lead to feelings of loneliness and depression.

Addiction and Overuse

Finally, social media can be addictive, leading to overuse and negatively impacting mental health and well-being. People may spend hours each day scrolling through their feeds, neglecting other important areas of their lives, such as work, family, and self-care.

In sum, social media has positive and negative consequences on one's psychological and emotional well-being. Realizing this, and taking measures like reducing one's social media use, reaching out to loved ones for help, and prioritizing one's well-being, are crucial. In addition, it's vital that social media giants take ownership of their platforms and actively encourage excellent mental health and well-being.

The Use of Social Media in Political Activism and Social Movements

Social media has recently become increasingly crucial in political action and social movements. Platforms such as Twitter, Facebook, and Instagram have given people new ways to express themselves, organize protests, and raise awareness about social and political issues.

Raising Awareness and Mobilizing Action

One of the most important uses of social media in political activity and social movements has been to raise awareness about important issues and mobilize action. Hashtags such as #MeToo and #BlackLivesMatter, for example, have brought attention to sexual harassment and racial injustice, respectively. Similarly, social media has been used to organize protests and other political actions, allowing people to band together and express themselves on a bigger scale.

Connecting with like-minded individuals

A second method in that social media has been utilized in political activity and social movements is to unite like-minded individuals. Through social media, individuals can join online groups, share knowledge and resources, and work with others to accomplish shared objectives. This has been especially significant for geographically scattered individuals or those without access to traditional means of political organizing.

Challenges and Limitations

As a vehicle for political action and social movements, social media has faced many obstacles and restrictions despite its many advantages. For instance, the propagation of misinformation and fake news on social media can impede attempts to disseminate accurate and reliable information. In addition, social media corporations have been condemned for censorship and insufficient protection of user rights.

In conclusion, social media has emerged as a potent instrument for political activism and social movements, giving voice to previously unheard communities and galvanizing support for change. Social media presents many opportunities for communication and collaboration. Still, users and institutions must be conscious of the risks and limitations of these tools to promote their responsible and productive usage.

The Potential Privacy Concerns Raised by Social Media Use and Data Collection Practices

With billions of users each day on sites like Facebook, Twitter, and Instagram, social media has ingrained itself into every aspect of our lives. While these platforms offer a straightforward method to communicate with others and exchange information, they also raise significant concerns over data collecting and privacy. This article will examine the possible privacy issues posed by social media use and data-gathering techniques.

Data Collection and Sharing

The gathering and sharing of personal data are significant privacy issues brought up by social media use. Social networking sites gather user data, including details about their relationships, hobbies, and routines. This information is made available to third-party businesses for various uses, such as marketing and advertising. This can lead to serious concerns about who has access to and uses our personal information.

Lack of Control Over Personal Information

The absence of user control over personal information is a significant privacy issue brought up by social media usage. Social media makes it challenging to limit who has access to and how data is utilized once it has been posted. Sensitive information may end up being extensively disseminated and may be used maliciously as a result.

Personalized Marketing

Social media companies utilize the information they gather about users to target them with adverts relevant to their interests and usage patterns. Although this could be useful, it might also cause consumers to worry about their privacy since they might feel that their personal information is being used without their permission. Furthermore, there are issues with the integrity of the data being used to target users and the possibility of prejudice based on individual traits.

Government Surveillance

Using social media might spark worries about government surveillance. There are significant concerns regarding privacy and free expression when governments in some nations utilize social media platforms to follow and monitor residents.

In conclusion, social media use raises significant concerns regarding data collecting and privacy. While these platforms make it easy to interact with people and exchange information, they also gather a lot of personal information, which raises questions about who may access it and how it will be used. Users should be aware of these privacy issues and take precautions to safeguard their personal information, such as exercising caution when choosing what details to disclose on social media and keeping their information sharing with other firms to a minimum.

The Ethical and Privacy Concerns Surrounding Social Media Use And Data Collection

Our use of social media to communicate with loved ones, acquire information, and even conduct business has become a crucial part of our everyday lives. The extensive use of social media does, however, raise some ethical and privacy issues that must be resolved. The influence of social media use and data collecting on user rights, the accountability of social media businesses, and the need for improved regulation are all topics that will be covered in this article.

Effect on Individual Privacy:

Social networking sites gather tons of personal data from their users, including delicate information like search history, location data, and even health data. Each user's detailed profile may be created with this data and sold to advertising or used for other reasons. Concerns regarding the privacy of personal information might arise because social media businesses can use this data to target users with customized adverts.

Additionally, individuals might need to know how much their personal information is being gathered and exploited. Data breaches or the unauthorized sharing of personal information with other parties may result in instances where sensitive information is exposed. Users should be aware of the privacy rules of social media firms and take precautions to secure their data.

Responsibility of Social Media Companies:

Social media firms should ensure that they responsibly and ethically gather and use user information. This entails establishing strong security measures to safeguard sensitive information and ensuring users are informed of what information is being collected and how it is used.

Many social media businesses, nevertheless, have come under fire for not upholding these obligations. For instance, the Cambridge Analytica incident highlighted how Facebook users' personal information was exploited for political objectives without their knowledge. This demonstrates the necessity of social media corporations being held responsible for their deeds and ensuring that they are safeguarding the security and privacy of their users.

Better Regulation Is Needed

There is a need for tighter regulation in this field, given the effect, social media has on individual privacy as well as the obligations of social media firms. The creation of laws and regulations that ensure social media companies are gathering and using user information ethically and responsibly, as well as making sure users are aware of their rights and have the ability to control the information that is being collected about them, are all part of this.

Additionally, legislation should ensure that social media businesses are held responsible for their behavior, for example, by levying fines for data breaches or the unauthorized use of personal data. This will provide social media businesses with a significant incentive to prioritize their users' privacy and security and ensure they are upholding their obligations.

In conclusion, social media has fundamentally changed how we engage and communicate with one another, but this increased convenience also raises several ethical and privacy issues. Essential concerns that need to be addressed include the effect of social media on individual privacy, the accountability of social media businesses, and the requirement for greater regulation to safeguard user rights. We can make everyone's online experience safer and more secure by looking more closely at these issues.

In conclusion, social media is a complex and multifaceted topic that has recently captured the world's attention. With its ever-growing influence on our lives, it's no surprise that it has become a popular subject for students to explore in their writing. Whether you are writing an argumentative essay on the impact of social media on privacy, a persuasive essay on the role of social media in politics, or a descriptive essay on the changes social media has brought to the way we communicate, there are countless angles to approach this subject.

However, writing a comprehensive and well-researched essay on social media can be daunting. It requires a thorough understanding of the topic and the ability to articulate your ideas clearly and concisely. This is where Jenni.ai comes in. Our AI-powered tool is designed to help students like you save time and energy and focus on what truly matters - your education. With Jenni.ai , you'll have access to a wealth of examples and receive personalized writing suggestions and feedback.

Whether you're a student who's just starting your writing journey or looking to perfect your craft, Jenni.ai has everything you need to succeed. Our tool provides you with the necessary resources to write with confidence and clarity, no matter your experience level. You'll be able to experiment with different styles, explore new ideas , and refine your writing skills.

So why waste your time and energy struggling to write an essay on your own when you can have Jenni.ai by your side? Sign up for our free trial today and experience the difference for yourself! With Jenni.ai, you'll have the resources you need to write confidently, clearly, and creatively. Get started today and see just how easy and efficient writing can be!

Start Writing With Jenni Today

Sign up for a free Jenni AI account today. Unlock your research potential and experience the difference for yourself. Your journey to academic excellence starts here.

Your cart is empty

New Year Special Sale! Get your Influencer Kit now for only $27

Penning Influence: Essays On Social Media Influencers

Step into the world of social media influencers, where influence is the currency and content is king. In the era of digital communication, these modern-day tastemakers hold immense power over their followers. From fashion and beauty to fitness and lifestyle, influencers have become the go-to source for inspiration and information. In this collection of essays titled “Penning Influence: Essays on Social Media Influencers,” we delve into the captivating world of these online personalities, exploring their impact, strategies, and the ever-evolving landscape of influencer marketing.

The essays in this collection offer a unique and insightful perspective on the phenomenon of social media influencers. Through in-depth analysis and thought-provoking discussions, we aim to uncover the secrets behind their success and examine the implications of their pervasive presence in our lives. From the art of crafting relatable content to the ethics of sponsored partnerships, these essays explore the multifaceted nature of influencer culture. Whether you’re a curious onlooker or an aspiring influencer yourself, “Penning Influence” is your ticket to understanding the fascinating world of social media influencers. So, buckle up and get ready for a deep dive into the captivating realm of online influence.

Penning Influence: Essays on Social Media Influencers

Discover the power and impact of social media influencers with “Penning Influence: Essays on Social Media Influencers.” This collection of essays delves into the world of influential individuals on platforms like Instagram, YouTube, and TikTok. Explore the strategies, trends, and ethical considerations surrounding influencer marketing. Gain insights into how influencers shape consumer behavior and the effects of their digital presence. With thought-provoking analysis and case studies, this book is a must-read for anyone interested in the ever-evolving landscape of social media influence.

The Rise of Social Media Influencers

Social media influencers have become increasingly prominent in recent years, wielding significant influence over their followers. These individuals have leveraged the power of platforms like Instagram, YouTube, and TikTok to amass large followings and establish themselves as authorities in various niches. With their engaging content and relatable personalities, influencers have become key players in the digital landscape. Their impact extends beyond just promoting products and services, as they also shape trends, spark conversations, and even drive societal change.

The Power of Authenticity

One of the defining characteristics of successful social media influencers is their authenticity. Unlike traditional celebrities, influencers often share their personal lives, struggles, and triumphs with their followers. This transparency creates a sense of relatability, allowing followers to connect with influencers on a deeper level. By showcasing their true selves, influencers build trust and credibility, making their recommendations and endorsements more persuasive. Authenticity is the backbone of influencer marketing, and it is this genuine connection that keeps audiences engaged and coming back for more.

The Influencer Economy

The rise of social media influencers has also given birth to a thriving influencer economy. Brands are now allocating significant portions of their marketing budgets to collaborate with influencers, recognizing the value they bring in terms of reach and engagement. Influencers monetize their platforms through brand partnerships, sponsored content, affiliate marketing, and even their own product lines. This has opened up new career opportunities for individuals who have cultivated a loyal following and have the ability to effectively communicate with their audience.

The Impact of Influencer Marketing

Influencer marketing has revolutionized the way brands connect with consumers. Traditional advertising methods are often met with skepticism and are easily ignored, but influencer recommendations feel more like personal endorsements from a trusted friend. This has led to higher conversion rates and increased brand loyalty. Additionally, influencers have the power to introduce niche products and services to a wider audience, helping small businesses gain exposure and grow their customer base.

Authenticity vs. Oversaturation

While authenticity is crucial in influencer marketing, the industry has also faced challenges in recent years due to oversaturation. As more individuals aspire to become influencers, the market has become crowded, making it harder to stand out. Some influencers resort to purchasing fake followers or engagement, compromising their credibility. However, discerning audiences can often spot inauthentic behavior and are quick to disengage. Brands and influencers alike must prioritize maintaining transparency and authenticity to ensure long-term success.

Building Genuine Connections

Successful influencer marketing campaigns go beyond a simple transactional relationship between brands and influencers. The most effective collaborations are built on shared values and goals. Brands should carefully select influencers who align with their brand identity and appeal to their target audience. By fostering genuine connections, brands can ensure that their messaging resonates with consumers and drives meaningful engagement.

The Future of Influencer Culture

As social media continues to evolve, so does the influencer landscape. New platforms are emerging, and existing ones are constantly changing their algorithms and features. To stay relevant, influencers must adapt and embrace these developments. Additionally, as the industry matures, there is a growing emphasis on responsible and ethical practices. Influencers are increasingly being held accountable for the content they promote, and audiences are demanding transparency and authenticity.

Navigating the Changing Landscape

To navigate the ever-changing influencer culture, influencers must stay true to their values and maintain a strong connection with their audience. Building a personal brand that stands the test of time requires consistent quality content, engagement with followers, and a willingness to evolve. As the industry becomes more regulated and competitive, influencers who can demonstrate their expertise and provide unique perspectives will continue to thrive.

The Role of Regulation

With the rapid growth of influencer marketing, regulatory bodies are beginning to take notice. Guidelines and regulations surrounding sponsored content and disclosure are being implemented to protect consumers from misleading advertising. Influencers must familiarize themselves with these regulations and ensure compliance to maintain their credibility and avoid legal issues. Responsible practices will contribute to the continued growth and legitimacy of the influencer industry.

The Power of Penning Influence

“Penning Influence: Essays on Social Media Influencers” delves deep into the world of social media influencers, exploring their impact on society, the economy, and marketing strategies. It provides valuable insights into the strategies and techniques that have made influencers successful, as well as the challenges they face in an ever-evolving digital landscape. This collection of essays serves as a comprehensive guide for marketers, influencers, and anyone interested in understanding the power and potential of social media influencer culture.

Unlocking the Secrets of Success

“Penning Influence: Essays on Social Media Influencers” uncovers the secrets behind successful influencer marketing campaigns. It sheds light on the importance of authenticity, genuine connections, and responsible practices. By studying the experiences and strategies of influential individuals, readers can gain valuable knowledge and apply it to their own influencer journeys or brand collaborations.

A Must-Read for Industry Professionals

Whether you are a marketer, influencer, or business owner, “Penning Influence: Essays on Social Media Influencers” is a must-read. It provides a comprehensive overview of the influencer landscape, offering valuable insights and practical advice for navigating the ever-changing digital world. By understanding the power of penning influence, readers can harness the potential of social media influencers to drive engagement, build brand awareness, and ultimately achieve success in the digital age.

Stay Ahead of the Curve

In an era dominated by social media, understanding the influence of influencers is essential. “Penning Influence: Essays on Social Media Influencers” equips readers with the knowledge and strategies needed to stay ahead of the curve. By staying informed about the latest trends, regulations, and best practices, individuals and businesses can harness the power of social media influencers to create meaningful connections, drive growth, and thrive in the ever-evolving digital landscape.

In conclusion, “Penning Influence: Essays on Social Media Influencers” provides a comprehensive exploration of the world of social media influencers. It highlights the power of authenticity, the impact of influencer marketing, and the challenges faced by influencers in an ever-changing landscape. By understanding the strategies and techniques employed by successful influencers, readers can unlock the secrets to their own influencer journeys or leverage influencer partnerships to drive growth and achieve success in the digital age. “Penning Influence” is a must-read for industry professionals, offering valuable insights and practical advice for navigating the dynamic world of social media influencers.

Key Takeaways: Penning Influence – Essays on Social Media Influencers

• Understanding the power of social media influencers and their impact on society.
• Exploring the techniques used by influencers to engage and influence their followers.
• Analyzing the ethical considerations surrounding influencer marketing and sponsored content.
• Examining the effects of social media influencers on consumer behavior and purchasing decisions.
• Reflecting on the potential influence of social media influencers on mental health and self-esteem.

Frequently Asked Questions

1. how do social media influencers gain influence.

Social media influencers gain influence by consistently creating and sharing high-quality content that resonates with their target audience. They often specialize in a specific niche or topic and build a loyal following through their expertise, authenticity, and relatability. By consistently engaging with their followers, collaborating with other influencers, and leveraging social media algorithms, influencers can grow their influence over time.

In addition to content creation, influencers also focus on building their personal brand and establishing themselves as thought leaders in their industry. They invest time in developing their online presence, optimizing their profiles, and cultivating relationships with their followers. By consistently providing value and building trust, influencers can attract a larger audience and increase their influence.

2. How do social media influencers monetize their influence?

Social media influencers monetize their influence through various methods, including brand partnerships, sponsored content, affiliate marketing, and product collaborations. Brand partnerships involve influencers collaborating with brands to promote their products or services in exchange for compensation. This can involve creating sponsored posts, videos, or stories that align with the influencer’s personal brand and resonate with their audience.

Affiliate marketing is another popular monetization method, where influencers earn a commission for promoting products or services and driving sales through their unique affiliate links. Many influencers also create their own products or merchandise, leveraging their influence and audience to generate sales. Additionally, influencers can earn income through speaking engagements, sponsored events, and brand ambassadorships.

3. What are the benefits of working with social media influencers?

Working with social media influencers can provide numerous benefits for brands. Firstly, influencers have a dedicated and engaged audience that trusts their recommendations and opinions. By partnering with an influencer, brands can tap into this existing trust and leverage it to increase brand awareness, reach new audiences, and drive sales.

Influencers also bring a fresh and authentic perspective to brand collaborations, as they have a deep understanding of their audience and how to effectively communicate with them. They can help brands create content that resonates with their target demographic and establish a genuine connection with consumers.

4. How do social media influencers maintain authenticity?

Maintaining authenticity is crucial for social media influencers to maintain their influence and credibility. One way influencers do this is by only partnering with brands and promoting products that align with their personal values and interests. They carefully select collaborations that are a natural fit for their brand and audience, ensuring that their recommendations come across as genuine.

Influencers also prioritize transparency and disclosure when working with brands. They clearly communicate when content is sponsored or when they receive compensation for their recommendations, ensuring their audience is aware of any potential biases. This transparency helps to build trust and maintain authenticity with their followers.

5. How can individuals become social media influencers?

Becoming a social media influencer requires dedication, consistency, and a strategic approach. Here are a few steps to get started:

1. Choose a niche: Determine your area of expertise or interest that you’ll focus on and build your content around.

2. Create compelling content: Develop a content strategy and consistently create high-quality, engaging content that resonates with your target audience.

3. Build an online presence: Establish a strong presence on social media platforms relevant to your niche. Optimize your profiles, engage with your audience, and collaborate with other influencers to expand your reach.

4. Engage with your audience: Respond to comments, messages, and feedback from your followers. Build relationships and create a sense of community around your content.

5. Collaborate and network: Collaborate with other influencers, participate in industry events, and network with brands and professionals in your niche to expand your opportunities and reach.

Remember, becoming a successful influencer takes time and effort. Stay consistent, authentic, and always focus on providing value to your audience.

Do Social Media Influencers actually affect consumers?

Final Summary: Unleashing the Power of Social Media Influencers

As we conclude our exploration of social media influencers, it becomes clear that these individuals hold immense power in shaping online narratives and consumer behavior. Through their engaging content, relatable personalities, and strategic partnerships, influencers have become key players in the digital world. By leveraging their influence, they have the ability to sway opinions, drive trends, and even impact purchasing decisions.

One of the key takeaways from this collection of essays is the importance of authenticity in influencer marketing. Audiences are becoming increasingly discerning and can easily spot inauthentic endorsements. To truly connect with their followers, influencers must remain genuine, transparent, and aligned with their personal brand. By doing so, they establish trust and credibility, fostering long-term relationships with their audience.

Another crucial aspect highlighted in these essays is the power of collaboration. Influencers who forge partnerships with brands that align with their values and resonate with their audience create a win-win situation. By carefully selecting brand collaborations, influencers can maintain their authenticity while also monetizing their platforms. This symbiotic relationship allows brands to tap into the influencer’s engaged following, while influencers gain financial support and access to new opportunities.

In conclusion, social media influencers have revolutionized the way we consume content and make purchasing decisions. Their ability to captivate audiences, embody authenticity, and collaborate with brands has created a powerful force in the digital landscape. As influencers continue to evolve and adapt to the ever-changing social media landscape, they will undoubtedly remain a driving force in shaping online culture and commerce. So, whether you’re an aspiring influencer or a brand looking to tap into this influential realm, understanding the dynamics of social media influencers is crucial for success in the digital age.

Subscribe to our emails

Be the first to know about new collections and exclusive offers.

• Choosing a selection results in a full page refresh.
• Opens in a new window.

Writing a Social Media Essay: Tips and Examples

In an era where a single tweet can spark a global conversation and an Instagram post can redefine trends, it's fascinating to note that the average person spends approximately 2 hours and 31 minutes per day on social media platforms. That's more than 900 hours a year devoted to scrolling, liking, and sharing in the vast digital landscape. As we find ourselves deeply intertwined in the fabric of online communities, the significance of understanding and articulating the dynamics of social media through the written word, particularly in an essay on social media, becomes increasingly apparent. So, why embark on the journey of crafting an essay on this ubiquitous aspect of modern life? Join us as we unravel the layers of social media's impact, explore its nuances, and discover the art of conveying these insights through the written form.

Short Description

In this article, we'll explore how to write an essay on social media and the purpose behind these narratives while also delving into a myriad of engaging topics. From the heartbeat of online connections to the rhythm of effective storytelling, we'll guide you organically through the process, sharing insights on structure, approach, and the creative essence that makes each essay unique. And if you're seeking assistance, pondering - ' I wish I could find someone to write my essay ,' we'll also furnish example essays to empower you to tackle such tasks independently.

Why Write a Social Media Essay

In a world buzzing with hashtags, filters, and the constant hum of notifications, the idea of sitting down to craft an essay about social media might seem as out of place as a cassette tape in a streaming era. Yet, there's something oddly therapeutic, almost rebellious, about pausing in the midst of 280-character wisdom to delve deeper into the why behind our digital existence.

So, what is social media essay, and what's the purpose of writing it? Well, it's more than just an exercise in intellectual curiosity. It's a personal journey, a reflective pause in the ceaseless scroll. While writing the essay, we gain the power to articulate the intangible, to breathe life into the pixels that dance across our screens. It's an opportunity to make sense of the chaos, to find meaning in the memes, and perhaps, in the process, to uncover a bit more about ourselves in this digital wilderness.

Let's face it - our online lives are a fast-paced carousel of memes, viral challenges, and carefully curated selfies. So, why bother wrestling with words and paragraphs in a world where brevity is king? The answer lies in the art of unraveling the digital tapestry that envelops us.

There's a magic in articulating the dance between the profound and the mundane that occurs within the confines of our screens. An essay becomes a lens, focusing our attention on the subtleties of social media dynamics – the inside jokes that become global phenomena, the ripple effect of a well-timed retweet, and the silent conversations unfolding in the comment sections.

6 Key Tips for Crafting a Social Media Essay

Now that we've set sail into the realm of essays on the digital landscape, it's only fair to equip ourselves with a few trusty tools for the journey. Think of these tips as your compass, helping you navigate the sometimes choppy, often unpredictable waters of crafting an essay on social media.

• Embrace Your Authentic Voice: Just like your favorite Instagram filter can't hide the real you, your essay should reflect your genuine thoughts and feelings. Don't be afraid to let your unique voice shine through – whether it's witty, contemplative, or a delightful blend of both.
• Dive into the Details: Social media isn't just about the grand gestures; it's the small, often unnoticed details that weave the most compelling narratives. Explore the minutiae of your online experiences – the peculiar hashtags, the quirky bios, and the unexpected connections that leave a lasting imprint.
• Craft Your Hashtag Haiku: Much like poetry, brevity can be your ally in social media essays. Think of hashtags as haikus – succinct, impactful, and capable of conveying a universe of meaning in just a few characters. Choose them wisely.
• Engage with the Comments Section: The comments section is the lively pub where digital conversations unfold. Dive in, clink glasses, and engage with the diverse perspectives swirling around. It's in these interactions that the real magic happens – where ideas collide, evolve, and sometimes, transform.
• Navigate the Memescape: Memes are the folklore of the digital age, carrying tales of humor, irony, and cultural resonance. Don't shy away from exploring the memescape in your essay. Unravel the layers, decipher the symbolism, and appreciate the humor that often holds up a mirror to society.
• Be Mindful of the Clickbait Pitfalls: While clickbait might be the flashy neon sign on the digital highway, it's essential to tread carefully. Ensure your essay isn't just a sensational headline but a thoughtful exploration that goes beyond the surface.

Want to Watch Your Academic Goals Take Flight?

Let us take the reins and help you soar to academic excellence!

Social Media Essay Structure

In the age of viral tweets and digital conversations, tackling the essay format is more than just stringing words together—it's about creating a roadmap. As we navigate this landscape of likes and retweets, understanding the structural foundations becomes key. So, let's cut through the noise and explore the practical aspects of how to write a social media essay that mirrors the rhythm of our online experiences.

Form an Outline

Now that we've acknowledged the importance of structure in your essay, the next step is to build a solid roadmap. Think of it like planning a road trip; you wouldn't hit the highway without a map or GPS, right? Similarly, creating an outline for your essay gives you a clear direction and ensures your thoughts flow smoothly.

So, whether you decide to order an essay online or tackle it yourself, here's a simple way to go about it:

Introduction (Where You Start):

• Briefly introduce the topic.
• State your social media essay thesis or main idea.
• Example: 'Let's begin by introducing the impact of social media on modern communication, focusing on its role in shaping opinions and fostering connections.'

Body Paragraphs (The Journey):

• Each paragraph should cover a specific social media essay argument and point.
• Use examples or evidence to support your ideas.
• Example: 'The first aspect we'll explore is how social media amplifies voices. For instance, hashtags like #ClimateAction mobilize a global audience around environmental issues.'

Transitions (Smooth Turns):

• Guide your readers from one point to the next.
• Ensure a logical flow between paragraphs.
• Example: 'Having discussed the amplification of voices, let's now shift our focus to the influence of social media in spreading information.'

Counter Arguments (Addressing Detours):

• Acknowledge different perspectives.
• Counter Arguments with evidence or reasoning.
• Example: 'While social media can be a powerful tool for connectivity, critics argue that it also contributes to the spread of misinformation. Let's explore this counterargument and analyze its validity.'

Conclusion (The Destination):

• Summarize your main points.
• Restate your thesis and leave a lasting impression.
• Example: 'In conclusion, social media serves as both a bridge and a battleground of ideas. Understanding its nuances is crucial in navigating this digital landscape.'

Creating an outline for your essay not only streamlines the writing process but also ensures your readers embark on a clear and organized journey through your insights on social media. If you're exploring more options, you might even want to buy thesis for more convenience.

Make a Social Media Essay Introduction

Begin your introduction by presenting a concise overview of the key theme or topic you're addressing. Clearly state the main purpose or argument of your essay, giving readers a roadmap for what to expect. Integrate social media essay hooks like a relevant statistic, quote, or provocative question to capture attention.

For instance, if your essay is about the impact of social media on personal relationships, you might start by mentioning a statistic on the percentage of couples who met online.

Social Media Essay Body Paragraph

Structure each social media essay body paragraph around a specific aspect of your chosen topic. Start with a clear topic sentence that encapsulates the main idea of the paragraph. Provide concrete examples, data, or case studies to support your points and strengthen your argument. Maintain a logical flow between paragraphs by using effective transitions.

If your essay focuses on the positive effects of social media on business marketing, dedicate a paragraph to showcasing successful campaigns and how they leveraged different platforms.

Social Media Essay Conclusion

In your conclusion, succinctly recap the main points discussed in the body paragraphs. Reinforce your thesis statement and emphasize its broader implications. Rather than introducing new information, use the conclusion to leave a lasting impression on your readers. Consider prompting further thought or suggesting practical applications of your findings.

For instance, if your essay examined the impact of social media on political discourse, conclude by encouraging readers to critically evaluate the information they encounter online and actively engage in constructive conversations.

Proofread and Revise

In the process of writing social media essay, proofreading and revising are indispensable steps that can significantly enhance the overall quality of your work. Begin by meticulously checking for grammatical errors, ensuring that your sentences are clear and concise. Pay attention to the flow of your ideas, confirming that each paragraph seamlessly transitions into the next.

During the proofreading phase, keep an eye out for any inconsistencies in tone or style. This is an opportunity to refine your language and ensure that it aligns with the intended voice of your essay. Look for repetitive phrases or unnecessary words that might detract from the clarity of your message.

As you revise, consider the effectiveness of your hook. Does it still resonate as strongly as you intended? Can it be tweaked to better captivate your audience? A compelling hook sets the tone for your entire essay, so invest time in perfecting this crucial element.

Furthermore, don't hesitate to seek feedback from peers or mentors. Another perspective can provide valuable insights into areas that may need improvement. Fresh eyes often catch nuances that the writer might overlook. Alternatively, you might also explore the option to buy coursework for additional support.

Social Media Essay Topics

In the vast realm of social media, where every like and share contributes to the digital narrative, choosing the right essay topic becomes a crucial compass for exploration. Let's explore thought-provoking topics that not only capture attention but also invite insightful discussions on the intricacies of our interconnected world.

Impact on Society:

• The Role of Social Media in Redefining Friendship and Social Bonds
• How Has TikTok Influenced Global Pop Culture Trends?
• The Impact of Social Media on Political Polarization
• Social Media and Mental Health: Exploring the Connection
• The Evolution of Language on Social Media Platforms
• Examining the Influence of Social Media on Body Image
• Fake News and Its Proliferation on Social Media
• Social Media and the Rise of Influencer Marketing
• The Intersection of Social Media and Dating Apps
• Has Social Media Narrowed or Expanded Cultural Perspectives?
• The Role of Social Media in Fostering Global Communities
• The Influence of Social Media on Consumer Behavior
• Analyzing the Impact of Social Media on News Consumption
• The Rise of 'Cancel Culture' on Social Media Platforms
• Social Media and Its Role in Spreading Disinformation
• The Impact of Social Media on Language and Communication Skills
• Social Media and its Influence on Political Movements
• The Relationship Between Social Media Use and Sleep Patterns
• Social Media and the Accessibility of Educational Resources
• The Cultural Significance of Memes on Social Media

Individual and Identity:

• The Impact of Social Media Addiction on Personal Relationships and Intimacy
• Self-Expression and Authenticity on Social Networking Sites
• Social Media and Its Influence on Teenage Identity Formation
• The Role of Social Media in Shaping Beauty Standards
• Navigating Online Dating and Relationships in the Social Media Age
• The Impact of Social Media on Parenting Styles
• Social Media and Its Influence on Body Positivity Movements
• The Perception of Success: Social Media's Role in Achievement Culture
• Social Media and the Construction of Online Persona vs. Real Self
• Social Media and Its Influence on Lifestyle Choices
• The Role of Social Media in Shaping Career Aspirations
• The Intersection of Mental Health Narratives and Social Media
• The Impact of Social Media on Self-Esteem and Well-Being
• How Social Media Influences Gender Identity and Expression
• Exploring the Concept of Digital Detox in the Social Media Era
• The Role of Social Media in Shaping Cultural Identity
• The Connection Between Social Media and Impulse Buying
• Social Media and Its Influence on Dietary Choices
• Balancing Privacy and Self-Disclosure on Social Media
• The Impact of Social Media on Friendships Over Time

Digital Activism and Advocacy:

• The Effectiveness of Hashtag Movements in Promoting Social Change
• Social Media and Its Role in Amplifying Underrepresented Voices
• The Impact of Social Media on Global Environmental Activism
• Online Activism: The Evolution from Clicktivism to Concrete Action
• The Role of Social Media in Advancing LGBTQ+ Rights
• Social Media and Its Impact on Anti-Racism Movements
• Analyzing the Challenges of Digital Advocacy in Authoritarian Regimes
• Social Media and the Global Fight Against Cyberbullying
• The Intersection of Social Media and Mental Health Advocacy
• Examining the Role of Social Media in Humanitarian Campaigns
• Crowdsourcing for Change: How Social Media Fuels Fundraising
• The Challenges of Digital Activism in the Age of Information Overload
• Social Media and Its Impact on Disability Advocacy
• The Role of Social Media in Combating Gender-Based Violence
• Online Petitions and Their Influence on Policy Change
• Exploring the Intersection of Social Media and Animal Rights Activism
• The Impact of Social Media on Indigenous Rights Advocacy
• Digital Advocacy and Its Role in Healthcare Reform
• Social Media's Influence on Youth Activism
• Navigating Challenges in Allyship on Social Media Platforms

Privacy and Ethics:

• The Implications of Facial Recognition Technology on Social Media
• Social Media Platforms and the Ethics of User Data Collection
• The Role of Social Media in Combating Deepfakes
• Balancing Freedom of Speech and Moderation on Social Media
• Social Media and the Challenges of Regulating Disinformation
• Ethical Considerations in Targeted Advertising on Social Media
• The Impact of Social Media Algorithms on User Behavior
• Social Media and the Right to Privacy: Where to Draw the Line?
• The Influence of Social Media on Political Manipulation and Propaganda
• Data Security Concerns in the Era of Social Media
• The Ethics of Social Media Influencer Marketing
• Social Media and Its Role in Combating Cyberbullying
• The Impact of Social Media on Juror Bias in Legal Cases
• Exploring the Ethics of Incorporating Social Media Usage in Hiring Decisions by Employers
• Social Media and Its Role in Combating Hate Speech
• Balancing Personalization with Privacy in Social Media Websites
• The Influence of Social Media on Public Perceptions of Law Enforcement
• Social Media and the Challenges of Content Moderation
• Addressing Online Harassment: Ethical Considerations for Platforms
• The Responsibility of Social Media Platforms in Protecting User Privacy

Future Trends and Innovations:

• The Future of Social Media: Emerging Platforms and Trends
• The Role of Augmented Reality (AR) in Shaping the Future of Social Media
• Virtual Reality (VR) and Its Potential Impact on Social Media Engagement
• The Rise of NFTs (Non-Fungible Tokens) and Social Media
• Social Media and the Evolution of Live Streaming Culture
• The Impact of Voice Search and Voice Assistants on Social Media
• Social Commerce: The Future of E-Commerce Through Social Media
• Exploring the Influence of Artificial Intelligence (AI) on Social Media
• The Role of Blockchain Technology in Enhancing Social Media Security
• Social Media and the Integration of Virtual Influencers
• The Future of Social Media Content: Short-Form vs. Long-Form
• The Influence of User-Generated Content on Future Social Media Trends
• Social Media and the Adoption of 5G Technology
• The Potential of Gamification in Shaping Social Media Engagement
• The Impact of Social Media on the Future of Work and Remote Collaboration
• Exploring the Relationship Between Social Media and Mental Health Apps
• The Influence of User Privacy Concerns on Future Social Media Developments
• Social Media and the Role of Ephemeral Content in Communication
• The Intersection of Social Media and Virtual Events
• Predicting the Next Wave of Social Media Influencer Trends

If these topics piqued your interest, you'll likely find persuasive essay topics equally fascinating! Dive into our article for a variety of options that might just spark your curiosity and inspire your next writing venture.

Social Media Essay Example

Crafting a standout essay isn't just about the words; it's about weaving a narrative that grabs your reader's attention. Before we say our goodbyes, why not take a peek at our sample essays? Our seasoned writers poured their expertise into creating persuasive pieces, offering you insights into both how to write an essay on social media and the kind of polished language that can elevate your own writing.

Wrapping Up

As our college essay service experts conclude this article, we've journeyed through the emotional complexities, societal reflections, and transformative potentials embedded in our digital narratives. An essay on social media is a portal into the intricate dance of our online lives, urging introspection, empathy, and an awareness of diverse stories. Let your essays authentically reflect, sparking conversations that enrich our collective experience in this ever-evolving digital realm.

Ready to Take Your Writing Skills to the Next Level?

Our expert writers can help you create something truly unique

Daniel Parker

is a seasoned educational writer focusing on scholarship guidance, research papers, and various forms of academic essays including reflective and narrative essays. His expertise also extends to detailed case studies. A scholar with a background in English Literature and Education, Daniel’s work on EssayPro blog aims to support students in achieving academic excellence and securing scholarships. His hobbies include reading classic literature and participating in academic forums.

is an expert in nursing and healthcare, with a strong background in history, law, and literature. Holding advanced degrees in nursing and public health, his analytical approach and comprehensive knowledge help students navigate complex topics. On EssayPro blog, Adam provides insightful articles on everything from historical analysis to the intricacies of healthcare policies. In his downtime, he enjoys historical documentaries and volunteering at local clinics.

Social Media Influencers Essays

Influencers and social media, analyzing the elements of networked virality, research on social media influencer’s impact on brands, popular essay topics.

• American Dream
• Artificial Intelligence
• Black Lives Matter
• Bullying Essay
• Career Goals Essay
• Causes of the Civil War
• Child Abusing
• Civil Rights Movement
• Community Service
• Cultural Identity
• Cyber Bullying
• Death Penalty
• Depression Essay
• Domestic Violence
• Freedom of Speech
• Global Warming
• Gun Control
• Human Trafficking
• I Believe Essay
• Immigration
• Importance of Education
• Israel and Palestine Conflict
• Leadership Essay
• Legalizing Marijuanas
• Mental Health
• National Honor Society
• Police Brutality
• Pollution Essay
• Racism Essay
• Romeo and Juliet
• Same Sex Marriages
• Social Media
• The Great Gatsby
• The Yellow Wallpaper
• Time Management
• To Kill a Mockingbird
• Violent Video Games
• What Makes You Unique
• Why I Want to Be a Nurse
• Send us an e-mail

The effect of social media influencers' on teenagers Behavior: an empirical study using cognitive map technique

• Published: 31 January 2023
• Volume 42 , pages 19364–19377, ( 2023 )

Cite this article

• Karima Lajnef   ORCID: orcid.org/0000-0003-1084-6248 1  

85k Accesses

13 Citations

Explore all metrics

The increase in the use of social media in recent years has enabled users to obtain vast amounts of information from different sources. Unprecedented technological developments are currently enabling social media influencers to build powerful interactivity with their followers. These interactions have, in one way or another, influenced young people's behaviors, attitudes, and choices. Thus, this study contributes to the psychological literature by proposing a new approach for constructing collective cognitive maps to explain the effect of social media influencers' distinctive features on teenagers' behavior. More in depth, this work is an attempt to use cognitive methods to identify adolescents' mental models in the Tunisian context. The findings reveal that the influencers' distinctive features are interconnected. As a result, the influencer's distinctive features are confirmed in one way or another, to the teenagers' behavior. These findings provide important insights and recommendations for different users, including psychologists and academics.

Similar content being viewed by others

Social media: a digital social mirror for identity development during adolescence

A Survey on Social Media Influence Environment and Influencers Identification

Imprints of Social Media Psychology: Redefining the Pursuit of the Social Change

Explore related subjects.

• Artificial Intelligence

Avoid common mistakes on your manuscript.

Introduction

The number of social media users has increased rapidly in the last few years. According to the global ‘State of Digital’ report (2021), the number of social media users reached 4.20 billion, which represents 53% of the world’s total population. This number has risen by more than 13% compared to the last year (2020). In Tunisia, until January 2021 the number of social media users has increased to 8.20 million, which represents 69 percent of the total population, while 97%, are accessed via mobile phones. According to the ALEXA report ( 2021 ), Google.com, Facebook are the most used networks by Tunisian people. Most importantly, 18, 5% of Facebook users are under 13 years old.

In fact, the emphasis on social media has created a consensus among tech companies, leading to the creation of more platforms. Today, the diversity of such platforms has created a new horizon of social media in terms of usage and ideas.

Many people whose careers’ are largely reliant on social media are known as "influencers". More than a profession, for some people, it is even considered as a way of life. Influencers use social media every day to express their opinions and critiques on many topics (like lifestyle, health, beauty) and objects (e.g. brands, services, and products). Accordingly, one of the most important marketing strategies in the market is relying on influencers, which has known as influencer marketing (Audrezet et al., 2020 ; Boerman, 2020 ; Lou & Yuan, 2019 ). In 2017, influencer marketing was considered as the most widespread and trendiest’ communication strategy used by the companies. Therefore, influencers have been considered by many marketing experts as opinion leaders because of their important role in persuading and influencing their followers (De Veirman et al., 2017 ). According to the two-step flow of communication theory, the influencer, as a representative of an organization, is inviting to filter, decode and create messages to match with his particular follower base (Lazarsfeld et al., 1944 ). An influencer is a mediator between consumers and organizations. According to Tarsakoo and Charoensukmongkol ( 2019 ), social media marketing implementation capabilities have a positive effect on customer relationship sustainability. In line with the premise of observational learning theory, influence occurs when the consumers use precedent information and observations shared with them gradually to extend their decision-making by evolving their beliefs, attitudes, and behaviors, (Bandura & Adams, 1977 ). In fact, the consumers are sizeable social networks of followers. In their turn, consumers, especially youth and adolescents, consider influencers as a source of transparency, credibility, and source of personal information from what helps the offered brands to be enlarged through the large social media network (e.g. Jin and Phua, 2014).

Social media influencers play a greater role in controlling and influencing the behavior of the consumer especially young people and teenagers (e.g. Marwick, 2015 ; Sokolova & Kefi, 2020 ). Actually, the use of Smartphone's has become an integral part of the lives of both young people and adolescents. According to Anderson ( 2018 ), 95% of teenagers aged between 13 and 17 own a Smartphone. For young people, the pre-social media era has become something of a blur. This generation has known as Generation Z where its members were born between the nineties and the 2000s. What distinguishes this generation is its extensive use of the Internet at an early age. For them, the social media presents an important part of their social life and since then many thinkers set out to explore the effects of using social media platforms at an early age on adolescents' lives. The excessive use of social media may have an effect on teens' mental health. In fact, adolescence is the interval period between childhood and adulthood. A teenager is not a child to act arbitrarily and is not an adult to make critical decisions. Therefore, young people and teenagers have considered as the most sensitive class of consumers. Teenagers' brain creates many changes that make them more sensitive to the impressions of others, especially the view of their peers (e.g. Elkind, 1967 ; Dacey & Kenny, 1994 ; Arnett, 2000 ). Adolescents' mental changes cause many psychological and cognitive problems. According to Social identity theory, teens appreciate the positive reinforcement they get by being included in a group and dislike the feeling of social rejection (Tajfel, 1972 ). To reinforce their sense of belonging, teens are following influencers on social media (e.g., Loureiro & Sarmento, 2019 ). In line with psychological theories, the attachment theory helps to clarify interpersonal relationships between humans. This theory provides the framework to explain the relationship between adolescents and influencers. Several studies have confirmed that the distinctive feature of social media influencers, including relatedness, autonomy and competence affects the behavior, the psychological situation and the emotional side of the consumers (Deci & Ryan, 2000 ). Does the distinctive feature of social media influencers affect teens' behavior? This kind of questions have become among the most controversial ones (e.g. Djafarova & Rushworth, 2017 ). This problem is still inconclusive, even not addressed in some developing countries like Tunisia. Indeed, it is clear that there are considerable gaps in terms of the academic understanding of what characteristics of social media influencers and their effect on teen behaviors. This problem still arises because the lack of empirical works is investigating in this area.

Therefore, this study contributes to the literature by different ways. First, this paper presents a review of the social media influencers' distinctive features in Tunisian context. This is important because social influencers have been considered as credible and trustworthy sources of information (e.g. Sokolova & Kefi, 2020 ). On the others hand, this study identifies the motivations that teens have for following social influencers. MICS6 Survey (2020) shows a gradual increase in suicide rates among Tunisian children (0–19 years). According to the general delegate for child protection, the phenomenon is in part linked to the intensive use of online games. Understanding the main drivers of social media influence among young Tunisians can help professionals and families guide them. Empirically, this study provides the first investigation of teens’ mental models using the cognitive approach.

The rest of this paper is organized as the following: The second part presents thetheoretical background and research hypotheses. The third part introduces the research methodology. The forth part is reserved to application and results. In the last part, both the conclusion and recommendations are highlighted.

Theoretical background and research hypotheses

Social media influencers' distinctive features.

"Informational social influence" is a concept that has been used in literature by Deutsch & Gerard, 1955 ), and defined as the change in behavior or opinions that happened when people (consumers) are conformed to other people (influencers) because they believe that they have precise and true information (e.g. Djafarova & Rushworth, 2017 , Alotaibi et al., 2019 ). According to (Chahal, 2016 ), there are two kinds of "influencers". The classic ones are the scientists, reporters, lawyers, and all others examples of people who have expert-level knowledge and the new ones are the Social media influencers. Accordingly, social media influencers have many followers that trust them especially on the topics related to their domain of knowledge (e.g. Moore et al., 2018 ). According to the Psychology of Influence perspective, people, often, do not realize that they are influenced because the effect occurs mainly in their subconscious (Pligt & Vliek, 2016 ). When influencers advocate an idea, a service, or a product, they can make a psychological conformity effect on followers through their distinctive features (Colliander, 2019 ; Jahoda, 1959 ).

Vollenbroek et al. ( 2014 ) investigated a study about social media influencers and the impact of these actors on the corporate reputation. To create their model, the authors use the Delphi method. The experts have exposed to a questionnaire that included the characteristics of influential actors, interactions, and networks. The first round of research indicates that a bulk of experts has highlighted the importance of intrinsic characteristics of influencers such as knowledge, commitment, and trust etcetera. While others believe that, the size of the network or the reach of a message determines the influence. The results of the second round indicate that the most agreed-upon distinctive characteristics to be a great influencer are being an active mind, being credible, having expertise, being authoritative, being a trendsetter, and having a substantive influence in discussions and conversations. According to previous literature, among the characteristics that distinguish the influencers is the ability to be creative, original, and unique. Recently, Casaló et al. ( 2020 ) indicated that originality and uniqueness positively influence opinion leadership on Instagram. For the rest of this section, we are going to base on the last two studies to draw on the most important distinctive features of social media influencers.

Credibility (expertise and trustworthiness)

According to Lou and Yuan ( 2019 ), one of the most distinctive characteristics that attract the audience is the influencer's credibility specifically the expertise and trustworthiness. In fact, source credibility is a good way of persuasion because it has related to many conceptualizations. Following Hovland et al. ( 1953 ), credibility has subdivided into expertise and trustworthiness. The expertise has reflected the knowledge and competence of the source (influencer) in a specific area (Ki & Kim, 2019 ; McCroskey, 1966 ). While trustworthiness is represented in influencer honesty and sincerity (Giffin, 1967 ). Such characteristics help the source (influencer) to be more convincing. According to the source credibility theory, consumers (social media audience) give more importance to the source of information to take advantage of the expertise and knowledge of influencers (e.g. Ohanian, 1990 ; Teng et al., 2014 ). Spry et al., ( 2011 ) pointed out that a trusted influencer's positive perception of a product and/or service positively affects consumers' attitudes towards recommended brandsHowever, if the product does not meet the required specifications, consumers lose trust in the product and the influencer (Cheung et al., 2009 ). Based on source credibility theory, this work tested one of the research goals: the effect of expertise and credibility on adolescent behavior.

Originality and creativity

Originality in social media represents the ability of an influencer to provide periodically new and differentiate content that attracts the attention of the audience. The content has perceived as innovative, sophisticated, and unusual. Social media influencers look for creating an authentic image in order to construct their own online identity. Marwick ( 2013 ) defined authenticity as "the way in which individuals distinguish themselves, not only from each other but from other types of media". Most of the time, an authentic and different content attracts attention, and sometimes the unusual topics make surprising (Derbaix & Vanhamme, 2003 ). According to Khamis et al. ( 2017 ), social media influencers attract the consumers' attention by posting authentic content. In fact, the audience often appreciates the originality and the creativity of the ideas (Djafarova & Rushworth, 2017 ).The originality of the content posted by an influencer has considered as a way to resonate with their public (Hashoff, 2017 ). When a company seeks to promote its products and services through social media, it is looking for an influential representative who excels at presenting original and different content. The brand needs to be presented by credible and believable influencers that create authentic content (Sireni, 2020 ). One of the aims of this work is to identify the effect of the authentic content on teen’s behaviors.

Trendsetter and uniqueness

According to Maslach et al. ( 1985 ), uniqueness is the case in which the individual feels distinguished compared to others. Tian et al. ( 2001 ) admitted that individuals attempt to be radically different from others to enhance their selves and social images. The uniqueness in content represents the ability of the influencer to provide an uncirculated content specific to him. Gentina et al. ( 2014 ) proved that male adolescents take into account the uniqueness of the content when they evaluated the influencer role particularly in evaluating the role of an opinion leader. Casaló et al. ( 2020 ) indicated that uniqueness positively influences the leadership opinion. Thus, the uniqueness of influencers’ contents may affect audiences’ attitude. Therefore, we aim to test the effect of the influencers’ contents uniqueness and trendsetter on teenagers’ behaviors.

Persuasion has a substantive influence in discussions and conversations. According to the Psychology of Persuasion, the psychological tactic that revolves around harnessing the principles of persuasion supports in one way or another the influencer’s marketing. The objective is to persuade people to make purchase decisions. Persuasion aims commonly to change others attitudes and behavior in a context of relative freedom (e.g. Perloff, 2008 ; Crano & Prislin, 2011 ; Shen & Bigsb, 2013 ). According to Scheer and Stern ( 1992 ), the dynamic effect of marketing occurs when an influencer persuades consumers to participate in a specific business. Influencers' goal is to convince the audiences of their own ideas, products, or services. There are six principles of persuasion, which are consensus, consistency, scarcity, reciprocity, authority, and liking. Thus, among the objectives of this study is to set the effect of influencers' persuasion on teens' behavior.

To sum up, our hypothesis is as the following:

H1: Social media influencers' distinctive features affect teenagers’ behavior.

Social media influencers' and teenagers’ behavior

Young people and adolescents are increasingly using social media, consequently, they receive a lot of information from different sources that may influence in one way or another their behavior and decisions. Accordingly, the Digital report (2021) (published in partnership with Hootsuite and we Are Social) indicated that connected technologies became an integral part of people's lives, and it has seen great development in the last twelve months especially with regard to social media, e-commerce, video games, and streaming content. According to the statistics raised in the global State of Digital (2021), the number of social media users has increased by 490 million users around the world compared to last year to attain 4.20 billion. In Tunisia, until January 2021 the number of social media users has increased to attain 8.20 million, which represents 69 percent of the total population while 97% accessing via mobile phone. According to the ALEXA report ( 2021 ), Google.com, Facebook and YouTube are the networks most used by Tunisian people. In addition, 18, 5% of Facebook users are under 13 years old.The use of social media by young people has recently increased, which led us to ask about the influence of such an alternative on their psychological and mental conditions, their identity formation, and their self-estimation. One of this study aims is also to answer the question: why teens follow Social media influencers?

Identity formation

Identity formation relates to the complex way in which human beings institute a continued unique view of the self (Erikson, 1950 ). Consequently, this concept has largely attached to terms like self-concept, personality development, and value. Identity, in a simplified way, is an aggregation of the “self-concept, who we are” and “self-awareness” (Aronson et al., 2005 ). In line with communication theory, Scott ( 1987 ) indicated that interpersonal connection is a key factor in identity formation. Most importantly, the individual's identity formation is the cornerstone of building a personality. A stream of research indicates that consumers accept influence from others they identify with and refuse influence when they desire to disconnect (Berger & Heath, 2007 ; White & Dahl, 2006 ).

Adolescence is a transitional stage in individuals' lives that represents the interval between childhood and adulthood (e.g. Hogan & Astone, 1986 ; Sawyer et al., 2018 ). From here begins teens' psychological conflicts that call into question-related to themselves and about their role in society (e.g. Hill et al., 2018 ). In fact, teens go through many experiences because of the physical and psychological changes during the self-establishment phase, which influences not only their identity formation but also their own personality. At this stage, radical changes occur in their lives, which may affect the course of their future life. The family (precisely parents' behaviors) represents the first influencer on their kids' view of themselves, but this is not the main side. In the era of globalization and technological development, social media has become an important role in shaping the identity of adolescents (see Gajaria et al., 2011 ). In the adolescent stage, individuals start to use the flood of information received from various sources (especially from social media) to find out a sense of self and personal identity. Davis ( 2013 ) affirmed that students who communicated online with their peers express better visibility of self-concept. In its turn, self-concept visibility has related to friendship quality. According to Arnett and Hughes ( 2014 ), identity formation is the result of "thinking about the type of person you want to be” (p. 340). Due to the intense appearance of social media in the lives of teenagers, identity formation is highly affected by social media influencers' personalities. Kunkel et al. ( 2004 ) affirmed that targeted advertisements in social media affect the identity molding of teens by encouraging them to espouse new habits of appearance and consumption. Identification is easier when there is a previous model to mimic.

This work aims to explore the effect of social media influencers' distinctive features on the healthy identity development of teens.

Mimetic bias

Investigating mimicry in the psychological literature is not a recent subject. Kendon ( 1970 ) and LaFrance ( 1982 ) were the first researchers that introduce the mimicry concept in literature. Nevertheless, exploring mimicry effect on peoples’ behavior presents a new area of research. Many researchers like Chartrand and Dalton ( 2009 ) and Stel & Vonk ( 2010 ) presented mimicry as the interaction of an individual with others through observing and mirroring their behaviors, attitudes, expressions, and postures. Chartrand and Dalton ( 2009 ) indicated that social surroundings are easily contagious and confirmed the high ability of individuals to mimic what they see in their social environment. Individuals resort to mimicry to fulfill their desire to belong to a group and be active members of society. Therefore, Lakin et al. ( 2003 ) affirmed that mimicry could be used to enhance social links with others. Such behavior aims to bring people closer to each other and create intimacy. White and Argo ( 2011 ) classified mimicry as conscious and unconscious. According to the Neuroscience literature, unconscious mimicry occurs due to the activation of individual mirror neurons that lead to mimic others (e.g. Hatfield et al., 1994 ). Thus, mimickers “automatically” imitate others in many situations like facial expressions (e.g., smiling), behavioral expressions (e.g., laughing), and postural expressions (e.g., hand positioning) (Meltzoff & Moore, 1983 ; LaFrance & Broadbent, 1976 ; Simner, 1971 ). On the other hand, a recent stream of research has advocated conscious mimicry (White & Argo, 2011 ; Ruvio et al., 2013 ). Ruvio et al. ( 2013 ) have presented the "Consumer’s Doppelganger Effect" theory. According to the authors, when consumers have the intention to look like their role models, they imitate them.

One of the paradoxical challenges in the adolescence period is the teens' simultaneous need for "mimic" and "differentiation ".Among the most common questions asked between adolescents is "Who we are?”. The identification of themselves based commonly on a comparison between them and members of the group to which they aim to belong. The feeling of being normal is an obsession that haunts the majority of teenagers. Their sense of being within the norm and not being alienated or disagreed with others prompts teenagers to do anything even if this poses a danger to them just to be accepted by others. Today, with the development of social media, family, peers and friends are no longer the only influencers that teens mimic, but this environment has expanded to include social media influencers. Teens give more attention to their online image and mimic social media influencers to achieve a sense of belonging. According to Cabourg and Manenti ( 2017 ), the content shared by adolescents with each other about their lives on their own social networks helps them understand and discover each other, and create their identity away from their parents. This phenomenon turns into a problem when adolescents mimic each other only not to be excluded or rejected, even if these actions do not represent them.

Another important aim of this study is to explore the effect of social media influencers' distinctive features on teen’s mimicry behavior.

Confirmation bias

Cabourg and Manenti ( 2017 ) pointed out that it is a necessity for a teenager to be a part of a peer group. Belonging to the group for a teenager reinforces his/her sense of existence away from family restrictions. As we have mentioned before and in line with Hernandez et al. ( 2014 ), teens need to create peer relationships, whether to contribute positively or negatively to their psychosocial side and undoubtedly play a crucial role in the development of identity. Araman and Brambilla ( 2016 ) argued that: "Teenage is an important stage in life, full of physical and psychological transformation, awakening in love and professional concerns. Identifying yourself with a group makes you feel stronger, to say that you exist, and even to distinguish yourself from society”. The development of social media platforms promotes the desire of teens to a group belonging. Social media platforms, such as tick-tock, Facebook, and Instagram, motivate their users to interact with likes and comments on others people’s posts. In fact, according to Davis ( 2012 ), casual communication between teens through social networking using text and instant messages enhances their sense of belonging. Furthermore, the author indicates that social media helps teens to compare their ideas and experiences with their peers, which support their sense of belonging. According to Zeng et al. ( 2017 ), social media interactions aim to create strong social bonds and raise emotional belonging to a community. Confirmation bias occurs when an individual cannot think and create outside the herd. Equally important, due to the confirmation bias, teens cannot identify themselves, except by flying inside the swarm. Teens may identify themselves as fans of a famous influencer just to feel the sense of belonging. This work tests the effect of social media influencers' distinctive features on teens’ sense of belonging.

Self-esteem

Psychological literature defines Self-esteem as the individual’s evaluation of himself or herself that can be positive or negative (Smith et al., 2014 ). Coopersmith ( 1965 ) affirmed that the self-esteem is the extent to which an individual views his self as competent and worthwhile. A stream of past works highlighted the effects of social media on self-esteem (Błachnio et al., 2016 ; Denti et al., 2012 ; Gonzales & Hancock, 2011 ). The majority of them found that audiences with low self-esteem use more social networks’ to reinforce their self-esteem. Due to technological developments, social media networks offer a self-comparison between users. According to Festinger ( 1954 ), social media users focus more on self-evaluations by making social comparisons with others concerning many issues like beauty, popularity, social classes or roles, wealth accumulation, etc. Social comparison is a part of building a teen's personal identity (Weinstein, 2017 ). Among adolescents, there are two types of comparisons on social media, which are upward comparison, and downward comparison (Steers et al., 2014 ). The first one has related to weakened levels of self-esteem and high depressive symptoms. The second one is characterized by expanding levels of self-esteem and low levels of anxiety (Burrow & Rainone, 2017 ). According to Wright et al. ( 2018 ), self-presentation on social media is related to the extent to which others accept and the determined level of belonging that based on the number of likes and comments.

This study aims to test the effect of social media influencers' distinctive features on teens’ self-esteem.

Digital distraction

Social media has taken over most of the spare time. It has displaced the time spent on other activities like reading, watching TV, make sports etc.… (Twenge et al., 2019 ). Consequently, the phenomenon of digital distraction has widely spread, especially with the rise of smartphones use. The results of a study established by Luna ( 2018 ) indicated that the use of smartphones during a meal leads to minimize the levels of connectedness and enjoyment and increase the levels of distraction comparing to those who set devices off. Martiz ( 2015 ) found that students with Internet addiction often feel lonely and depressed. Recently, Emerick et al. ( 2019 ) affirmed that the students themselves agree that spending a lot of time using social media leads to distraction. Many studies have proven that most teens spend a lot of time online (e.g., Anderson & Jiang, 2018 ; Twenge et al., 2018 ). Thus, they are the most vulnerable to digital distraction. We believe that whenever distinctive features of influencers are good, the most important impact they have on young people, leads to distraction.

At this level, our second hypothesis is as the following:

H2. The behavior and cognitive biases of teens are affected by social media influence.

Research methods

The cognitive maps.

The cognitive map is relatively an old technique (Huff, 1990 ). However, the use of cognitive maps in scientific research has increased in recent years. According to Axelrod ( 1976 ), a cognitive map is a mathematical model that reflects a belief system of a person. In another words, a cognitive map is a representation of causal assertion way of a person on a limited area. At the beginning of the 1970s, it was intellectually popular amongst behavioral geographers to investigate the significance of cognitive maps, and their impacts on people’s spatial behavior. A cognitive map is a type of mental representation, which serves an individual to acquire, store, recall, code, and decode information about the relative locations and attributes of phenomena in their everyday or metaphorical spatial environment. It is usually defined as the graphical representation of a person belief about a particular field. A map is not a scientific model based on objective reality, but a graphical representation of an individual's specific beliefs and ideas about complex local situations and issues. It is relatively easy for humans to look at maps (cognitive maps in our case) and understand connections, between different concepts. Cognitive maps can therefore also be thought of as graphs. Graphs can be used to represent many interesting things about our world. It can also be used to solve various problems. According to Bueno & Salmeron ( 2009 ), Cognitive Maps are a powerful technique that helps to study human cognitive phenomena and specific topics in the world. This study uses cognitive maps as a tool to investigate the mental schema of teenagers in Tunisian Scouts. In fact, cognitive mapping helps to explore the impact of social media on teenage behavior in the Tunisian context. In other words, we focus on the effect of influencers' distinctive features on teen behavior.

Data collection and sample selection

The aim of this work is to explore the effect of social media influencers' distinctive features on teenagers' behavior in Tunisian context. On the other hand, this work investigates if the psychological health of teens is affected by social media influence. To analyze mentally processing multifactor-interdependencies by the human mind or a scenario with highly complex problems, we need more complex analysis methods like the cognitive map technique.

The questionnaire is one of the appropriate methods used to construct a collective cognitive map (Özesmi & Özesmi, 2004 ). Following Eden and Ackermann ( 1998 ), this study uses face-to-face interviews because it is the most flexible method for data collection and it is the appropriate way to minimize the questionnaire mistiness. The questionnaire contains two parts: the first part is reserved to identify the interviewees. The second part provides the list of concepts for each approach via cross-matrix. The questionnaire takes the form of an adjacency matrix (see Table 1 ). The data collection technique appropriate to build a cognitive map is the adjacent matrix. The adjacency matrix of a graph is an (n × n) matrix:

The variables used in the matrix can be pre-defined (by the interviewer using the previous literature) or it can be identified in the interview by the interviewees. This paper uses the first method to restrict the large number of variables related to both influencers’ distinctive features and teenagers' behavioral biases (see Table 2 ). This work identified two types of social media influencers that are Facebook bloggers and Instagrammers for two reasons. Facebook is the most coveted social network for Tunisians. It has more than 6.9 million active users in 2020 or 75% of the population (+ 13 years) of which 44.9% were female users and 55.1% male. On the other hand, Instagram is the second popular social media platform. It has more than 1.9 million, namely 21% of the Tunisian population (+ 13 years).

In this work, we deal with (10 × 10) adjacency matrix.

Experts (psychologists, academics, etc.) often analyze the relationships between social media and young people’s behavior. The contribution of this work is that we rely on the adolescents' point of view in order to test this problem using the cognitive maps method. To our knowledge, no similar research has been done before.

This work is in parallel to the framework of the Tunisian State project "Strengthening the partnership between the university and the economic and social environment". It aims to merge the scientific track with the association work. We have organized an intellectual symposium in conjunction with the Citizen Journalism Club of youth home and the Mohamed-Jlaiel Scouts Group of Mahres entitled "Social Influencers and Their Role in Changing Youth Behaviors”.This conference took place on April 3, 2021, in the hall of the municipality, under the supervision of an inspector of youth and childhood”. In fact, Scouts is a voluntary educational movement that aims to contribute to the development of young people to reach the full benefit of their physical and social capabilities to make them responsible individuals. Scouts offer children and adolescents an educational space complementary to that of the family and the school. The association emphasizes community life, taking responsibility, and learning resourcefulness.Scouting contributes to enhancing the individual's self-confidence and sense of belonging and keeps them away from digital distraction. Therefore, our sample has based on a questionnaire answered by young people belonging to the Tunisian Scoutsaged between 14 and 17 and, who belong to the Mohamed-Jlaiel Scouts Group of Mahres. In fact, scouting strengthens the willpower of young people and allows them to expand their possibilities for self-discipline. In addition, Scout youth are integrated into the community and spend more time in physical and mental activities than their peers who spend most of their free time on social media. Unfortunately, because of the epidemiological situation that Tunisia experienced during this period due to the spread of the Coronavirus, we could not summon more than 35 people, and the first sample was limited only to 25 young people. Thus, a second study with another data collection is needed. Over two successive months (November and December 2021), we make a few small workshops (due to the pandemic situation) with scouts’ young people. The second sample contains 38 teens. Therefore, our total data hold 63young people (26 female and 37 male). It should be noted that the surveys were carried out after parental consent.

We start our interviews with presenting the pros and cons of social mediaand its effect on audiences’ behavior. After forming an idea with the topic, we asked young people to answer the questionnaire presented to them after we defined and explained all the variables. We have directly supervised the questionnaire. Teens are invited to fulfill the questionnaire (in the form of a matrix) using four possibilities:

If variable i has no influence on variable j, the index (i, j) takes a value of zero

1 if variable I has a weak influence on variable j.

2 if variable I has a strong influence on variable j.

3 if variable I has a very strong influence on variable j.

To sumup, the final data contains 63 individual matrices. The aim of the questionnaire is then to build the perception maps (Lajnef et al., 2017 ).

Collective cognitive map method

This work is of qualitative investigation. The research instrument used in this study is the cognitive approach. This work aims to create a collective cognitive map using an interviewing process. Young peopleare invited to fill the adjacencymatrices by giving their opinion about the effect of social media influencers' distinctive features on teenagers' behavior. To draw up an overall view, individual maps (creating based on adjacency matrices) aggregated to create a collective cognitive map. Since individual maps denote individual thinking, collective map is used to understand the group thinking. The aggregation map aimed to show the point of similarities and differences between individuals (Lajnef et al., 2017 ). The cognitive map has formed essentially by two elements: concepts (variables) and links (relations between variables). The importance of a concept is mainly related to its link with other variables.

This technique helps to better understand the individual and collective cognitive universe. A cognitive map became a mathematical model that reflects a belief system of individuals since the pioneering work of Tolman ( 1948 ). Axelrod ( 1976 ) investigated the political and economic field and considered "cognitive maps" as graphs, reflecting a mental model to predict, understand and improve people's decisions. Recently, Garoui & Jarboui ( 2012 ) have defined the cognitive map as a tool aimed to view certain ideas and beliefs of an individual in a complex area. This work aims to explore a collective cognitive map to set the complex relationships between teenagers and social media influencers. For this reason, we investigate the effect of social media influencers' distinctive features on teenagers' behavior using an aggregated cognitive map.

Results and discussion

In this study, we report all measures, manipulations and exclusions.

Structural analysis and collective cognitive map

This paper uses the structural analysis method to test the relationship between the concepts and to construct a collective cognitive map. According to Godet et al. ( 2008 ), the structural analysis is “A systematic, matrix form, analysis of relations between the constituent variables of the studied system and those of its explanatory environment”. The structural analysis purpose is aimed to distinguish the key factors that identify the evolution of the system based on a matrix that determines the relationships among them (Villacorta et al., 2012 ). To deal with our problem, Micmac software allows us to treat the collected information in the form of plans and graphs in order to configure the mental representation of interviewees.

The influence × dependence chart

This work uses the factor analysis of the influence-dependence chart in which factors have categorized due to their clustered position. The influence × dependence plan depends on four categories of factors, which are the determinants variables, the result variables the relay variables, and the excluded variables. The chart has formed by four zones presented as the following (Fig.  1 ):

Influence-dependence chart, according to MICMAC method

Zone 1: Influent or determinant variables

Influent variables are located in the top left of the chart. According to Arcade et al. ( 1999 ) this category of variables represents a high influence and low dependence. These kinds of variables play and affect the dynamics of the whole system, depending on how much we can control them as key factors. The obtained results identify uniqueness, trustworthiness, and Mimetic as determinant variables. The ability of influencers’ is to provide personalized and unique content that influence Tunisian teens’ behavior. This finding is in line with Casaló et al. ( 2020 ) work. On the other hand, the results indicate that teens mimic social media influencers to feel their belonging. Such an act allows them to discover each other, and create their identity away from their parents (Cabourg & Manenti, 2017 ). The most Influential variable of the system is trustworthiness.The more trustworthiness influencers via social media are, the higher their influence on young people will be. This finding is conformed to previous studies (Giffin, 1967 ; Spry et al., 2011 ).

Zone 2: Relay variables

The intermediate or relay variables are situated at the top right of the chart. These concepts have characterized by high influence and sensitivity. They are also named “stake factors” because they are unstable. Relay variables influence the system depending on the other variables. Any effect of these factors will influence themselves and other external factors to adjust the system. In this study, most of influencers' distinctive features (persuasion, originality, and expertise) play the role of relay variables. The results indicate that the influence of persuasion affects young people's convictions, depending on other variables. The results are in line with previous studies (e.g. Perloff, 2008 ; Shen et al., 2013 ). Furthermore, the findings indicate that the more expertise social media influencers' are, the higher their influence on young people will be. The study of Ki and Kim ( 2019 ) supported our findings. Additionally, the originality of the content presented on social media attracts the audience more than the standard content. The results are in line with those of Khamis et al., ( 2017 ) and Djafarova & Rushworth ( 2017 ).

Based on the results of zone 1 and zone 2, we can sum up that Social media influencers' distinctive features tested on this work affect teenagers’ behavior. Therefore, H1 is accepted.

Zone 3: Excluded or autonomous variables

The excluded variables are positioned in the bottom left of the chart. This category of variables is characterized by a low level of influence and dependence. Such variables have no impact on the overall dynamic changes of the system because their distribution is very close to the origin. This work did not obtain this class of variables.

Zone 4: Dependent variables

The dependent variables are located at the bottom right of the chart. These variables have characterized by a low degree of influence and a high degree of dependence. These variables are less influential and highly sensitive to the rest of variables (influential and relay variables). According to our results, the dependent variables are those related to teens' behavior and cognitive biases. Social media influencers affect the identity development of teens. These findings are in line with those of Kunkel et al. ( 2004 ).The results show also that young people often identify themselves as fans of a famous influencer just to feel the belonging. These results are in line with previous studies like those of Davis ( 2012 ) and Zeng et al. ( 2017 ). Furthermore, the findings indicate that young people use more social networks’ to reinforce their self-esteem.The results confirm with those of Denti et al. ( 2012 ) and Błachnio et al. ( 2016 ).Influencers via social media play a role in digital distraction. Thus, the result found by Emerick et al. ( 2019 ) supports our findings.

Based on the results of zone 3, we can sum up that the behavior and cognitive biases of teens are affected by social media influencers. Therefore, H2 is accepted.

Collective cognitive maps

During this study, we have gathered the individuals’ matrices to create a collective cognitive mind map. The direct influence graph (Figs.  2 and 3 ) present many interesting findings. First, the high experience of influencers via social media enhances the production of original content. Furthermore, the more expertise the influencers' are, the higher their degree of persuasion on young people will be. As similar to this work, Kirmani et al. ( 2004 ) found that the influencers' experience with persuasion emerges as factors that affect customers. Beside the experience, the more an influencer provides unique and uncirculated content specific to him, the higher the originality of the content will be. Previous studies hypothesized that unique ideas are the most stringent method for producing original ideas (e.g., Wallach & Kogan,  1965 ; Wallach & Wing, 1969 ).Generally; influencers that produce different contents have a great popularity because they produce new trends. Therefore, our results indicate that young people want to be one of their fans just to feel their belonging. Furthermore, our findings indicate that the originality of content can be a source of digital distraction. Teenagers spend a lot of time on social media to keep up with new trends (e.g. Chassiakos & Stager, 2020 ).

The collective cognitive maps (25% of links)

The collective cognitive map (100% of links)

The influencers' experience and their degree of trustworthiness, besides the originality of the content, enhance their abilities to persuade adolescents. During adolescence, young people look for a model to follow. According to our results, it can be a social media influencer with a great ability to persuade.

In recent years, the increasing use of social media has enabled users to obtain a large amount of information from different sources. This evolution has affected in one way or another audience's behavior, attitudes, and decisions, especially the young people. Therefore, this study contributes to the literature in many ways. On the first hand, this paper presents the most distinctive features of social media influencers' and tests their effect on teenagers' behavior using a non-clinical sample of young Tunisians. On the other hand, this paper identifies teens' motivations for following social media influencers. This study exercises a new methodology. In fact, it uses the cognitive approach based on structural analysis. According to Benjumea-Arias et al. ( 2016 ), the aim of structural analysis is to determine the key factors of a system by identifying their dependency or influence, thus playing a role in decreasing system complexity. The present study successfully provides a collective cognitive map for a sample of Tunisian young people. This map helps to understand the impact of Facebook bloggers and Instagrammers on Tunisian teen behavior.

This study presents many important findings. First, the results find that influencers' distinctive features tested on this work affect teenagers’ behavior. In fact, influencers with a high level of honesty and sincerity prove trustworthiness among teens. This result is in line with those of Giffin ( 1967 ). Furthermore, the influencer’s ability to provide original and unique content affects the behavior of teens. These findings confirm those of Casaló et al. ( 2020 ). In addition, the ability to influence is related with the ability to persuade and expertise.

The findings related to the direct influence graph reveal that the influencers' distinctive features are interconnected. The experience, the degree of trustworthiness, and the originality of the submitted content influence the ability of an influencer to persuade among adolescents. In return, the high degree of persuasion impresses the behavior, attitudes, and decisions of teens with influences in their identity formation. The high experience and uniqueness help the influencer to make content that is more original. Young people spend more time watching original content (e.g. Chassiakos & Stager, 2020 ). Thus, the originality of content can be a source of digital distraction.

The rise in psychological problems among adolescents in Tunisia carries troubling risks. According to MICS6 Survey (2020), 18.7% of children aged 15–17 years suffer from anxiety, and 5.2% are depressed. The incidence of suicide among children (0–19 years old) was 2.07 cases per 100,000 in 2016, against 1.4 per 100,000 in 2015. Most child suicides concern 15–19-year-olds. They are in part linked to intensive use of online games, according to the general delegate of child protection. However, scientific studies rarely test the link between social media use and psychological disorders for young people in the Tunisian context. In fact, our result emphasized the important role of influencers' distinctive features and their effect on teens' behavior.

Thus, it is necessary and critical to go deeper into those factors that influence the psychological health of teens. We promote researchers to explore further this topic. They can uncover ways to help teens avoid various psychological and cognitive problems, or at least realize them and know the danger they can cause to themselves and others.

These results have many implications for different actors like researchers and experts who were interested in the psychological field.

This work suffers from some methodological and contextual limitations that call recommendations for future research. Fist, the sample size used is relatively small because of the epidemiological situation that Tunisia experienced at the time of completing this work. On the other hand, this work was limited only to study the direct relationship between variables. Therefore, we suggest expanding the questionnaire circle. We can develop this research by interviewing specialists in the psychological field. From an empirical point of view, we can go deeper into this topic by testing the indirect relationship among variables.

Alexa. (2021). Amazon Alexa. Retrieved January 24, 2021 from https://www.alexa.com/topsites/countries/TN

Alotaibi, T. S., Alkhathlan, A. A., & Alzeer, S. S. (2019). Instagram shopping in Saudi Arabia: What influences consumer trust and purchase decisions. International Journal of Advanced Computer Science and Applications , 10 (11). https://thesai.org/Publications/ViewPaper?Volume=10&Issue=11&Code=IJACSA&SerialNo=81

Anderson, M. (2018, May 31). Teens, social media and technology 2018.  Pew Research Center: Internet, Science & Tech . Retrieved January 1, 2020 from https://www.pewresearch.org/internet/2018/05/31/teens-social-mediatechnology-2018/

Anderson, M., & Jiang, J. (2018). Teens, social media & technology 2018. Pew Research Center, 31 (2018), 1673–1689.

Google Scholar  

Araman T., & Brambilla, P. (2016). School in the digital age. Migros magazine - MM46 . pp. 13–19.

Arcade. J, Godet .M, Meunier. F, Roubelat. F. (1999). Structural analysis with the MICMAC method & Actor's strategy with MACTOR method. In J. Glenn (Ed.), Futures research methodology . American Council for the United Nations University, the millennium project.

Arnett, J. J. (2000). Emerging adulthood a theory of development from the late teens through the twenties. American Psychologist, 55 , 469–480.

Article   PubMed   Google Scholar  

Arnett, J. J., & Hughes, M. (2014). Adolescence and emerging adulthood (pp. 102–111). Pearson.

Book   Google Scholar  

Aronson, E., Wilson, T. D., & Akert, R. M. (2005). Social psychology (Vol. 5). Prentice Hall.

Audrezet, A., de Kerviler, G., & Moulard, J. G. (2020). Authenticity under threat: When social media influencers need to go beyond self-presentation. Journal of business research, 117 , 557–569.‏

Axelrod, R. (1976). The cognitive mapping approach to decision making. Structure of Decision, 1 (1), 221–250.

Bandura, A., & Adams, N. E. (1977). Analysis of self-efficacy theory of behavioral change. Cognitive Therapy and Research, 1 (4), 287–310.

Article   Google Scholar  

Benjumea-Arias, M., Castañeda, L., & Valencia-Arias, A. (2016). Structural analysis of strategic variables through micmac use: Case study. Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences, 7 (4), 11.

Berger, J., & Heath, C. (2007). Where consumers diverge from others: Identity signaling and product domains. Journal of Consumer Research, 34 , 121–134.

Błachnio, A., Przepiorka, A., & Pantic, I. (2016). Association between Facebook addiction, self-esteem and life satisfaction: A cross-sectional study. Computers in Human Behavior, 55 , 701–705.

Boerman, S. C. (2020). The effects of the standardized Instagram disclosure for micro-and meso-influencers. Computers in Human Behavior, 103 , 199–207.

Bueno, S., & Salmeron, J. L. (2009). Benchmarking main activation functions in fuzzy cognitive maps. Expert Systems with Applications, 36 (3), 5221–5229.

Burrow, A. L., & Rainone, N. (2017). How many likes did I get?: Purpose moderates links between positive social media feedback and self-esteem. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 69 , 232–236.

Cabourg, C., & Manenti, B. (2017). Portables: La face cachée des ados . Flammarion.

Casaló, L. V., Flavián, C., & Ibáñez-Sánchez, S. (2020). Influencers on instagram: Antecedents and consequences of opinion leadership. Journal of business research, 117 , 510–519.‏‏

Chahal, M. (2016). Four trends that will shape media in 2016. Marketing Week. Available from: http://www.marketingweek.Com/2016/01/08/four-trendsthat-will-shape-media-in-2016 . Accessed 1 May 2018.

Chartrand T. L., Dalton A. N. (2009). Mimicry: Its ubiquity, importance, and functionality. In Morsella E., Bargh J. A., Gollwitzer P. M. (Eds.), Oxford handbook of human action (pp. 458–483). New York, NY: Oxford University Press.

Chassiakos, Y. R., & Stager, M. (2020). Chapter 2 - Current trends in digital media: How and why teens use technology. In M. A. Moreno & A. J. Hoopes (Eds.), Technology and adolescent health (pp. 25–56). Academic Press. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-817319-0.00002-5

Cheung, M. Y., Luo, C., Sia, C. L., & Chen, H. (2009). Credibility of electronic word-of-mouth: Informational and normative determinants of on-line consumer recommendations. International Journal of Electronic Commerce, 13 (4), 9–38.

Colliander, J. (2019). “This is fake news”: Investigating the role of conformity to other users’ views when commenting on and spreading disinformation in social media. Computers in Human Behavior, 97 , 202–215.

Coopersmith, S. (1965). The antecedents of self-esteem . Princeton.

Crano, W. D., & Prislin, R. (2011). Attitudes and attitude change . Psychology Press.

Dacey, J. S., & ve Kenny, M. (1994). Adolescent development . Brown ve Benchmark Publishers.

Davis, K. (2012). Friendship 2.0: Adolescents’ experiences of belonging and self-disclosure online. Journal of Adolescence, 35 (6), 1527–1536.

Davis, T. (2013). Building and using a personal/professional learning network with social media. The Journal of Research in Business Education, 55 (1), 1.

De Veirman, M., Cauberghe, V., & Hudders, L. (2017). Marketing through Instagram influencers: The impact of number of followers and product divergence on brand attitude. International Journal of Advertising, 36 (5), 798–828.

Deci, E. L., & Ryan, R. M. (2000). The" what" and" why" of goal pursuits: Human needs and the self-determination of behavior. Psychological Inquiry, 11 (4), 227–268.

Denti, L., Barbopuolos, I., Nilsson, I., Holmberg, L., Thulin, M., Wendeblad, M., Andén, L., & Davidsson, E. (2012). Sweden’s largest facebook study. Gothenburg Research Institute, 2012 :3.

Derbaix, C., & Vanhamme, J. (2003). Inducing word-of-mouth by eliciting surprise–a pilot investigation. Journal of Economic Psychology, 24 (1), 99–116.

Deutsch, M., & Gerard, H. B. (1955). A study of normative and informational social influences upon individual judgment. The Journal of Abnormal and Social Psychology, 51 (3), 629.

Djafarova, E., & Rushworth, C. (2017). Exploring the credibility of online celebrities’ Instagram profiles in influencing the purchase decisions of young female users. Computers in Human Behavior, 68 , 1–7.

Eden, C., & Ackermann, F., (1998). Analyzing and comparing idiographic causal maps. In Eden, C., Spender, J.-C. (Eds.), Managerial and organizational cognition theory, methods and research . Sage, London, pp. 192–209

Elkind, D. (1967). Egocentrism in adolescence. Child Development, 38 (4), 1025–1033.

Emerick, E., Caldarella, P., & Black, S. J. (2019). Benefits and distractions of social media as tools for undergraduate student learning. College Student Journal, 53 (3), 265–276.

Erikson, E. H. (1950). Childhood and society . Norton.

Festinger, L. (1954). A theory of social comparison processes. Human Relations, 7 (2), 117–140.

Gajaria, A., Yeung, E., Goodale, T., & Charach, A. (2011). Beliefs about attention- deficit/hyperactivity disorder and response to stereotypes: Youth postings in facebook groups. Journal of Adolescent Health, 49 (1), 15–20.

Garoui, N., Jarboui, A., (2012). Cognitive approach of corporate governance: A visualization test of mental models with cognitive mapping technique.  Romanian Economic Journal, 15 (43), 61–96.

Gentina, E., Butori, R., & Heath, T. B. (2014). Unique but integrated: The role of individuation and assimilation processes in teen opinion leadership. Journal of Business Research, 67 (2), 83–91.

Giffin, K. (1967). Interpersonal trust in small-group communication. Quarterly Journal of Speech, 53 (3), 224–234.

Godet, M., Durance, P. H., & Gerber. (2008). Strategic foresight (la prospective): use and misuse of scenario building . LIPSOR Working Paper (Cahiers du LIPSOR).

Gonzales, A. L., & Hancock, J. T. (2011). Mirror, mirror on my Facebook wall: Effects of exposure to Facebook on self-esteem. Cyberpsychology, Behavior, and Social Networking, 14 (1–2), 79–83.

Hashoff. (2017) Influencer marketer . A #Hashoff state of the union report. Available at:  https://www.hashoff.com/ . Accessed October 2019.

Hatfield, E., Cacioppo, J. T., & Rapson, R. L. (1994). Emotional contagion . Cambridge University Press.

Hernandez, L., Oubrayrie-Roussel, N., & Lender, Y. (2014). Self-affirmation in the group of peers to school demobilization. In NecPlus (Ed.) Childhood (2), pp. 135–157. Recovered on https://www.cairn.info/revue-enfance2-2014-2-page-135.htm

Hill, R. M., Del Busto, C. T., Buitron, V., & Pettit, J. W. (2018). Depressive symptoms and perceived burdensomeness mediate the association between anxiety and suicidal ideation in adolescents. Archives of Suicide Research, 22 (4), 555–568.

Hogan, D., & Astone, N. (1986). The transition to adulthood. Annual Review of Sociology, 12 , 109–130.

Hovland, C. I., Janis, I. L., & Kelley, H. H. (1953). Communication and persuasion: Psychological studies of opinion change . New Haven, CT: Yale University Press.

Huff, A. S. (1990). Mapping strategic thought. In A. S. Huff (Ed.), Mapping strategic thought (pp. 11–49). Wiley.

Jahoda, G. (1959). Development of the perception of social differences in children from 6 to 10. British Journal of Psychology, 50 (2), 159–175.

Kendon, A. (1970). Movement coordination in social interaction: Some examples described. Actapsychologica, 32 , 101–125.

Khamis, S., Ang, L., & Welling, R. (2017). Self-branding, ‘micro-celebrity’and the rise of Social Media Influencers. Celebrity Studies, 8 (2), 191–208.

Ki, C. W. C., & Kim, Y. K. (2019). The mechanism by which social media influencers persuade consumers: The role of consumers’ desire to mimic. Psychology & Marketing, 36 (10), 905–922.

Kirmani, A., & Campbell, M. C. (2004). Goal seeker and persuasion sentry: How consumer targets respond to interpersonal marketing persuasion. Journal of Consumer Research, 31 (3), 573–582.

Kunkel, D., Wilcox, B. L., Cantor, J., Palmer, E., Linn, S., & Dowrick, P. (2004). Report of the APA task force on advertising and children. Washington, DC: American Psychological Association, 30 , 60.

LaFrance, M., & Broadbent, M. (1976). Group rapport: Posture sharing as a nonverbal indicator. Group & Organization Studies, 1 (3), 328–333.

LaFrance, M. (1982). Posture mirroring and rapport: Interaction rhythms. New York: Human Sciences Press, 279–298.

Lajnef, K., Ellouze, S., & Mohamed, E. B. (2017). How to explain accounting manipulations using the cognitive mapping technique? An evidence from Tunisia. American Journal of Finance and Accounting, 5 (1), 31–50.

Lakin, J. L., Jefferis, V. E., Cheng, C. M., & Chartrand, T. L. (2003). The chameleon effect as social glue: Evidence for the evolutionary significance of nonconscious mimicry. Journal of Nonverbal Behavior, 27 (3), 145–162.

Lazarsfeld, P. F., Berelson, B., & Gaudet, H. (1944). The people’s choice: How the voter makes up his mind in a presidential campaign . Duell, Sloan and Pearce.

Lou, C., & Yuan, S. (2019). Influencer marketing: How message value and credibility affect consumer trust of branded content on social media. Journal of Interactive Advertising, 19 (1), 58–73.

Loureiro, S. M. C., & Sarmento, E. M. (2019). Exploring the determinants of instagram as a social network for online consumer-brand relationship. Journal of Promotion Management, 25 (3), 354–366.

Luna, K. (2018). Dealing with digital distraction. Retrieved January 2, 2020 from https://www.apa.org/news/press/releases/2018

Martiz, G. (2015). A qualitative case study on cell phone appropriation for language learning purposes in a Dominican context . Utah State University.

Marwick, A. E. (2015). Status update: Celebrity, publicity, and branding in the social media age . Wiley.

Marwick, A. (2013). They’re really profound women, they’re entrepreneurs. Conceptions of authenticity in fashion blogging. In 7th international AIII conference on weblogs and social media (ICWSM), July (vol. 8).

Maslach, C., Stapp, J., & Santee, R. T. (1985). Individuation: Conceptual Analysis and Assessment. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 49 (September), 729–738.

McCroskey, J. C. (1966). Scales for the measurement of ethos. Speech Monographs, 33 (1), 65–72.

Meltzoff, A. N., & Moore, M. K. (1983). Newborn infants imitate adult facial gestures. Child Development  54 (3), 702–709.

Moore, A., Yang, K., & Kim, H. M. (2018). Influencer marketing: Influentials’ authenticity, likeability and authority in social media. In International Textile and Apparel Association Annual Conference Proceedings . Iowa State University Digital Press.

Ohanian, R. (1990). Construction and validation of a scale to measure celebrity endorsers’ perceived expertise, trustworthiness, and attractiveness. Journal of Advertising, 19 (3), 39–52.

Özesmi, U., & Özesmi, S. L. (2004). Ecological models based on people’s knowledge: A multi-step fuzzy cognitive mapping approach. Ecological Modelling, 176 (1–2), 43–64.

Perloff, R. M. (2008). Political Communication: Politics, Press, and Public in America. Boca Raton, FL: Routledge. The SAGE Handbook of Persuasion, 258–277.

Pligt, J., & Vliek, M. (2016). The Psychology of Influence: Theory, research and practice . Routledge.

Ruvio, A., Gavish, Y., & Shoham, A. (2013). Consumer’s doppelganger: A role model perspective on intentional consumer mimicry. Journal of Consumer Behaviour, 12 (1), 60–69.

Sawyer, S. M., Azzopardi, P. S., Wickremarathne, D., & Patton, G. C. (2018). The age of adolescence. The Lancet Child & Adolescent Health, 2 (3), 223–228.

Scheer, L. K., & Stern, L. W. (1992). The effect of influence type and performance outcomes on attitude toward the influencer. Journal of Marketing Research (JMR), 29 (1), 128–142.

Scott, W. R. (1987). The adolescence of institutional theory. Administrative Science Quarterly, 32 (4), 493–511.

Shen, L. J., & Bigsby, E. (2013). The effects of message features: Content, structure, and style. In J. P. Dillard & L. Shen (Eds.), The Sage handbook of persuasion: Developments in theory and practice (2nd ed., pp. 20–35). Los Angeles, CA: Sage.

Simner, M. L. (1971). Newborn’s response to the cry of another infant. Developmental Psychology, 5 (1), 136.

Sireni. (2020). The role of Instagram influencers and their impact on millennials’ consumer behaviour. Theseus. http://www.theseus.fi/handle/10024/347659

Smith, E. R., Mackie, D. M., & Claypool, H. M. (2014). Social psychology. https://doi.org/10.4324/9780203833698 .

Sokolova, K., & Kefi, H. (2020). Instagram and YouTube bloggers promote it, why should I buy? How credibility and parasocial interaction influence purchase intentions. Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services, 53 , 1–9. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jretconser.2019.01.011

Spry, A., Pappu, R., & Bettina Cornwell, T. (2011). Celebrity endorsement, brand credibility and brand equity. European Journal of Marketing, 45 (6), 882–909.

Steers, M. L. N., Wickham, R. E., & Acitelli, L. K. (2014). Seeing everyone else’s highlight reels: How Facebook usage is linked to depressive symptoms. Journal of Social and ClinicalPsychology, 33 (8), 701–731.

Stel, M., & Vonk, R. (2010). Mimicry in social interaction: Benefits for mimickers, mimickees, and their interaction. British Journal of Psychology, 101 (2), 311–323.

Tajfel, H. (1972). La catégorisation sociale. In S. Moscovici (Ed.), Introduction à la psychologie sociale (pp. 272–302). Larousse.

Tarsakoo, P., & Charoensukmongkol, P. (2019). Dimensions of social media marketing capabilities and their contribution to business performance of firms in Thailand. Journal of Asia Business Studies, 14 (4), 441–461. https://doi.org/10.1108/jabs-07-2018-0204

Teng, S., Khong, K. W., Goh, W. W., & Chong, A. Y. L. (2014). Examining the antecedents of persuasive eWOM messages in social media. Online Information Review, 38 (6), 746–768.

Tian, K. T., Bearden, W. O., & Hunter, G. L. (2001). Consumers’ need for uniqueness: Scale development and validation. Journal of Consumer Research, 28 (1), 50–66.

Tolman, E. C. (1948). Cognitive maps in rats and men. Psychological Review, 55 (4), 189.

Twenge, J. M., Joiner, T. E., Rogers, M. L., & Martin, G. N. (2018). Increases in depressive symptoms, suicide-related outcomes, and suicide rates among US adolescents after 2010 and links to increased new media screen time. Clinical Psychological Science, 6 (1), 3–17.

Twenge, J. M., Martin, G. N., & Spitzberg, B. H. (2019). Trends in US Adolescents’ media use, 1976–2016: The rise of digital media, the decline of TV, and the (near) demise of print. Psychology of Popular Media Culture, 8 (4), 329.

Villacorta, P. J., Masegosa, A. D., Castellanos, D., & Lamata, M. T. (2012). A linguistic approach to structural analysis in prospective studies. In International Conference on Information Processing and Management of Uncertainty in Knowledge-Based Systems (pp. 150–159). Springer.

Vollenbroek, W., De Vries, S., Constantinides, E., & Kommers, P. (2014). Identification of influence in social media communities. International Journal of Web Based Communities, 10 (3), 280–297.

Wallach, M. A., & Kogan, N. (1965). Modes of thinking in young children . New York, NY: Holt, Rinehart, & Winston.

Wallach, M. A., & Wing, C. W. (1969). The talented student: A validation of the creativity- intelligence distinction. New York, NY: Holt, Rinehart & Winston

Weinstein, E. (2017). Adolescents' differential responses to social media browsing: Exploring causes and consequences for intervention. Computers in Human Behavior, 76 , 396–405.‏‏

White, K., & Argo, J. J. (2011). When imitation doesn’t flatter: The role of consumer distinctiveness in responses to mimicry. Journal of Consumer Research, 38 (4), 667–680.

White, K., & Dahl, D. W. (2006). To be or not be? The influence of dissociative reference groups on consumer preferences. Journal of Consumer Psychology, 16 (4), 404–414.

Wright, E. J., White, K. M., & Obst, P. L. (2018). Facebook false self-presentation behaviors and negative mental health. Cyberpsychology, Behavior, and Social Networking, 21 (1), 40–49.

Zeng, F., Tao, R., Yang, Y., & Xie, T. (2017). How social communications influence advertising perception and response in online communities? Frontiers in Psychology, 8 , 1349.

Article   PubMed   PubMed Central   Google Scholar  

Download references

Author information

Authors and affiliations.

Faculty of Economics and Management at Sfax Tunisia, University of Sfax, FSEG, 3018, Sfax, Tunisia

Karima Lajnef

You can also search for this author in PubMed   Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Karima Lajnef .

Additional information

Publisher's note.

Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.

Rights and permissions

Springer Nature or its licensor (e.g. a society or other partner) holds exclusive rights to this article under a publishing agreement with the author(s) or other rightsholder(s); author self-archiving of the accepted manuscript version of this article is solely governed by the terms of such publishing agreement and applicable law.

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Lajnef, K. The effect of social media influencers' on teenagers Behavior: an empirical study using cognitive map technique. Curr Psychol 42 , 19364–19377 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12144-023-04273-1

Download citation

Accepted : 12 January 2023

Published : 31 January 2023

Issue Date : August 2023

DOI : https://doi.org/10.1007/s12144-023-04273-1

Share this article

Anyone you share the following link with will be able to read this content:

Sorry, a shareable link is not currently available for this article.

Provided by the Springer Nature SharedIt content-sharing initiative

• Social media influencers
• Teenagers' behavior
• Cognitive approach
• Find a journal
• Publish with us
• Track your research

Home — Essay Samples — Sociology — Social Media — Social Media Impact On Society

Social Media Impact on Society

• Categories: Social Media

About this sample

Words: 614 |

Published: Mar 13, 2024

Words: 614 | Page: 1 | 4 min read

Cite this Essay

To export a reference to this article please select a referencing style below:

Let us write you an essay from scratch

• 450+ experts on 30 subjects ready to help
• Custom essay delivered in as few as 3 hours

Get high-quality help

Dr. Heisenberg

Verified writer

• Expert in: Sociology

+ 120 experts online

By clicking “Check Writers’ Offers”, you agree to our terms of service and privacy policy . We’ll occasionally send you promo and account related email

No need to pay just yet!

Related Essays

3 pages / 1239 words

3 pages / 1269 words

4 pages / 1683 words

2 pages / 917 words

Remember! This is just a sample.

You can get your custom paper by one of our expert writers.

121 writers online

Still can’t find what you need?

Browse our vast selection of original essay samples, each expertly formatted and styled

Related Essays on Social Media

Social media has transformed the way we communicate, share information, and engage with the world. While it offers numerous benefits, it also poses significant challenges, including the spread of misinformation, threats to [...]

Rabin, Ruhani. 'Social Media - Impact on Society.' International Journal of Scientific and Research Publications, vol. 2, no. 5, May 2012.Subrahmanyam, K., and Smahel, D. 'Digital Youth: The Role of Media in Development.' [...]

Shannon, C. E., & Weaver, W. (1949). The Mathematical Theory of Communication. University of Illinois Press.Lasswell, H. D. (1948). The Structure and Function of Communication in Society. In L. Bryson (Ed.), The Communication of [...]

The era of social media has revolutionized how we connect, communicate, and share information. However, beneath the glossy filters and curated posts lies a pervasive issue - the prevalence of fake content. This essay delves into [...]

Many of us in this day and age can’t live without our cellphones and especially our social media accounts. We use our social media to get our news, to find out what events are going on in the world, in our communities, in our [...]

Social Media platforms such as Facebook, Twitter, Instagram and YouTube are the pinnacle of many of the current trends that we see in today’s society. This is something that the creative industries and in particular, the dance [...]

Related Topics

By clicking “Send”, you agree to our Terms of service and Privacy statement . We will occasionally send you account related emails.

Where do you want us to send this sample?

By clicking “Continue”, you agree to our terms of service and privacy policy.

Be careful. This essay is not unique

This essay was donated by a student and is likely to have been used and submitted before

Download this Sample

Free samples may contain mistakes and not unique parts

Sorry, we could not paraphrase this essay. Our professional writers can rewrite it and get you a unique paper.

Please check your inbox.

We can write you a custom essay that will follow your exact instructions and meet the deadlines. Let's fix your grades together!

Get Your Personalized Essay in 3 Hours or Less!

We use cookies to personalyze your web-site experience. By continuing we’ll assume you board with our cookie policy .

• Instructions Followed To The Letter
• Deadlines Met At Every Stage
• Unique And Plagiarism Free

What is influencer marketing?

Sphere of influence. Once it was Mary Kay cosmetics and coiffed ladies driving pink Cadillacs. Now it’s waist trainers, hair growth gummy vitamins, and green protein powder supplements. The most glamorous and charismatic among us have always influenced how others aspire to live—including the products people buy to support their lifestyle dreams. But only recently, with the advent of social media , has influencing people become an actual job.

Influencer marketing is a collaboration between popular social-media users and brands to promote brands’ products or services. These partnerships have been going on informally since the dawn of social media. By 2009, they were sufficiently commonplace for the US Federal Trade Commission to step in and regulate them through the so-called Mommy Blogger law . (China, India, and the United Kingdom have introduced similar regulations.)

Since then, the market has grown astonishingly quickly: since 2019, it has more than doubled on the strength of platforms such as Instagram and YouTube (in Western countries) and Pinduoduo and WeChat (in China). In 2023, the influencer marketing economy was valued at $21.1 billion.

McKinsey anticipated the rise of influencer marketing in 2014 with the completion of a survey  involving 20,000 European consumers. The analysis at the time noted that most of influencer marketing’s impact came from so-called power influencers. But the survey also identified an emerging—and largely untapped—market of less active influencers with smaller followings. In recent years, we’ve seen this phenomenon play out with the rise of micro- and nano influencers.

Brands tap into influencer marketing because it works for them, consumers, and influencers alike. Social media already had a significant impact on consumer purchase decisions when McKinsey carried out its 2014 survey. In 2022, an analysis of more than 2,000 influencer marketing posts found that the strategy does yield a positive ROI for brands .

Plus, there’s no shortage of would-be influencers. In a 2019 survey of several thousand millennials and Gen Zers , 54 percent said they would become influencers if they could. Although we don’t know how long the market will be this hot, social media continues to be very popular. And brands and individuals are making the most of this gold rush while business is still booming.

Beyond shiny hair and a megawatt smile, what makes someone an influencer? And how does influencer marketing work? Read on to learn more about this rapidly growing phenomenon and where it’s headed.

Learn more about McKinsey’s Growth, Marketing & Sales Practice .

Looking for direct answers to other complex questions?

What is an influencer.

Influencers are people with sizable social-media followings who can influence their followers’ behavior as consumers. Although anyone can be an influencer, the internet—like the world more broadly—tends to favor the rich, the famous, and the glamorous. Check out this 2021 list of the world’s top 50 social-media influencers . Recognize any names? You probably do: most of the people on the list are huge celebrities.

However, not all social-media accounts represent humans, and the same is true for influencers. Animal influencers are a thing as well . So are AI influencers . The most famous robot influencer is the permanently 19-year-old Lil Miquela , whose account (created by a start-up in Los Angeles) has a following that’s three million strong.

What does an influencer marketing deal look like?

Such a partnership often combines these two models:

• An influencer is paid a flat rate per post to feature a product or service. This is known as a brand deal. The flat rates can be three to five figures, even for an influencer without millions of followers or a global profile. Celebrities can charge six figures or more per post.
• An influencer posts about a product or service, with a link to a purchase gateway. Every time a viewer buys the product by clicking through the link or using a promo code, the influencer earns an affiliate commission.

Learn more about McKinsey’s  Growth, Marketing & Sales Practice .

How much are influencers paid?

Because each influencer has a unique audience, a unique follower list, and unique engagement metrics, each influencer marketing deal is also unique. Swimsuit model and influencer Alexa Collins, who has more than two million followers, told Insider that she charges at least $1,000 for a sponsored story on her Instagram account. Tyler Chanel—a micro sustainability influencer with more than 13,000 followers—says that she charges brands at least $100 for a sponsored story. Some social-media influencers regard $100 per 10,000 followers as an acceptable formula. But there are no hard-and-fast rules. One social-media influencer talked with Insider about pulling in about $5,000 each month just through affiliate links, which traffic web users to an advertiser’s website. Brand deals can bring big paychecks for influencers, too. Another influencer, who had 275,000 followers at the time, said that she made $700,000 in six months just from brand deals .

What’s the difference between influencer marketing and celebrity endorsements?

Brands have used celebrities to sell products since long before athletes first appeared on cereal boxes. But influencer marketing and celebrity endorsements are not quite the same thing . Celebrity endorsements typically involve a company making a huge investment in someone, but it’s hard to specify the exact return on that investment. With influencer marketing, it’s easier to figure out the ROI because companies can closely monitor likes, shares, online conversations, and so forth.

What’s a micro influencer?

Influencers come in five different sizes—nano, micro, medium, macro, and mega—depending on how many followers they have :

• Nano influencers have fewer than 10,000 followers.
• Micro influencers have from 10,000 to 50,000.
• Medium influencers have from 50,000 to 100,000.
• Macro influencers have more than 500,000.
• Mega influencers breathe rarified air: they have over one million followers.

You might assume that brands want to work only with macro influencers, but that’s not always the smartest business decision. Micro influencers might produce more relatable content than their macro counterparts, who use professional photographers, stylists, makeup artists, and all kinds of consultants to put a post together. While macro influencers may advertise a lifestyle that seems unattainable to many people, micro influencers, on the other hand, can represent accessibility to their followers.

Of course, there are obvious benefits to working with macro influencers: with their mass followings, they can help brands reach hundreds of thousands or even millions of people.

What platforms are most popular for influencer marketing?

In a 2022 survey of more than 2,000 global brands, about 80 percent reported using Instagram for influencer marketing. TikTok is gaining steam: in the same study, conducted in 2023, 56 percent of participating brands reported using that platform for influencer marketing campaigns.

Although Instagram and TikTok are the most popular platforms for influencer marketing, brands shouldn’t ignore the potential of the alternatives. Maybe your brand already has in mind a specific influencer with an impressive number of YouTube subscribers. Like more traditional forms of marketing, influencer marketing should be tailored to a brand’s specific audience.

Also, research conducted by the influencer marketing platform Upfluence shows that certain platforms might attract specific influencers, depending on how many followers the influencer has. Micro and medium influencers tend to prefer Instagram, for example, while macro and mega influencers migrate toward TikTok.

What makes a successful influencer marketing campaign?

Authenticity is the basis of any successful influencer marketing campaign. Forming relationships with influencers who are already relevant to a brand’s message is vital. Influencers might be popular for their content on sustainability, cooking, body positivity, healthy lifestyle, and so on. Does your brand fit in well with a particular influencer and that influencer’s brand? Influencer marketing should be about more than scoring posts endorsing your products; it should be about building real relationships with creators—you want them truly behind your brand.

What’s more, partnering with a diverse group of influencers can help your brand engage with larger audiences. For example, Alessandra Sales—the vice president of growth at Ipsy—told McKinsey  that her experiences working with transgender creators helped her redefining-beauty brand connect with the transgender community.

How has the pandemic changed influencer marketing?

The evidence clearly shows  that the COVID-19 pandemic has created a new normal. Although many of us are traveling again, going out more, and maybe even venturing into the office, things probably will never be quite the same . The pandemic has changed the way we view public health, food , shopping, and much besides.

More people are shopping digitally now. No surprises there: with lingering health concerns and new, lower risk tolerance levels, it’s easier and safer to buy those new shoes from your couch. In one study, conducted in May 2020 , Visa data showed that 13 million people in Latin America made their first-ever e-commerce transaction during the pandemic, when consumers wanted contactless forms of shopping. In addition, McKinsey’s ongoing global survey shows that consumers are consistently opting for digital, reduced-contact ways of receiving services or products . Influencers have an ever-larger role to play in the new shopping normal: 34 percent of survey participants said that they have shopped on Instagram because of influencer endorsements.

How will the metaverse affect influencer marketing?

The metaverse  is a relatively new, somewhat complicated concept. We characterize it as an evolution of the internet: it is the emerging 3-D digital space that allows people to have lifelike experiences online via virtual reality and other technologies. In the metaverse, people interact with peers, content, cryptocurrency, brands, and other “worlds.” The platforms you might already know include Animal Crossing , Fortnite , Minecraft , Roblox , and The Sims .

What’s the future of marketing in the metaverse? It turns out that people are willing to pay for virtual goods: direct-to-avatar sales of such items have created a $54 billion industry . Gucci, for instance, sold a digital version of its Dionysus bag for over $4,000—significantly more than the price of the real-life one. Nike has been selling virtual sneakers called Nike Cryptokicks , and Chipotle offered vouchers for real-life burritos to the first 30,000 visitors to the company’s virtual restaurant on Roblox .

Influencers are getting more and more involved with the metaverse. The rapper Snoop Dogg, for example, has released a music video created in The Sandbox metaverse, as well as a “Snoopverse” (on the same platform), where fans can access exclusive performances and content. The potential for brand–influencer collaboration in the metaverse appears as limitless as the metaverse itself.

What are the opportunities and challenges of influencer marketing?

Many brands can benefit by partnering with influencers. But influencer marketing isn’t without risk . Large, well-known companies might use influencer marketing to establish or maintain a sense of trust among consumers by adding an element of personability. But big brands can also find it harder to appear authentic in an influencer recommendation  because it was clearly paid for. An influencer touting a smaller, lesser-known brand can seem more genuine.

Smaller brands may face their own challenges in the future. As influencer marketing overwhelms the online market, it may be harder to stand out amid the noise. Katie Freiberg, former head of growth marketing at the lingerie company ThirdLove, told McKinsey :

As the market becomes more saturated, it’s much harder for brands, especially smaller brands, to differentiate themselves. Direct-to-consumer [D2C] brands have used this as a way to really build their brands and their voices. As bigger companies come into the space and start using influencers, D2C brands are going to be forced to figure out the next new thing.

Freiberg also points out that big businesses working with many influencers can have difficulty managing such networks. Even if your brand carefully chooses a creator who upholds your brand’s values, you can’t always be sure that person will act professionally online and not harm your brand’s reputation.

As always, brands must be smart about how they conduct business on the internet or in the metaverse. But despite the risks, partnering with the right influencers in these spaces can help brands grow exponentially.

Click here to learn more about McKinsey’s Growth, Marketing & Sales Practice —and check out influencer-marketing-related job opportunities if you’re interested in working at McKinsey.

Articles referenced include:

• “ When will the COVID-19 pandemic end? ,” July 28, 2022, Sarun Charumilind , Matt Craven , Jessica Lamb , Adam Sabow , Shubham Singhal , and Matt Wilson
• “ Marketing in the metaverse: An opportunity for innovation and experimentation ,” McKinsey Quarterly , May 24, 2022, Eric Hazan , Greg Kelly , Hamza Khan , Dennis Spillecke , and Lareina Yee  
• “ How US consumers are feeling, shopping, and spending—and what it means for companies ,” May 4, 2022, Kari Alldredge , Tamara Charm , Eric Falardeau , and Kelsey Robinson
• “ How European shoppers will buy groceries in the next normal ,” December 2, 2020, Gizem Günday, Stijn Kooij, Jessica Moulton , Marek Karabon, and Jorge Omeñaca
• “ Reimagining marketing in the next normal ,” July 19, 2020, Arun Arora , Peter Dahlström , Eric Hazan , Hamza Khan , and Rock Khanna
• “ Discussions in digital: Influencer marketing is ready for its close-up ,” April 15, 2020, Dianne Esber  and Jane Wong
• “ Getting a sharper picture of social media’s influence ,” McKinsey Quarterly , July 1, 2015, Jacques Bughin

Want to know more about influencer marketing?

Related articles.

Discussions in digital: Influencer marketing is ready for its close-up

Think fast: How to accelerate e-commerce growth

Reimagining marketing in the next normal

Essay on Influence of Social Media

Students are often asked to write an essay on Influence of Social Media in their schools and colleges. And if you’re also looking for the same, we have created 100-word, 250-word, and 500-word essays on the topic.

Let’s take a look…

100 Words Essay on Influence of Social Media

Introduction.

Social media, a powerful tool in the modern world, affects our lives in many ways. It influences how we communicate, share information, and even shape our opinions.

Impact on Communication

Social media has revolutionized communication. It allows us to connect with people around the world, share ideas, and express ourselves freely.

Information Sharing

It has become a major source of news and information. However, it can also spread misinformation, so it’s important to verify information before believing it.

Shaping Opinions

Social media can shape our opinions. We often see posts that align with our views, which can strengthen our beliefs.

250 Words Essay on Influence of Social Media

The ubiquity of social media.

In the digital age, social media platforms have become an integral part of our daily lives. They have transformed the way we communicate, share information, and perceive the world around us.

The Power of Connectivity

Social media’s most significant influence lies in its capacity to connect people across the globe. It has made it possible for users to interact with people they would otherwise never meet, broadening cultural understanding and fostering global connections.

Information Dissemination and Awareness

Social media has also revolutionized the spread of information. It has become a platform for raising awareness about social issues, initiating movements, and even influencing political discourse. However, this power also has its drawbacks, as misinformation and fake news can spread rapidly, leading to harmful consequences.

Impact on Mental Health

The influence of social media on mental health is another critical consideration. On one hand, it provides a sense of community and belonging. On the other hand, it can also contribute to feelings of inadequacy and depression, fueled by the constant comparison with others’ seemingly perfect lives.

The Double-Edged Sword

In conclusion, the influence of social media is a double-edged sword. It can connect, inform, and empower, but it can also mislead, isolate, and harm. As users, it is incumbent upon us to use these platforms responsibly, being mindful of their potential impacts on our lives and society at large.

500 Words Essay on Influence of Social Media

The social impact of social media.

The advent of social media platforms has significantly altered our social interactions. It has made it possible for us to connect with people across the globe, breaking down geographical barriers. However, it has also raised concerns about the quality of these interactions. The virtual nature of these platforms can lead to a lack of genuine human connection, contributing to feelings of isolation and loneliness.

Moreover, social media has changed the way we perceive ourselves and others. The constant exposure to carefully curated lives can lead to negative self-comparisons and impact our mental health. Yet, it also serves as a platform for self-expression and identity formation, particularly among the younger generation.

The Political Influence of Social Media

Social media’s influence extends to the political sphere as well, reshaping political discourse and participation. It has democratized information, making it easier for individuals to engage in political discussions, voice their opinions, and mobilize for causes they believe in.

However, the same platforms can also be used to spread misinformation and propaganda, which can influence public opinion and undermine democratic processes. The recent instances of election interference and the proliferation of fake news highlight the potential dangers of political discourse on social media.

The Cultural Influence of Social Media

Culturally, social media has led to the globalization of trends and ideas. It has provided a platform for cultural exchange, allowing us to learn about and appreciate diverse cultures. However, it can also lead to cultural homogenization, as global trends often overshadow local cultures and traditions.

In conclusion, social media’s influence is far-reaching, affecting various aspects of our lives. While it offers numerous benefits, such as enhanced connectivity and access to information, it also presents challenges, including the spread of misinformation and potential harm to mental health. As we continue to navigate the digital age, it is crucial to critically engage with these platforms and understand their broader societal implications.

Understanding the influence of social media is not just about recognizing its impact on our individual lives, but also about acknowledging its role in shaping our collective social, political, and cultural realities. As digital citizens, we must strive to use these platforms responsibly, while also advocating for policies and practices that safeguard our societies against their potential harms.

That’s it! I hope the essay helped you.

Apart from these, you can look at all the essays by clicking here .

Happy studying!

Leave a Reply Cancel reply

Explaining Social Media and Its Influences Essay

• To find inspiration for your paper and overcome writer’s block
• As a source of information (ensure proper referencing)
• As a template for you assignment

The influence of social media has grown exponentially over the past couple of decades, becoming an integral part of every person’s life. The phenomenon of social media has been the subject of multiple studies, including the one conducted by Fuchs (2017). Although Fuchs’ (2017) definition and explanation of social media are restricted to the socioeconomic perspective, the offered definition incorporates the nuances of information management in a digital context.

The definition that Fuchs offers for social media is quite nebulous, which is fully justified by the multifaceted nature of the subject matter. According to Fuchs, the definition of social media hinges on the perception of the very concept of the social. Harkening the specified idea back to Durkheim, Weber, and Tönnies, Fuchs (2017) explains that social media incorporates the notions of a social action, cooperative effort, and community.

Since the notion of social media is exceptionally difficult to describe, it requires a complex model that could shed light on its nature. For this purpose, Fuchs (2017) suggests the use of the model for social media communication that he defines as a model of social integration that is shaped by the consumer culture. In other words, Fuchs (2017) introduces the model for social media communication as the framework for interpreting behaviors observed in users online during communication. The specified model is crucial for examining how communication is shaped by digital factors such as immediate response opportunities, anonymity, and the related issues.

Although the proposed model is quite easy to understand and use, it also seems to be excessively generic. As a result, it may not represent the experiences of each individual in online communication accurately. For example, my personal online interactions have been devoid of what Fuchs referred to as the “big data divide,” possibly due to the restricted range of topics for my online discussions. However, overall, Fuchs’ model is quite representative of average online interactions.

Fuchs, C. (2017). Social media: A critical introduction (2nd ed.). SAGE.

• The Effect of Global Technology on Intercultural Communication
• The Pitfalls of Online Dating
• Surgical Conscience and Its Importance
• Sociology of Emile Durkheim
• Durkheim's study of suicide
• Censorship: For the People, or for Controlling
• U-Curve and W-Curve Theories in Communication
• Debate on the ‘English-Only’ Movement
• Non-Verbal Communication: Observation Paper
• Plunkett’s Concept of “Communication”
• Chicago (A-D)
• Chicago (N-B)

IvyPanda. (2021, October 22). Explaining Social Media and Its Influences. https://ivypanda.com/essays/explaining-social-media-and-its-influences/

"Explaining Social Media and Its Influences." IvyPanda , 22 Oct. 2021, ivypanda.com/essays/explaining-social-media-and-its-influences/.

IvyPanda . (2021) 'Explaining Social Media and Its Influences'. 22 October.

IvyPanda . 2021. "Explaining Social Media and Its Influences." October 22, 2021. https://ivypanda.com/essays/explaining-social-media-and-its-influences/.

1. IvyPanda . "Explaining Social Media and Its Influences." October 22, 2021. https://ivypanda.com/essays/explaining-social-media-and-its-influences/.

Bibliography

IvyPanda . "Explaining Social Media and Its Influences." October 22, 2021. https://ivypanda.com/essays/explaining-social-media-and-its-influences/.

The Role of Social Media Influencers in the Lives of Children and Adolescents

Original Research 17 March 2020 Testing the Effectiveness of a Disclosure in Activating Children’s Advertising Literacy in the Context of Embedded Advertising in Vlogs Rhianne W. Hoek ,  3 more  and  Moniek Buijzen 9,133 views 23 citations

Original Research 22 January 2020 Picture Me Drinking: Alcohol-Related Posts by Instagram Influencers Popular Among Adolescents and Young Adults Hanneke Hendriks ,  2 more  and  Winifred A. Gebhardt 38,760 views 67 citations

Loading... Original Research 21 January 2020 Disclosing Influencer Marketing on YouTube to Children: The Moderating Role of Para-Social Relationship Sophie C. Boerman  and  Eva A. van Reijmersdal 57,027 views 123 citations

Brief Research Report 10 January 2020 The Impact of Social Media Influencers on Children’s Dietary Behaviors Crystal R. Smit ,  3 more  and  Moniek Buijzen 75,565 views 51 citations

Clinical Trial 10 January 2020 Testing a Social Network Intervention Using Vlogs to Promote Physical Activity Among Adolescents: A Randomized Controlled Trial Thabo J. Van Woudenberg ,  4 more  and  Moniek Buijzen 8,049 views 23 citations

Original Research 19 December 2019 Urban Influencers: An Analysis of Urban Identity in YouTube Content of Local Social Media Influencers in a Super-Diverse City Anne K. van Eldik ,  2 more  and  Jeroen Jansz 18,753 views 23 citations

Original Research 17 December 2019 Tweens’ Wishful Identification and Parasocial Relationships With YouTubers Amanda N. Tolbert  and  Kristin L. Drogos 41,461 views 61 citations

Original Research 06 December 2019 Toward an Understanding of Parental Views and Actions on Social Media Influencers Targeted at Adolescents: The Roles of Parents’ Social Media Use and Empowerment Meng-Hsien Lin ,  1 more  and  Russell Laczniak 49,250 views 35 citations

Loading... Review 03 December 2019 What Is Influencer Marketing and How Does It Target Children? A Review and Direction for Future Research Marijke De Veirman ,  1 more  and  Michelle R. Nelson 184,095 views 198 citations

Original Research 22 November 2019 What Do Adolescents See on Social Media? A Diary Study of Food Marketing Images on Social Media Yara Qutteina ,  3 more  and  Tim Smits 40,983 views 102 citations

Loading... Original Research 15 November 2019 Fancying the New Rich and Famous? Explicating the Roles of Influencer Content, Credibility, and Parental Mediation in Adolescents’ Parasocial Relationship, Materialism, and Purchase Intentions Chen Lou  and  Hye Kyung Kim 71,824 views 180 citations

Original Research 20 September 2019 Food and Beverage Cues Featured in YouTube Videos of Social Media Influencers Popular With Children: An Exploratory Study Anna E. Coates ,  3 more  and  Emma J. Boyland 40,237 views 91 citations

• Student Politics
• City Council
• Investigations
• Featurettes
• Our Perspective
• Signed Editorials
• Pop Culture
• Student Life
• Business, Science, & Technology
• Club Sports
• Cross Country

Trapped by the scroll, how social media warps self-worth and feeds insecurities

Social media thrives on your insecurities—it’s time to take them back

• Elizabeth Provost
• September 6, 2024
• Arts & Culture , Pop Culture , Student Life

When I used to open my phone, I was trapped in a reality where other people’s lives bore significance to mine.

Social media, by its very nature, thrives on the visual and the aspirational. It offers us a way to present ourselves to the world, but it also distorts our sense of self-worth. Our curated feeds and favourite influencers perpetuate ideas and ideals of what we should like, should have, and should be. We start to measure our own lives against these images, forgetting that they’re just that—images, not truths.

I deleted Instagram nine months ago. What was once a platform for connection had become a mirror reflecting my own insecurities. I realized that in this crafted world, simply existing didn’t make me visible. The way I perceived myself was dictated by a robotic reward mechanism comprised of likes, clicks, follows, views, shares, reposts, and comments.

What I learned is your insecurities never leave you, even when you throw your phone at the wall after a doomscroll or delete the apps altogether.

Since the emergence of blogging in the early 2000s, personal lives have existed in the public domain. The author of Trick Mirror, Jia Tolentino, has spent her writing years reflecting on what has unfolded since. Through a similar inner reflection and media detox to mine, she realized the internet has many problems, some of which have even been documented clinically.

These problems, which directly affect the user, are not accidental, but rather result from the monetization of the online arena. The companies at play have infiltrated our lives. Unknowingly they’ve become part of our everyday—from our first interaction in the morning to the first time we get exposed to a new hobby, to our first heartbreak, first home, and first job, the internet has provided a how-to for just about any situation, forcing us to continue to drink from its bottomless well.

Selfhood has become a commodity, with the “For You” page providing us with receipts for our consumption. Our data and preferences are traced and sold to advertisers, all while we continuously seek each other’s attention by performing a version of ourselves that we think will be most appealing.

When I took my insecurities from Instagram and moved them to TikTok, I began to compare myself to strangers instead of people I knew in real life. The “For You” page haunted me. If I lingered a second too long on a “weight-loss” workout routine, I would start to think about the last time I’d gone to the gym. Even if it had been yesterday, it suddenly didn’t feel like enough.

If I watched a “Day in the Life,” of the latest hot-shot influencer, I would be immersed in their lifestyle, wondering what I could have done differently to end up at an 8 a.m. reformer Pilates class with my Alo Yoga workout set and my orange Goyard Saint Louis bag with seemingly no workday ahead except for a few video calls with my agent.

Ideals of female beauty only achievable through painful remedies don’t correlate with the emergence of social media. From ancient practices of skin bleaching and hairline plucking to wasp waists and neck rings, women have always and continue to endure tremendous pain for the pleasure of beauty.

Through the perpetual rolodex of posts and videos we continue to be reminded of the latest beauty standard. In this arena the self-image never settles and must be continually improved. It’s never ending. It’s the newest makeup launch, the new trendy jean cut, the pilates body, the Russian manicure, the latest designer bag, and the lip flip. But this perpetual contest can only be won when one holds incredible privilege—monetary, situational, and racial. And even then, insecurity nestles beneath the artificial and the plastic. It’s masked rather than dealt with.

The reality is that the audience will forever expand, and the performance will never end. The female body will continue to be monetized and unfortunately, if you end up on that side of the internet and stay, it will haunt you every day. The internet is brilliant, but it is terrifying.

I understand the internet isn’t going to change, so I must. I must stop myself from allowing a set of algorithms to decide how I perceive myself. I must choose to look into a mirror and see a reflection of my likeness, not of my corrupt self-image. I must treat the algorithm like an evil computer and steer it in the right direction. And I must help the next generation do the same.

At 23 I haven’t yet figured out how to use social media to my advantage. Removing myself from the arena has certainly helped, so has acquiring hobbies outside of media consumption. Finding things to value about ourselves besides how we look is the best way we can take care of ourselves in this social media age.

Being hot is fun and has its benefits but it’s not the be all and end all. Hotness without any personality is a mannequin—pretty but dull.

Digital Age , Insecurities , Social media

All final editorial decisions are made by the Editor(s)-in-Chief and/or the Managing Editor. Authors should not be contacted, targeted, or harassed under any circumstances. If you have any grievances with this article, please direct your comments to [email protected] .

Leave a Reply Cancel reply

Your email address will not be published. Required fields are marked *

Save my name, email, and website in this browser for the next time I comment.

Post Comment

Help support independent student journalism with a donation.

Please use the form below to subscribe to Campus Catch-Up, the new twice-weekly newsletter from the editors at The Queen’s Journal.

Email Address

An M&A spree in influencer marketing is bolstering the creator economy. These 15 deals show what's selling and why.

• Influencer marketing and talent management are key drivers of M&A activity in the creator economy.
• Other parts of the creator industry have struggled to attract buyers or perform on public exchanges.
• Business Insider reviewed 15 recent deals to learn what types of influencer companies are selling.

Influencer-marketing and digital-talent firms are getting scooped up like crazy this year, even as other creator-economy companies have failed to live up to their valuations.

Some deals have involved buyers with big pockets. French ad holding company Publicis Groupe, which has a market cap of around $27 billion, announced it acquired influencer-marketing firm Influential in July. Global marketing firm Stagwell announced its purchase of the influencer-marketing company Leaders that same month.

Other sales have involved smaller firms, such as influencer-marketing company Izea's purchase of influencer agency Hoozu, announced in December.

M&A success stories in influencer marketing arrive as other creator startups that gained unicorn valuations, such as monetization platform Jellysmack and video-shoutout app Cameo, have shrunk. Creator startups that debuted on public exchanges in recent years, like esports company FaZe Clan , have also struggled.

There have been some meaningful creator-focused M&A deals outside of influencer marketing in the past year, including social app BeReal's 500 million euro sale to French gaming company Voodoo in June. But creator startups that offer business-to-business solutions are better targets for M&A than those that cater just to influencers as customers, Houlihan Lokey's John Lambros told Business Insider in August. While digital creators are a newer category within entertainment, influencer marketing and talent management are well-established businesses that can tap into existing budgets within the broader advertising sector.

When Goldman Sachs analysts last year valued the creator industry at $250 billion , they called out influencer marketing as a core part of that valuation.

"The analysts expect spending on influencer marketing and platform payouts fueled by the monetization of short-form video platforms via advertising to be the primary growth drivers of the creator economy," the company wrote in its report summary.

There's been a flurry of M&A deals globally within influencer marketing and creator management since September 2023, according to a BI review of company announcements and data compiled by the data platform Pitchbook. Here's a breakdown of 15 deals that were announced in the past 12 months, and what prompted buyers to make offers:

M&A to add influencer-marketing expertise to an existing marketing suite

• Publicis Groupe announced plans to acquire Influential in July. The company said it was buying Influential for its proprietary tech, network of creators (and data about them), and influencer expertise.
• Stagwell announced in July that it acquired Leaders . The company said it was drawn to Leaders' AI-powered influencer marketing platform, which it planned to blend into its "PRophet Comms Tech Suite" of AI-powered offerings for PR and marketing professionals.
• India-based talent and marketing firm Collective Artists Network announced it acquired influencer-marketing platform Galleri5 in July. The deal was meant to help the firm improve its AI capabilities, founder and CEO Vijay Subramaniam said .
• Marketing agency TBA Worldwide announced it bought the influencer-marketing firm Joybyte in November. TBA, which already offers integrated and performance marketing products, added Joybyte to tack on influencer services, too, describing the company as built for e-commerce clients "in the TikTok era."
• Marketing agency Truform Media Group announced it bought the social-marketing firm Socialfly in March in a move to build a "better, more well-diversified business that offers broader services to our clients," per a blog post from Socialfly CEO Courtney Spritzer.

M&A to expand into a new region

• Izea's acquisition of Australia-based influencer agency Hoozu , announced in December, allowed it to grow an APAC presence and tap into Hoozu's talent-management business in the region. Hoozu announced in July it acquired 26 Talent to further expand its Australian talent roster.
• French influencer-marketing company Ykone announced in March it acquired a 70% stake in Indian influencer-marketing firm Barcode, writing in its release that it was "a strategic move that aligns with the growing opportunities in the Indian influencer market."
• Finnish influencer-marketing firm Boksi announced in February it acquired German influencer-marketing agency the Influencer GmbH to solidify its expansion efforts to Central Europe.

M&A to expand a company's client base or offer new influencer services

• Sports and talent management company Wasserman announced in September it acquired talent-management firm Long Haul to expand its gaming and sports creator roster.
• Italian talent management and content production firm 247 Production announced in July it acquired influencer-marketing firm Influaction to grow its influencer-marketing offering.
• Performance marketer Hawke Media announced it acquired creative agency Lemonade in July, writing that the deal would combine Lemonade's "unique branded entertainment, gaming and blockchain expertise with Hawke Media's performance marketing background." Hawke CEO Erik Huberman, in his statement on the deal, said he was excited to expand into the gaming and entertainment sector and mentioned that Lemonade's production expertise was a draw.
• Canadian talent agency Dulcedo Group announced in November it acquired creator talent agency Influence+All as it sought to build out its influencer talent business.
• Dutch social agency Somention announced in September 2023 that it acquired influencer-marketing platform Influentials to tap into the "growing potential of user-generated content and micro-influencers," Somention's managing partner Charlotte Koeleman said in the announcement.
• Content-marketing agency PinPoint Media announced in December it acquired UGC and influencer-marketing agency NOVA+ to expand its direct-to-consumer performance offering, the company's CEO said in its announcement release.

Watch: Ulta Beauty's CMO says the brand's most effective influencers are its store associates

• Main content