Start-up Funding | |
Start-up Expenses to Fund | $30,700 |
Start-up Assets to Fund | $133,300 |
Total Funding Required | $164,000 |
Assets | |
Non-cash Assets from Start-up | $28,500 |
Cash Requirements from Start-up | $104,800 |
Additional Cash Raised | $0 |
Cash Balance on Starting Date | $104,800 |
Total Assets | $133,300 |
Liabilities and Capital | |
Liabilities | |
Current Borrowing | $16,000 |
Long-term Liabilities | $45,000 |
Accounts Payable (Outstanding Bills) | $3,000 |
Other Current Liabilities (interest-free) | $0 |
Total Liabilities | $64,000 |
Capital | |
Planned Investment | |
Mr. Martin Compton | $25,000 |
Ms. Elizabeth Bathory | $20,000 |
Mr. David Gillen | $20,000 |
Mr. Jeremy Leither | $8,000 |
Others | $27,000 |
Additional Investment Requirement | $0 |
Total Planned Investment | $100,000 |
Loss at Start-up (Start-up Expenses) | ($30,700) |
Total Capital | $69,300 |
Total Capital and Liabilities | $133,300 |
Total Funding | $164,000 |
CGA offers comprehensive geo-engineering services to our diverse clients. Our services fall into two main opportunities of geotechnical engineering services and construction monitoring/laboratory testing. Our geotechnical engineering services include:
The services we provide for construction monitoring and laboratory testing include:
CGA will be concentrating on four main types of market segments. These include major construction companies, local and state governments, real estate companies, and water and utility companies. This is because these types of organizations have the greatest needs and/or the best capitalized of all our potential clients.
The geo-engineering industry has been growing at a very fast rate for the past twenty years. According to the Journal of Hydrology and Geo-engineering , the industry has averaged approximately 22% growth per year over the past five years.
An analysis of the market using the five forces of profitability indicates that the greatest threat at the moment is in new entrants to the market who will want to capitalize on this high growth. Currently rivalry among different geotechnical companies is relatively moderate as much of the potential rivalry is absorbed by this high growth rate. Many of the competitors are able to improve profitability simply by keeping up with industry expansion.
Our most serious competitors are Goldner Geotechnical and Earth Sciences Consultants. These companies effect us most because of their higher capitalization or geographical proximity.
Companies usually enter into contracts with geotechnical companies based on their reputation of professionalism and quality of services rendered in the past. This reputation is difficult to obtain by new firms unless its personnel bring it with them from previous companies, as we are. Price and scope are also important reasons for accepting contracts, especially if the company is small.
There are various land-use companies and organizations within the state of Maine that CGA will be concentrating on. These include:
We are concentrating on these specific market segments for a variety of reasons. The construction industry now requires, by law, certain certifications of safe practices including retaining wall and foundation load bearing capacities, slope stabilities, and geo-instrumentation installation.
Local and state governments often require services such as earth science historical reviews, geomorphological studies and coastal processes studies for their constituents. Real estate companies are in need of bluff studies and fault mapping.
Finally utility companies require a wide variety of services that also include soil and water analysis, seismicity studies, aerial photo interpretation, etc. All these companies further require ongoing services that will provide CGA with long-term profitability.
The market analysis table and graph which follows shows the number of each type of organizations in the state of Maine. This will be our expected geographical focus. It must be noted however, that some of the segments, although they are quite small in the number of potential clients, have very high profitability levels.
Market Analysis | |||||||
Year 1 | Year 2 | Year 3 | Year 4 | Year 5 | |||
Potential Customers | Growth | CAGR | |||||
Major construction companies | 2% | 12 | 12 | 12 | 12 | 12 | 0.00% |
Local and state governments | 3% | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 5.14% |
Real estate companies | 4% | 40 | 42 | 44 | 46 | 48 | 4.66% |
Utility companies | 0% | 6 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 0.00% |
Other | 5% | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 8.78% |
Total | 4.36% | 86 | 90 | 94 | 98 | 102 | 4.36% |
The geoengineering industry has been growing at a very fast rate for the past twenty years. According to the Journal of Hydrology & Geoengineering , the industry has averaged approximately 22% growth per year over the past five years. Much of this growth has been due to increased environmental awareness and the subsequent local and federal legislation that has resulted from this trend.
The geotechnical consulting business consists of thousands of smaller consulting organizations and individual consultants for every one of the few dozen well-known companies. These companies range from major international name-brand firms to tens of thousands of individuals.
CGA believes that the greatest threat at the moment is in new entrants to to market who will want to capitalize on this high growth industry. The most likely entrants will be new, small consulting companies with fewer than ten employees. However, the one major disadvantage to new entrants is that all firms engaged in contracting to geoengineering firms face significant switching costs when bringing on a consulting partner. Furthermore, CGA understands that in this industry there is a significant learning curve that creates declining “unit” costs as a firm gains more cumulative experience in the field itself and with long-term clients specifically.
Rivalry among different geotechnical companies is relatively moderate as much of the potential rivalry is absorbed by the high growth rate. Many of the competitors are able to improve profitability simply by keeping up with industry growth.
The power of potential clients is very great in this industry because most clients are very concentrated in our geographical area. furthermore, because of the high cost of our services, clients tend to “shop around” for the best package of services and cost. Finally, some of our market segments, such as governments have “profitability” restraints that cause them to pressure geotechnical companies for superior terms.
Competition Competition includes all potential geotechnical companies in our geographical operating area. The geoengineering industry is highly fragmented, with a large number of small companies that mainly cater to small firms and a few large companies that seek the largest contracts. Our most serious competitors are Goldner Geotechnical and Earth Sciences Consultants. Goldner is an established company that has been in operation for the past ten years, with a fine track record of quality work. It currently employees twelve consultants and has long-term contracts with the city of Damrascotta and the Skowhegan River Water District. This company is analogous to CGA in size, capabilities, services, and estimated profits.
Earth Sciences Consultants is one of the largest and best known geotechnical firms on the east coast and is expected to expand into a nationwide company within the next five years. It has hundreds of staff consultants and very deep pockets that can be used to counter any sort of competitive move.
Buying Patterns and Needs Companies usually enter into contracts with geotechnical companies based on their reputation of professionalism and quality of services rendered in the past. This reputation is difficult to obtain by new firms unless, its personnel bring it with them from previous companies, as we are. Price and scope are also important reasons for accepting contracts, especially if the company is small.
Compton Geotechnical Associates’ business strategy is to enter into a limited geographical area where it can leverage its staff’s existing collective reputation into long-term contracts centered on employee service and cost effectiveness. We believe that we can service this limited market better than larger firms and we have better service packages at a more reasonable cost than existing competitors of equal size.
In order to attract clients, CGA will begin to contact promising organizations and offer free consultations, and an initial contract at reduced prices. These promotions will allow us to begin to make our reputation. In addition, Mr. Compton and Ms. Bathory will be traveling to six conventions across the eastern part of the country during the first year of operations where we will have booths to advertise our services. Finally we will be setting up cold calls to potential clients and have half- and full-page advertisements in various publications that address our clients needs.
5.2.1 sales forecast.
Sales are based on the various contract projects we anticipate acquiring in the various market segments. Revenues are based on average costs per project based on estimated time and complexity of project plus and undisclosed profit margin. The company does not have any significant direct costs of sales.
Sales Forecast | |||
Year 1 | Year 2 | Year 3 | |
Sales | |||
Local and state governments | $93,000 | $145,000 | $224,000 |
Real estate companies | $33,000 | $56,000 | $98,000 |
Construction companies | $69,000 | $110,000 | $93,000 |
Utility companies | $68,000 | $85,000 | $90,000 |
Other projects | $36,000 | $45,000 | $45,000 |
Total Sales | $299,000 | $441,000 | $550,000 |
Direct Cost of Sales | Year 1 | Year 2 | Year 3 |
Row 1 | $1,200 | $0 | $0 |
Other | $1,200 | $0 | $0 |
Subtotal Direct Cost of Sales | $2,400 | $0 | $0 |
The company will have four officers including our president, Mr. Martin Compton. Our head of operations will be Mr. David Gillen, plus we will have two initial geotechnical consultants and a CAD draftsperson. Finances and general admin will be handled by Ms. Bathory.
The company plans to hire additional consultants, design support and administrative personnel as we begin to get large numbers of contracts.
CGA’s management brings to the company strong capabilities in creative flair, research, and a unique combination of skills drawn from other businesses.
Key Personnel Mr. Martin Compton is a graduate of the University of Kansas where he obtained his civil engineering degree in 1971. Since then, Mr. Compton has had extensive experience in site specific municipal, commercial and residential construction projects. This includes experience in budgeting, project oversight, resolving engineering issues, etc. In 1996 he obtained a graduate degree in geo engineering from MIT. Mr. Compton spent the last four years as the engineering geology department head with Wilson and Brown, Inc.
Mr. David Gillen graduated from Penn State University with a bachelors degree in Hydrology in 1975. From 1978-1988 Mr. Danielson worked for The USGS as a key figure in its groundbreaking National Water/Soil Suitability Survey. In 1989 he went to work for Anderson Consulting in their geotechnical division where he worked on sub-bottom acoustic profiling, tunnel and shaft rehabilitation, and designing procedures for testing ground water infiltration rates.
Personnel Plan | |||
Year 1 | Year 2 | Year 3 | |
Mr. Martin Compton – president | $36,000 | $40,000 | $60,000 |
Mrs. Elizabeth Bathory – office manager | $36,000 | $40,000 | $60,000 |
Mr. David Gillen – projects manager | $36,000 | $39,000 | $45,000 |
Mr. Jeremy Leither – staff engineer | $36,000 | $39,000 | $45,000 |
Geo-engineering consultant | $36,000 | $38,000 | $42,000 |
CAD draftsperson P/T | $10,500 | $13,000 | $16,000 |
Total People | 6 | 6 | 6 |
Total Payroll | $190,500 | $209,000 | $268,000 |
Our financial plan anticipates one year of negative profits as we gain sales volume. We have budgeted enough investment to cover these losses and have an additional credit line available if sales do not match predictions.
We are assuming approximately 75% sales on credit and average interest rates of 10%. These are considered to be conservative in case our predictions are erroneous.
General Assumptions | |||
Year 1 | Year 2 | Year 3 | |
Plan Month | 1 | 2 | 3 |
Current Interest Rate | 10.00% | 10.00% | 10.00% |
Long-term Interest Rate | 10.00% | 10.00% | 10.00% |
Tax Rate | 30.00% | 30.00% | 30.00% |
Other | 0 | 0 | 0 |
Our Break-even Analysis is based on the assumptions that our gross margin is 100%. In other words, we will have insignificant direct cost of sales. Since each project will be of different scope, length, and complexity, it is difficult to assign and average per unit revenue figure. However, it is conservatively believed that during the first three years, average profitability per month per segment will be about $8,000. This is because we will be dealing with smaller companies at first that have smaller projects. We expect that about three projects per month will guarantee a break-even point.
Break-even Analysis | |
Monthly Revenue Break-even | $23,444 |
Assumptions: | |
Average Percent Variable Cost | 1% |
Estimated Monthly Fixed Cost | $23,256 |
The following table itemizes our revenues and associated costs. We expect to be paying higher costs in marketing and advertising than other companies as we attempt to build sales volume. As the reader can see, we expect monthly profits to begin in fourth quarter of 2003 (see appendix for monthly Profit and Loss table).
Pro Forma Profit and Loss | |||
Year 1 | Year 2 | Year 3 | |
Sales | $299,000 | $441,000 | $550,000 |
Direct Cost of Sales | $2,400 | $0 | $0 |
Other Costs of Sales | $7,000 | $7,000 | $7,000 |
Total Cost of Sales | $9,400 | $7,000 | $7,000 |
Gross Margin | $289,600 | $434,000 | $543,000 |
Gross Margin % | 96.86% | 98.41% | 98.73% |
Expenses | |||
Payroll | $190,500 | $209,000 | $268,000 |
Sales and Marketing and Other Expenses | $6,000 | $10,000 | $14,000 |
Depreciation | $0 | $2,500 | $2,500 |
Rent | $18,000 | $20,000 | $22,000 |
Utilities | $3,600 | $3,600 | $4,000 |
Insurance | $13,200 | $14,000 | $15,000 |
Payroll Taxes | $28,575 | $31,350 | $40,200 |
Travel | $12,000 | $12,000 | $15,000 |
Other | $7,200 | $8,000 | $10,000 |
Total Operating Expenses | $279,075 | $310,450 | $390,700 |
Profit Before Interest and Taxes | $10,525 | $123,550 | $152,300 |
EBITDA | $10,525 | $126,050 | $154,800 |
Interest Expense | $6,100 | $5,500 | $4,300 |
Taxes Incurred | $1,328 | $35,415 | $44,400 |
Net Profit | $3,097 | $82,635 | $103,600 |
Net Profit/Sales | 1.04% | 18.74% | 18.84% |
The following is our cash flow chart and diagram. We do not expect to have any short-term cash flow problems even though we will be operating at a loss for the first nine months. Our short-term loan will be repaid in two equal payments in 2004-2005. Our long-term loan will be paid off in ten years.
Pro Forma Cash Flow | |||
Year 1 | Year 2 | Year 3 | |
Cash Received | |||
Cash from Operations | |||
Cash Sales | $74,750 | $110,250 | $137,500 |
Cash from Receivables | $162,100 | $301,234 | $389,843 |
Subtotal Cash from Operations | $236,850 | $411,484 | $527,343 |
Additional Cash Received | |||
Sales Tax, VAT, HST/GST Received | $0 | $0 | $0 |
New Current Borrowing | $0 | $0 | $0 |
New Other Liabilities (interest-free) | $0 | $0 | $0 |
New Long-term Liabilities | $0 | $0 | $0 |
Sales of Other Current Assets | $0 | $0 | $0 |
Sales of Long-term Assets | $0 | $0 | $0 |
New Investment Received | $3,000 | $0 | $0 |
Subtotal Cash Received | $239,850 | $411,484 | $527,343 |
Expenditures | Year 1 | Year 2 | Year 3 |
Expenditures from Operations | |||
Cash Spending | $190,500 | $209,000 | $268,000 |
Bill Payments | $92,676 | $150,520 | $173,514 |
Subtotal Spent on Operations | $283,176 | $359,520 | $441,514 |
Additional Cash Spent | |||
Sales Tax, VAT, HST/GST Paid Out | $0 | $0 | $0 |
Principal Repayment of Current Borrowing | $0 | $8,000 | $8,000 |
Other Liabilities Principal Repayment | $0 | $0 | $0 |
Long-term Liabilities Principal Repayment | $0 | $4,000 | $4,000 |
Purchase Other Current Assets | $0 | $0 | $0 |
Purchase Long-term Assets | $0 | $0 | $0 |
Dividends | $0 | $0 | $0 |
Subtotal Cash Spent | $283,176 | $371,520 | $453,514 |
Net Cash Flow | ($43,326) | $39,964 | $73,830 |
Cash Balance | $61,474 | $101,438 | $175,267 |
The following table shows the projected balance sheet for Compton Geotechnical.
Pro Forma Balance Sheet | |||
Year 1 | Year 2 | Year 3 | |
Assets | |||
Current Assets | |||
Cash | $61,474 | $101,438 | $175,267 |
Accounts Receivable | $62,150 | $91,666 | $114,323 |
Other Current Assets | $3,500 | $3,500 | $3,500 |
Total Current Assets | $127,124 | $196,604 | $293,090 |
Long-term Assets | |||
Long-term Assets | $25,000 | $25,000 | $25,000 |
Accumulated Depreciation | $0 | $2,500 | $5,000 |
Total Long-term Assets | $25,000 | $22,500 | $20,000 |
Total Assets | $152,124 | $219,104 | $313,090 |
Liabilities and Capital | Year 1 | Year 2 | Year 3 |
Current Liabilities | |||
Accounts Payable | $15,726 | $12,071 | $14,458 |
Current Borrowing | $16,000 | $8,000 | $0 |
Other Current Liabilities | $0 | $0 | $0 |
Subtotal Current Liabilities | $31,726 | $20,071 | $14,458 |
Long-term Liabilities | $45,000 | $41,000 | $37,000 |
Total Liabilities | $76,726 | $61,071 | $51,458 |
Paid-in Capital | $103,000 | $103,000 | $103,000 |
Retained Earnings | ($30,700) | ($27,603) | $55,032 |
Earnings | $3,097 | $82,635 | $103,600 |
Total Capital | $75,398 | $158,033 | $261,633 |
Total Liabilities and Capital | $152,124 | $219,104 | $313,090 |
Net Worth | $75,398 | $158,033 | $261,633 |
We have included industry standard ratios from the construction and civil engineering industry to compare with ours. These ratios are as closely matched to our industry as management could find, however there are some significant differences, especially in sales growth, financing ratios, long-term asset investments and net worth. However, our projections indicate a healthy company that will be able to obtain and retain long-term profitability.
Ratio Analysis | ||||
Year 1 | Year 2 | Year 3 | Industry Profile | |
Sales Growth | 0.00% | 47.49% | 24.72% | 6.39% |
Percent of Total Assets | ||||
Accounts Receivable | 40.85% | 41.84% | 36.51% | 39.28% |
Other Current Assets | 2.30% | 1.60% | 1.12% | 34.90% |
Total Current Assets | 83.57% | 89.73% | 93.61% | 77.16% |
Long-term Assets | 16.43% | 10.27% | 6.39% | 22.84% |
Total Assets | 100.00% | 100.00% | 100.00% | 100.00% |
Current Liabilities | 20.86% | 9.16% | 4.62% | 38.24% |
Long-term Liabilities | 29.58% | 18.71% | 11.82% | 13.12% |
Total Liabilities | 50.44% | 27.87% | 16.44% | 51.36% |
Net Worth | 49.56% | 72.13% | 83.56% | 48.64% |
Percent of Sales | ||||
Sales | 100.00% | 100.00% | 100.00% | 100.00% |
Gross Margin | 96.86% | 98.41% | 98.73% | 100.00% |
Selling, General & Administrative Expenses | 96.06% | 79.67% | 79.89% | 81.87% |
Advertising Expenses | 0.00% | 0.00% | 0.00% | 0.32% |
Profit Before Interest and Taxes | 3.52% | 28.02% | 27.69% | 2.33% |
Main Ratios | ||||
Current | 4.01 | 9.80 | 20.27 | 1.73 |
Quick | 4.01 | 9.80 | 20.27 | 1.43 |
Total Debt to Total Assets | 50.44% | 27.87% | 16.44% | 5.72% |
Pre-tax Return on Net Worth | 5.87% | 74.70% | 56.57% | 57.36% |
Pre-tax Return on Assets | 2.91% | 53.88% | 47.27% | 13.43% |
Additional Ratios | Year 1 | Year 2 | Year 3 | |
Net Profit Margin | 1.04% | 18.74% | 18.84% | n.a |
Return on Equity | 4.11% | 52.29% | 39.60% | n.a |
Activity Ratios | ||||
Accounts Receivable Turnover | 3.61 | 3.61 | 3.61 | n.a |
Collection Days | 55 | 85 | 91 | n.a |
Accounts Payable Turnover | 6.70 | 12.17 | 12.17 | n.a |
Payment Days | 28 | 35 | 28 | n.a |
Total Asset Turnover | 1.97 | 2.01 | 1.76 | n.a |
Debt Ratios | ||||
Debt to Net Worth | 1.02 | 0.39 | 0.20 | n.a |
Current Liab. to Liab. | 0.41 | 0.33 | 0.28 | n.a |
Liquidity Ratios | ||||
Net Working Capital | $95,398 | $176,533 | $278,633 | n.a |
Interest Coverage | 1.73 | 22.46 | 35.42 | n.a |
Additional Ratios | ||||
Assets to Sales | 0.51 | 0.50 | 0.57 | n.a |
Current Debt/Total Assets | 21% | 9% | 5% | n.a |
Acid Test | 2.05 | 5.23 | 12.36 | n.a |
Sales/Net Worth | 3.97 | 2.79 | 2.10 | n.a |
Dividend Payout | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | n.a |
Sales Forecast | |||||||||||||
Month 1 | Month 2 | Month 3 | Month 4 | Month 5 | Month 6 | Month 7 | Month 8 | Month 9 | Month 10 | Month 11 | Month 12 | ||
Sales | |||||||||||||
Local and state governments | 0% | $6,000 | $6,000 | $6,000 | $6,000 | $6,000 | $6,000 | $6,000 | $6,000 | $6,000 | $6,000 | $9,000 | $24,000 |
Real estate companies | 0% | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $2,000 | $4,000 | $4,000 | $5,000 | $5,000 | $6,000 | $7,000 |
Construction companies | 0% | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $7,000 | $5,000 | $3,000 | $26,000 | $4,000 | $7,000 | $10,000 | $7,000 |
Utility companies | 0% | $5,000 | $5,000 | $5,000 | $5,000 | $5,000 | $5,000 | $5,000 | $5,000 | $7,000 | $7,000 | $7,000 | $7,000 |
Other projects | 0% | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $7,000 | $5,000 | $12,000 | $5,000 | $2,000 | $5,000 |
Total Sales | $11,000 | $11,000 | $11,000 | $11,000 | $18,000 | $18,000 | $25,000 | $46,000 | $34,000 | $30,000 | $34,000 | $50,000 | |
Direct Cost of Sales | Month 1 | Month 2 | Month 3 | Month 4 | Month 5 | Month 6 | Month 7 | Month 8 | Month 9 | Month 10 | Month 11 | Month 12 | |
Row 1 | $100 | $100 | $100 | $100 | $100 | $100 | $100 | $100 | $100 | $100 | $100 | $100 | |
Other | $100 | $100 | $100 | $100 | $100 | $100 | $100 | $100 | $100 | $100 | $100 | $100 | |
Subtotal Direct Cost of Sales | $200 | $200 | $200 | $200 | $200 | $200 | $200 | $200 | $200 | $200 | $200 | $200 |
Personnel Plan | |||||||||||||
Month 1 | Month 2 | Month 3 | Month 4 | Month 5 | Month 6 | Month 7 | Month 8 | Month 9 | Month 10 | Month 11 | Month 12 | ||
Mr. Martin Compton – president | 0% | $3,000 | $3,000 | $3,000 | $3,000 | $3,000 | $3,000 | $3,000 | $3,000 | $3,000 | $3,000 | $3,000 | $3,000 |
Mrs. Elizabeth Bathory – office manager | 0% | $3,000 | $3,000 | $3,000 | $3,000 | $3,000 | $3,000 | $3,000 | $3,000 | $3,000 | $3,000 | $3,000 | $3,000 |
Mr. David Gillen – projects manager | 0% | $3,000 | $3,000 | $3,000 | $3,000 | $3,000 | $3,000 | $3,000 | $3,000 | $3,000 | $3,000 | $3,000 | $3,000 |
Mr. Jeremy Leither – staff engineer | 0% | $3,000 | $3,000 | $3,000 | $3,000 | $3,000 | $3,000 | $3,000 | $3,000 | $3,000 | $3,000 | $3,000 | $3,000 |
Geo-engineering consultant | 0% | $3,000 | $3,000 | $3,000 | $3,000 | $3,000 | $3,000 | $3,000 | $3,000 | $3,000 | $3,000 | $3,000 | $3,000 |
CAD draftsperson P/T | 0% | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $1,500 | $1,500 | $1,500 | $1,500 | $1,500 | $1,500 | $1,500 |
Total People | 0% | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 6 |
Total Payroll | $15,000 | $15,000 | $15,000 | $15,000 | $15,000 | $16,500 | $16,500 | $16,500 | $16,500 | $16,500 | $16,500 | $16,500 |
General Assumptions | |||||||||||||
Month 1 | Month 2 | Month 3 | Month 4 | Month 5 | Month 6 | Month 7 | Month 8 | Month 9 | Month 10 | Month 11 | Month 12 | ||
Plan Month | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | |
Current Interest Rate | 10.00% | 10.00% | 10.00% | 10.00% | 10.00% | 10.00% | 10.00% | 10.00% | 10.00% | 10.00% | 10.00% | 10.00% | |
Long-term Interest Rate | 10.00% | 10.00% | 10.00% | 10.00% | 10.00% | 10.00% | 10.00% | 10.00% | 10.00% | 10.00% | 10.00% | 10.00% | |
Tax Rate | 30.00% | 30.00% | 30.00% | 30.00% | 30.00% | 30.00% | 30.00% | 30.00% | 30.00% | 30.00% | 30.00% | 30.00% | |
Other | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
Pro Forma Profit and Loss | |||||||||||||
Month 1 | Month 2 | Month 3 | Month 4 | Month 5 | Month 6 | Month 7 | Month 8 | Month 9 | Month 10 | Month 11 | Month 12 | ||
Sales | $11,000 | $11,000 | $11,000 | $11,000 | $18,000 | $18,000 | $25,000 | $46,000 | $34,000 | $30,000 | $34,000 | $50,000 | |
Direct Cost of Sales | $200 | $200 | $200 | $200 | $200 | $200 | $200 | $200 | $200 | $200 | $200 | $200 | |
Other Costs of Sales | $500 | $500 | $500 | $500 | $500 | $500 | $500 | $700 | $700 | $700 | $700 | $700 | |
Total Cost of Sales | $700 | $700 | $700 | $700 | $700 | $700 | $700 | $900 | $900 | $900 | $900 | $900 | |
Gross Margin | $10,300 | $10,300 | $10,300 | $10,300 | $17,300 | $17,300 | $24,300 | $45,100 | $33,100 | $29,100 | $33,100 | $49,100 | |
Gross Margin % | 93.64% | 93.64% | 93.64% | 93.64% | 96.11% | 96.11% | 97.20% | 98.04% | 97.35% | 97.00% | 97.35% | 98.20% | |
Expenses | |||||||||||||
Payroll | $15,000 | $15,000 | $15,000 | $15,000 | $15,000 | $16,500 | $16,500 | $16,500 | $16,500 | $16,500 | $16,500 | $16,500 | |
Sales and Marketing and Other Expenses | $500 | $500 | $500 | $500 | $500 | $500 | $500 | $500 | $500 | $500 | $500 | $500 | |
Depreciation | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | |
Rent | $1,500 | $1,500 | $1,500 | $1,500 | $1,500 | $1,500 | $1,500 | $1,500 | $1,500 | $1,500 | $1,500 | $1,500 | |
Utilities | $300 | $300 | $300 | $300 | $300 | $300 | $300 | $300 | $300 | $300 | $300 | $300 | |
Insurance | $1,100 | $1,100 | $1,100 | $1,100 | $1,100 | $1,100 | $1,100 | $1,100 | $1,100 | $1,100 | $1,100 | $1,100 | |
Payroll Taxes | 15% | $2,250 | $2,250 | $2,250 | $2,250 | $2,250 | $2,475 | $2,475 | $2,475 | $2,475 | $2,475 | $2,475 | $2,475 |
Travel | 15% | $1,000 | $1,000 | $1,000 | $1,000 | $1,000 | $1,000 | $1,000 | $1,000 | $1,000 | $1,000 | $1,000 | $1,000 |
Other | $600 | $600 | $600 | $600 | $600 | $600 | $600 | $600 | $600 | $600 | $600 | $600 | |
Total Operating Expenses | $22,250 | $22,250 | $22,250 | $22,250 | $22,250 | $23,975 | $23,975 | $23,975 | $23,975 | $23,975 | $23,975 | $23,975 | |
Profit Before Interest and Taxes | ($11,950) | ($11,950) | ($11,950) | ($11,950) | ($4,950) | ($6,675) | $325 | $21,125 | $9,125 | $5,125 | $9,125 | $25,125 | |
EBITDA | ($11,950) | ($11,950) | ($11,950) | ($11,950) | ($4,950) | ($6,675) | $325 | $21,125 | $9,125 | $5,125 | $9,125 | $25,125 | |
Interest Expense | $508 | $508 | $508 | $508 | $508 | $508 | $508 | $508 | $508 | $508 | $508 | $508 | |
Taxes Incurred | ($3,738) | ($3,738) | ($3,738) | ($3,738) | ($1,637) | ($2,155) | ($55) | $6,185 | $2,585 | $1,385 | $2,585 | $7,385 | |
Net Profit | ($8,721) | ($8,721) | ($8,721) | ($8,721) | ($3,821) | ($5,028) | ($128) | $14,432 | $6,032 | $3,232 | $6,032 | $17,232 | |
Net Profit/Sales | -79.28% | -79.28% | -79.28% | -79.28% | -21.23% | -27.94% | -0.51% | 31.37% | 17.74% | 10.77% | 17.74% | 34.46% |
Pro Forma Cash Flow | |||||||||||||
Month 1 | Month 2 | Month 3 | Month 4 | Month 5 | Month 6 | Month 7 | Month 8 | Month 9 | Month 10 | Month 11 | Month 12 | ||
Cash Received | |||||||||||||
Cash from Operations | |||||||||||||
Cash Sales | $2,750 | $2,750 | $2,750 | $2,750 | $4,500 | $4,500 | $6,250 | $11,500 | $8,500 | $7,500 | $8,500 | $12,500 | |
Cash from Receivables | $0 | $275 | $8,250 | $8,250 | $8,250 | $8,425 | $13,500 | $13,675 | $19,275 | $34,200 | $25,400 | $22,600 | |
Subtotal Cash from Operations | $2,750 | $3,025 | $11,000 | $11,000 | $12,750 | $12,925 | $19,750 | $25,175 | $27,775 | $41,700 | $33,900 | $35,100 | |
Additional Cash Received | |||||||||||||
Sales Tax, VAT, HST/GST Received | 0.00% | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 |
New Current Borrowing | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | |
New Other Liabilities (interest-free) | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | |
New Long-term Liabilities | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | |
Sales of Other Current Assets | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | |
Sales of Long-term Assets | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | |
New Investment Received | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $1,500 | $1,500 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | |
Subtotal Cash Received | $2,750 | $3,025 | $11,000 | $11,000 | $12,750 | $12,925 | $21,250 | $26,675 | $27,775 | $41,700 | $33,900 | $35,100 | |
Expenditures | Month 1 | Month 2 | Month 3 | Month 4 | Month 5 | Month 6 | Month 7 | Month 8 | Month 9 | Month 10 | Month 11 | Month 12 | |
Expenditures from Operations | |||||||||||||
Cash Spending | $15,000 | $15,000 | $15,000 | $15,000 | $15,000 | $16,500 | $16,500 | $16,500 | $16,500 | $16,500 | $16,500 | $16,500 | |
Bill Payments | $3,157 | $4,721 | $4,721 | $4,721 | $4,791 | $6,811 | $6,598 | $8,843 | $14,948 | $11,428 | $10,308 | $11,628 | |
Subtotal Spent on Operations | $18,157 | $19,721 | $19,721 | $19,721 | $19,791 | $23,311 | $23,098 | $25,343 | $31,448 | $27,928 | $26,808 | $28,128 | |
Additional Cash Spent | |||||||||||||
Sales Tax, VAT, HST/GST Paid Out | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | |
Principal Repayment of Current Borrowing | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | |
Other Liabilities Principal Repayment | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | |
Long-term Liabilities Principal Repayment | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | |
Purchase Other Current Assets | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | |
Purchase Long-term Assets | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | |
Dividends | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | |
Subtotal Cash Spent | $18,157 | $19,721 | $19,721 | $19,721 | $19,791 | $23,311 | $23,098 | $25,343 | $31,448 | $27,928 | $26,808 | $28,128 | |
Net Cash Flow | ($15,407) | ($16,696) | ($8,721) | ($8,721) | ($7,041) | ($10,386) | ($1,848) | $1,332 | ($3,673) | $13,772 | $7,092 | $6,972 | |
Cash Balance | $89,393 | $72,697 | $63,976 | $55,255 | $48,214 | $37,828 | $35,980 | $37,312 | $33,639 | $47,410 | $54,502 | $61,474 |
Pro Forma Balance Sheet | |||||||||||||
Month 1 | Month 2 | Month 3 | Month 4 | Month 5 | Month 6 | Month 7 | Month 8 | Month 9 | Month 10 | Month 11 | Month 12 | ||
Assets | Starting Balances | ||||||||||||
Current Assets | |||||||||||||
Cash | $104,800 | $89,393 | $72,697 | $63,976 | $55,255 | $48,214 | $37,828 | $35,980 | $37,312 | $33,639 | $47,410 | $54,502 | $61,474 |
Accounts Receivable | $0 | $8,250 | $16,225 | $16,225 | $16,225 | $21,475 | $26,550 | $31,800 | $52,625 | $58,850 | $47,150 | $47,250 | $62,150 |
Other Current Assets | $3,500 | $3,500 | $3,500 | $3,500 | $3,500 | $3,500 | $3,500 | $3,500 | $3,500 | $3,500 | $3,500 | $3,500 | $3,500 |
Total Current Assets | $108,300 | $101,143 | $92,422 | $83,701 | $74,980 | $73,189 | $67,878 | $71,280 | $93,437 | $95,989 | $98,060 | $105,252 | $127,124 |
Long-term Assets | |||||||||||||
Long-term Assets | $25,000 | $25,000 | $25,000 | $25,000 | $25,000 | $25,000 | $25,000 | $25,000 | $25,000 | $25,000 | $25,000 | $25,000 | $25,000 |
Accumulated Depreciation | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 |
Total Long-term Assets | $25,000 | $25,000 | $25,000 | $25,000 | $25,000 | $25,000 | $25,000 | $25,000 | $25,000 | $25,000 | $25,000 | $25,000 | $25,000 |
Total Assets | $133,300 | $126,143 | $117,422 | $108,701 | $99,980 | $98,189 | $92,878 | $96,280 | $118,437 | $120,989 | $123,060 | $130,252 | $152,124 |
Liabilities and Capital | Month 1 | Month 2 | Month 3 | Month 4 | Month 5 | Month 6 | Month 7 | Month 8 | Month 9 | Month 10 | Month 11 | Month 12 | |
Current Liabilities | |||||||||||||
Accounts Payable | $3,000 | $4,563 | $4,563 | $4,563 | $4,563 | $6,593 | $6,311 | $8,341 | $14,566 | $11,086 | $9,926 | $11,086 | $15,726 |
Current Borrowing | $16,000 | $16,000 | $16,000 | $16,000 | $16,000 | $16,000 | $16,000 | $16,000 | $16,000 | $16,000 | $16,000 | $16,000 | $16,000 |
Other Current Liabilities | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 |
Subtotal Current Liabilities | $19,000 | $20,563 | $20,563 | $20,563 | $20,563 | $22,593 | $22,311 | $24,341 | $30,566 | $27,086 | $25,926 | $27,086 | $31,726 |
Long-term Liabilities | $45,000 | $45,000 | $45,000 | $45,000 | $45,000 | $45,000 | $45,000 | $45,000 | $45,000 | $45,000 | $45,000 | $45,000 | $45,000 |
Total Liabilities | $64,000 | $65,563 | $65,563 | $65,563 | $65,563 | $67,593 | $67,311 | $69,341 | $75,566 | $72,086 | $70,926 | $72,086 | $76,726 |
Paid-in Capital | $100,000 | $100,000 | $100,000 | $100,000 | $100,000 | $100,000 | $100,000 | $101,500 | $103,000 | $103,000 | $103,000 | $103,000 | $103,000 |
Retained Earnings | ($30,700) | ($30,700) | ($30,700) | ($30,700) | ($30,700) | ($30,700) | ($30,700) | ($30,700) | ($30,700) | ($30,700) | ($30,700) | ($30,700) | ($30,700) |
Earnings | $0 | ($8,721) | ($17,442) | ($26,163) | ($34,883) | ($38,704) | ($43,733) | ($43,861) | ($29,429) | ($23,398) | ($20,166) | ($14,134) | $3,097 |
Total Capital | $69,300 | $60,579 | $51,858 | $43,138 | $34,417 | $30,596 | $25,567 | $26,939 | $42,871 | $48,902 | $52,134 | $58,166 | $75,398 |
Total Liabilities and Capital | $133,300 | $126,143 | $117,422 | $108,701 | $99,980 | $98,189 | $92,878 | $96,280 | $118,437 | $120,989 | $123,060 | $130,252 | $152,124 |
Net Worth | $69,300 | $60,579 | $51,858 | $43,138 | $34,417 | $30,596 | $25,568 | $26,939 | $42,871 | $48,903 | $52,134 | $58,166 | $75,398 |
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Jacqulyn A. Baughman, Iowa State University
Copyright Year: 2023
Publisher: Iowa State University
Language: English
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About the book.
A collection of readings and exercises aligned with the course, ME 270, Introduction to Mechanical Engineering Design, at Iowa State University. This course provides an overview of mechanical engineering design with applications to thermal and mechanical systems, and an introduction to current design practices used in industry.
Dr. Jacqulyn A. Baughman , Iowa State University
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Studying the recent advancements in Industrial Engineering stream, we have tried to examine the trend and behavior of an industry before it is actually commissioned and erected. A need of a detailed plan describing its whereabouts, its capacity, and behavior as well as expense in terms of area, money and parameters like marketability, budget and need of human resource is felt. So, we have tried to develop a detailed business plan according to which the future of industry can be forecasted. We have incorporated various parameters used as a tool in industrial engineering.
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IAEME Publication
The study on Stereolithography Apparatus (SLA) and Selective Laser Sintering (SLS) technologies deals with experimentation and finding out the material which is having the good mechanical properties irrespective of their layer manufacturing techniques. The material which was selected for the experimentation was Accura 60 material to build on SLA system and Duraform PA/Nylon material to build on SLS system. The prototypes which were built using Accura 60 and Duraform PA/Nylon were then subjected to various experiments like tension test, compression test, and hardness test. The SEM images were taken on the fractured surface of the test specimens to study the internal structural bonding and the cause for the fracture to occur on that surface. The result of experimentation displays the material which is having the good mechanical property compared to other.
Sanadi Akshath
The biggest problem faced by the energy managers and end users in implementing latest energy efficiency technologies include lack of awareness and inability to justify financial requirements associated with the procurement of the latest technologies. Energy companies to stay ahead of the developments have to pay constant attention to building and maintaining their networks and are constantly looking for cost-saving possibilities. Information and communications technology is helping for responding to these challenges. This paper discusses the latest developments in eliminating losses in energy utilities and highlights various areas of applications of energy efficiency enhancement by reducing mechanical losses.
This paper deals with the design of Computer Aided Process Planning (CAPP) for manufacturing a Casing Cover Plate, which requires machining on inside and outside considering the desired fit. CAPP is designed by using the Siemen’s developed NX 7.5 software. The design considers the different aspects of the Process planning activities to convert the given 2 D drawing into a final manufactured product. The factors include the following: Layered Manufacturing, interpretation of product design data, selection of machining processes, selection of cutting tools, selection of machine tools, determination of setup requirements, sequencing of operations, determination of the production tolerances, determination of the cutting conditions, design of jigs and fixtures, tool path planning & NC program generation and generation of process route sheets
process parameters, combined with lower penetration of manufacturing automation and shortage of skilled workers compared to other industries. Global buyers demand defect-free castings and strict delivery schedule, which foundries are finding it very difficult to meet. Casting defects result in increased unit cost and lower morale of shop floor personnel. The defects need to be diagnosed correctly for appropriate remedial measures, otherwise new defects may be introduced. Unfortunately, this is not an easy task, since casting process involves complex interactions among various parameters and operations related to metal composition, methods design, molding, melting, pouring, shake-out, fettling and machining. For example, if shrinkage porosity is identified as gas porosity, and the pouring temperature is lowered to reduce the same, it may lead to another defect, namely cold shut. In this work, we present a 3-step approach to casting defect identification, analysis and rectification. The defects are classified in terms of their appearance, size, location, consistency, discovery stage and inspection method. This helps in correct identification of the defects.
Taper roller bearing is widely used in the different industries. So there is need to demand for the taper roller bearing. It has four components outer race, inner race cage and roller. The main function of Cage is to maintain rolling element at a uniform pitch, so load is never applied directly to the cage. Cage is manufactured by three ways pressed cage, machine cage, and molded cage. But mostly cage is manufactured by power press. In manufacturing of cage pocketing operation is required as per the number of pockets. In existing situation single pocket is produced in a single stroke of power press. So it has to go for the number of stroke as equal to number of pocket so production time is more for cage manufacturing. In proposed method of manufacturing for cage multi pocketing is performed in a single stroke of power press. Due to that production time for cage is reduced and productivity is increased
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Related topics.
Proposal maker.
For some reason, engineering project proposals are drawn up. There are several engineering project proposals for you to convince potential sponsors , financial institutions, and creditors. Some engineering project proposals are also put forward that enables engineers’ plans to be taken into account and approved by the company management to work or the customers who want to obtain services. A proposed engineering project is indeed a conceptual proposal so that the engineer’s specific ideas for a particular project of engineering reflect and present them.
1. mechanical engineering project proposal.
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Mechanical engineers build devices that produce power such as electric motors, internal combustion engines, steam and gas turbines, and electricity-using machines such as cooling and air conditioning systems. In the interior of buildings, mechanical engineers design other devices, such as lifts and escalators. You can also check the development project proposals .
You must complete your proposal before the deadline. A proposal submitted close to the deadline may be riddled with errors and incoherent. It is possible that presenting such a proposal will harm the pitch and lead to its rejection. Furthermore, this may appear unprofessional to the audience, jeopardizing any future opportunities for the proposing team. Always set aside time to proofread and review your proposal. When it comes to putting the finishing touches on a proposal, there are a few things to keep in mind. You can also check the professional proposals .
Specific proposals have a maximum page count. When a proposal exceeds the page limit, the simplest solution is to reduce the font size. This is not recommended, as it will only make the proposal more difficult and irritating to read. Utilize this extra page as an opportunity to eliminate superfluous words from the proposal. A good proposal is concise and direct while still providing all necessary details and information. You can also check service proposals .
The reason is self-evident and was mentioned earlier. It is essential to keep in mind that the charts and graphs in the proposal are clear and readable. Furthermore, ensure that the format is in the form provided by the requestor.
In addition to you doing the proofreading, have someone outside your field read your proposal. Allowing someone outside your area to read your proposal can help you assess its clarity and flow. Remember that the proposal’s audience will not be all experts in the field, and as such, it is critical to write one that is not so technical that the pitch gets lost in a sea of jargon. You can also visit the proposal examples .
The first impression of the proposal will be the executive summary. Make sure it is clear, concise, and exciting in particular. You can also see templates for the project development proposal. You can also look at proposal memo examples .
Often, a project proposal will include a Gantt chart outlining the Project’s resources, tasks, and schedule. Deliverables for the Project This section contains a list of all the deliverables you anticipate seeing once the Project is complete.
A proposal is a suggestion for people to consider and decide on a plan or an idea, usually formal or written.
A renewal proposal is an application for additional support for the period following a standard or ongoing subsidy. All other suggestions come under competition from a renewal proposal and must be developed so thoroughly as if the proposer were first to apply.
When it comes to preparing the document, having the right mindset and completing an outstanding engineering proposal project can be highly beneficial. Feel free to use the downloadable examples, tips, and guidelines to help you use your time and effort more efficiently when creating an engineering proposal project .
Text prompt
Generate a proposal for a new school recycling program
Compose a proposal for a school field trip to a science museum.
COMMENTS
A complete engineering business plan PDF template. This fill-in-the-blanks template includes every section of your business plan, including Executive Summary, Objectives, SWOT Analysis, Marketing Analysis and Strategy, Operations Plan, Financial Projections and more (a similar template is sold elsewhere for $69.95). All this and much much more.
A Sample Mechanical Engineering Firm Business Plan Template. 1. Industry Overview. The engineering industry isn't doing so well as demand fell due to the fall of oil prices in 2015. This action caused the industry to not only slow down but to cancel on major projects in the case of the crunch. Asides cancellation of projects, most firms in ...
Download this free engineering business plan template, with pre-filled examples, to create your own plan. Download Now Or plan with professional support in LivePlan. Save 50% today ... Download as PDF Finish your business plan with confidence. Step-by-step guidance and world-class support from the #1 business planning software. Get 50% off ...
Business Initiatives of Machinery, Equipment & Infrastructure Domain. ・Expand scale and earnings of growth businesses. ・Accelerate promotion of PMI at the established joint ventures. ・Restructure and integrate small/medium-scale businesses. Implementing effective and achievable measures to support the foundation of MHI group's growth in ...
This template is specifically designed to help mechanical engineering firms and individual engineers create a comprehensive roadmap for success. With ClickUp's business plan template, you can: Outline your goals, strategies, and financial projections. Secure funding and attract clients with a professional, well-structured plan.
This guidebook provides step-by-step instructions on how to create each section of your business plan, as well as helpful tips and examples to ensure that your plan is thorough and effective. With our template and guidebook, you can confidently put together a solid business plan to help you achieve your engineering business goals.
4. Quality. Quality is achieved not just by the use of materials but also the kind of people that are part of the team. If your materials are good, but you do not have an excellent team, then the quality of materials will just be wasted in the output.You may also like business operational plan examples. 5.
Use This Template. Make a lasting impression and drive your engineering company's success with this professional business plan template. Articulate vital business elements such as your company's vision, objectives, SWOT analysis, and financial forecast with this clean and sophisticated template designed for engineering companies.
A business plan has 2 main parts: a financial forecast outlining the funding requirements of your mechanical engineering consulting firm and the expected growth, profits and cash flows for the next 3 to 5 years; and a written part which gives the reader the information needed to decide if they believe the forecast is achievable.
Mechanical Engineering Department at the University of California, Berkeley. His area of expertise is on MEMS, NEMS and CAD design. He will be working on the design and implementation of the hardware for EzPARK. Sinem Coleri, Electrical Engineer - Sinem Coleri is also a 4th year Ph. D. student at the
The three year goals for Compton Geotechnical Associates (CGA) are the following: Achieve break-even by year two. Establish long-term contracts with at least four clients. Establish a minimum of a 95% customer satisfaction rate to establish long-term relationships with our clients and create word-of-mouth marketing.
Description of the Business. Doors to the World manufactures custom wooden doors and windows, primarily for residential construction. Doors (solid wood, wood/glass or wood/brass) account for 90% of gross sales while wood-frame windows account for 10%. Our products are sold to Southern Ontario retailers with an increasing portion going to exports.
A collection of readings and exercises aligned with the course, ME 270, Introduction to Mechanical Engineering Design, at Iowa State University. This course provides an overview of mechanical engineering design with applications to thermal and mechanical systems, and an introduction to current design practices used in industry.
Download Free PDF. Download Free PDF. ... So, we have tried to develop a detailed business plan according to which the future of industry can be forecasted. We have incorporated various parameters used as a tool in industrial engineering. ... International Journal of Mechanical Engineering Technology (IJMET), ENGINEERING ISSN 0976 - 6340 ...
this work. It primarily addresses all those business people who have not been able to consider this complex of questions. It is intended to form the basis for future activities of the VDMA in the field of modern company management in mechanical engineering. Verein Deutscher Maschinenbau-Anstalten e.V. (VDMA) President Chief Executive Officer
Architect, Civil and MEP are the three gears of most Projects, we will be explaining herein by how to plan and put your roper schedule for MEP works, MEP Engineer is a single-level professional classification responsible for planning and design in the areas of mechanical, electrical, and plumbing (MEP) systems including developing
ME 270: Introduction to Mechanical Engineering Design (3 Cr.) Prereq: M E 160 or equivalent, M E 170 or equivalent, PHYS 221. Course Description: Overview of mechanical engineering design with applications to thermal and mechanical systems. Introduction to current design practices used in industry.
For some reason, engineering project proposals are drawn up. There are several engineering project proposals for you to convince potential sponsors, financial institutions, and creditors.Some engineering project proposals are also put forward that enables engineers' plans to be taken into account and approved by the company management to work or the customers who want to obtain services.
Four Year Plan - B.S. in Mechanical Engineering (p. 1) Four Year Plan - B.S. in Mechanical Engineering Freshman Year First Semester Credits CHEM 121 General Chemistry I 1 3 CHEM 121L General Chemistry I Laboratory 1 1 ENGL 110 College Composition I 1 3 MATH 165 Calculus I 1 4 ME 101 Introduction to Mechanical Engineering 1,2 3 Arts and ...
business interruptions, why far too many SMBs don't have a solid business necessary steps you can take to get prepared. A ompetent Disaster Recovery Plan Is a Must Often misconceived as a problem for the "big guys," business continuity is a concern for engineering firms of all sizes - whether you have 5 or 5,000 employees.