phd in higher education salary

8 Careers You Can Pursue With a Doctorate in Education

Industry Advice Education

By earning a Doctor of Education (EdD) degree, you’re preparing yourself for a career with lasting impact—on students, on the future of a college or university, on your community, or on the trajectory of a nonprofit trying to improve other communities locally and abroad.

You’re also positioning yourself for advancement. Professionals who earn an EdD are qualified for roles leading and operating schools at the elementary, high school, or college level. They learn to lead in a way that can be effective at the front of a classroom or at the ground level of an organization.

An EdD signals to employers that you’re a thought leader; that you’re someone who’s demonstrated the capacity to identify a problem, examine issues from multiple perspectives, and offer relevant insights for practical solutions. With your doctorate in hand, you’re prepared to take on a leadership role across a variety of industries.

Here’s a look at the types of positions EdD graduates pursue and eight of the top careers available in the field. 

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What types of positions do EdD students pursue?

Northeastern’s EdD students cultivate their leadership skills in the program by integrating practice and insights from experienced faculty and high-achieving peers . They come from diverse fields, including business, criminal justice, healthcare, military, human services, and the nonprofit sector. Their job titles and careers are just as diverse, with students working as policymakers, systems analysts, and administrative leaders within higher education institutions, nonprofit organizations, and governmental agencies.

Top careers for doctor of education graduates

1. college president.

Median annual salary: $332,655

Presidents are the top leaders of a college or university. They establish and execute their school’s strategic vision, spearhead fundraising, attend student events, and deliver speeches to a variety of constituents, such as donors, lawmakers, government, and faculty, to raise the profile of the institution both locally and abroad. They also collaborate with senior administrators, faculty, and staff to devise new ways to support students and improve their learning environment while maintaining high academic standards. Depending on the type of public or private institution they lead, college presidents can earn impressive seven-figure salaries . 

2. Chief learning officer

Median annual salary: $156,399

In education, top executive roles include positions like “chief learning officer”—a senior-level professional who develops and drives strategies that help their college or university meet critical business goals. Chief learning officers (CLOs) focus on creating strategies for training, learning, and development, and typically oversee an insitution’s latest technologies, such as its online learning platform.

Median annual salary: $169,093

A provost—or vice president, depending on the college or university—is a senior-level academic administrator who tends to be second in command after the president. Provosts work closely with deans and department heads and help determine their institution’s academic goals and priorities, as well as how to allocate the resources necessary to support those initiatives. They often oversee daily operations and work to hire and retain a diverse faculty. 

4. School superintendent

Median annual salary: $145,399

Superintendents are the top executives of a school district. They’re responsible for establishing and overseeing their district’s budget, staffing, infrastructure, and spending. Superintendents collaborate closely with a school board to develop and implement new policies and programs in line with the district’s short- and long-term goals, as well as allocate the financial and human resources necessary to achieve the district’s overarching vision.

5. Elementary, middle, or high school principal

Median annual salary: $104,360

Principals oversee the daily operations of an elementary, middle, or high school. They hire teachers and staff, manage the budget, and enforce disciplinary rules when necessary. Principals also develop and assess educational programming aimed at achieving student learning outcomes, all while striving to create and maintain a positive learning environment. More than 20,000 principal positions are expected to emerge each year between 2022 and 2032, according to the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics .

A principal’s salary might differ depending on whether he or she works at an elementary, middle, or high school. According to PayScale, the median wages for principals at each level are:

• Elementary school : $90,571
• Middle school : $107,411
• High school : $96,733

6. Academic dean

Median annual salary: $101,707

Deans work at the senior administrative level of a college or university. The role varies depending on the institution, but deans often manage faculty and staff, set academic goals, implement strategic planning, oversee their department’s budget, help fundraise, support research initiatives, and foster student development. Some departments you might find them in are:

• Admissions : Those working in admissions develop and lead recruitment initiatives for a college or university. They evaluate applications, decide the number of students who should be admitted to the school, determine who those students should be, and communicate with prospects and their families.
• Research : A dean of research often oversees faculty and collaborates with them to create a strategy for developing short- and long-term research initiatives. They also work to secure research funding, oversee the research budget, and establish key industry partnerships.
• Student affairs : The student affairs office typically oversees a variety of different departments, such as residence life, athletics, student support services, and diversity and inclusion. A dean of student affairs typically establishes and evaluates nonacademic programs that foster and enrich the student student experience, handles disciplinary issues, and communicates with students’ parents or legal guardians.
• Advancement : The advancement office—also known as “development” or “alumni relations” depending on the school—is responsible for securing funding for the college or university from potential donors, including alumni, government policymakers, corporations, and foundations. They nurture and maintain those relationships, ensuring all gifts received are being used as intended.

7. Professor

Median annual salary: $87,380

Postsecondary teachers, or professors, work at the college or university level, developing course curricula, instructing students in a specific area of study, and assessing their progress. When they’re not teaching, professors are often conducting research, writing scholarly papers, or attending conferences.

Professors’ salaries vary based on where they are on the tenure track and their area of expertise. Below are the median salaries for professors based on rank, according to PayScale.:

• Instructor : $54,325
• Lecturer: $59,676
• Assistant professor : $75,696
• Associate professor : $86,123
• Professor : $92,393

Salaries range further depending on the professor’s focus. According to the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics , the top 10 highest-paying subjects—and what those subjects offer in terms of median annual wage—are:

• Law : $127,360
• Economics : $115,300
• Engineering : $106,910
• Architecture : $105,770
• Health specialties : $105,650
• Forestry and conservation science : $101,650
• Atmospheric, earth, marine, and space science : $100,690
• Physics : $98,020
• Business : $97,130
• Computer science : $96,430

8. Executive director of education

Median annual salary: $100,350

Executive directors are often the senior leaders of a nonprofit organization or business. They work closely with a board of directors but are the ones who make the daily operational decisions. Executive directors hire and manage staff, handle external relations, engage volunteers, oversee the budget—including all fundraising initiatives—and develop policies, programs, and strategies that guide the organization’s mission and purpose. 

What can you do with an EdD from Northeastern?

When you earn your EdD from Northeastern , you’re not only advancing your own work, you’re joining a top-tier university and pursuing a rigorous education with an entrepreneurial orientation toward making our world a better place. You’re joining a vast network of students and alumni of the EdD program, which spans more than 2,000 professionals across many domains of education. You’re gaining access to engaging faculty who understand the importance of professional experiences in a growing leadership capacity, and who are prepared to offer you personal attention to support your professional development.

With your EdD, you can make a difference in the lives of children, communities, and organizations as you transform your problem of practice into a plan for change and action.

Editor’s Note: This article was originally published in September 2017. It has since been updated for accuracy and relevance. 

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About shayna joubert, related articles.

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How much do edd graduates make, did you know.

The median annual salary for professional degree holders is $97,000. (BLS, 2020)

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Highest Paying Doctorate Degrees [2024 Guide]

We’ve identified the 25 highest paying doctorate degrees. Compare salaries and job prospects.

Completing a PhD may open up doors in terms of career advancement. Plus, it may not take as long as you think to complete if you enroll in the shortest doctoral programs.

Editorial Listing ShortCode:

The following list contains the highest paying doctorate degrees along with career outlook and job growth statistics.

25 Highest Paying Doctorate Degrees

All career statistics and salary data are provided by the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics .

Click on the area of study you’re interested in to jump to that section.

Aerospace Engineering

Chemical engineering, pharmacology, business administration, cybersecurity, electrical engineering, data science, biochemistry, information security assurance, biomedical engineering, information technology and computer science, occupational therapy, criminal justice, engineering, organic chemistry.

While all of these industries are growing, some provide better job prospects than others.

• Annual Median Salary (Bureau of Labor Statistics): $208,000
• Job Growth: 4%

One of the more specialized high paying doctorate programs is in immunology. Immunology is the study of disease prevention and immunity. Due to the specialized nature of the study here, jobs are typically well paid and much more specific.

A person who has studied immunology may be expected to work in research or academia but is also likely to land high-paying roles within the medical industry and at hospitals. The demand for this area of expertise is also rising faster than the average job growth, meaning there should be plenty of opportunities for graduates.

A PhD in immunology is a lot of hard work and is, therefore, suited to someone who already has considerable experience working in the medical industry. Those with an academic background in medicine should consider applying for an immunology program.

• Annual Median Salary (Bureau of Labor Statistics): $129,850
• Job Growth: 7%

Of the three main sciences, physics can be the one that is the most fruitful for taking a doctorate. People who take a PhD in physics are likely to land themselves a position as either a researcher or a professor.

There are also several other high paying positions that are possible for someone who takes this career path, including more specialized roles or becoming lead physicists and consultants.

Physics is also one of the job markets that is predicted to see a considerable amount of growth for the next 10 years. Pursuing a physics doctorate can be perfect for someone who already has experience in physics or someone who already has either a bachelor’s or master’s degree in the subject combined with some practical experience.

• Annual Median Salary (Bureau of Labor Statistics): $118,610
• Job Growth: 3%

Aerospace engineering is a field that would likely attract those who already have a background in either science or engineering. It is one of the fastest growing industries in the world, and demand for jobs is expected to increase as the years roll by. So the length it takes to get a PhD should be taken into consideration so you can quickly enter this field during its booming growth.

The doctorate focuses on the engineering of various different types of spacecraft and can be incredibly demanding. According to the Bureau of Labor Statistics, the salary potential for this field is as high as $171,220.

• Annual Median Salary (Bureau of Labor Statistics): $110,860

Math may not be the glamorous subject to study at doctorate level, but it can open up a wide range of potentially lucrative career options.

Math can allow students to work in various sectors of the economy and business, and they may also work in research or as a math lecturer or professor at a top university.

• Annual Median Salary (Bureau of Labor Statistics): $109,760
• Job Growth: 5%

Taking a doctorate in management can be a logical step in the career of someone who has a history of working in business, project management, or the economy as well as several other sectors.

Earning this doctorate can open up chief executive roles within companies and roles like chief operations officer and supply chain management. It may also lead to regional and national management roles.

• Annual Median Salary (Bureau of Labor Statistics): $108,540

Another engineering-based field that presents doctorate students with some big money career options is chemical engineering. The field combines a number of different disciplines, including all of the sciences, math, and statistics, as well as engineering.

It is a complex doctorate to take, but the rewards may be worth the effort, with the Bureau of Labor Statistics showing salaries up to $168,960 available in this field.

• Annual Median Salary (Bureau of Labor Statistics): $108,350
• Job Growth: 14%

One of the most popular PhDs to take is in economics. Economics is a social science that studies and theories about the production and consumption of goods and the effect that this has on society and the economy.

Taking a PhD in economics may open up a lot of doors. Working in the financial sector is usually lucrative, and a doctorate in economics can help give you an edge over competitors in what is a notoriously feisty industry. Top earners can make around $198,230 per year.

Economics analysis is a skill that is highly sought after, especially in the medical, legal, and education sectors.

While on the face of it, some people may believe that studying economics leaves you consigned to an office for the majority of your working life, the reality is that it can open up a lot of doors in a lot of different sectors. It may also provide you with a lot of travel opportunities and chances to meet new people.

A doctorate in economics may be perfect for someone who already has some experience in the field or for someone who has studied economics, math, finance, or business to a higher level and wants to take the next step in their academic and professional career.

• Annual Median Salary (Bureau of Labor Statistics): $107,270
• Job Growth: 6%

Pharmacology is big business these days, and taking a doctorate in the subject may lead to some lucrative opportunities. It is expected that someone who wants to study pharmacology will have a background in the subject with a master’s degree being heavily preferred.

There are a lot of pre-requisites for getting onto a pharmacology doctorate program, but the Bureau of Labor Statistics is showing salaries going as high as $164,980.

• Annual Median Salary (Bureau of Labor Statistics): $103,650

Getting a doctorate in business administration can open up a lot of doors. Students who end up taking their doctorate in business administration often end up working as leading and chief executives as well as entrepreneurs and financial advisors.

According to the Bureau of Labor Statistics, salaries for someone with a doctorate in this field can be as high as $208,000. It can be ideal for someone who has a background in business or economics who wants to take the next step in their career.

• Annual Median Salary (Bureau of Labor Statistics): $103,590
• Job Growth: 31%

As the world of IT continues to grow, so does the demand for more and more cybersecurity. The field is one of the fastest-growing in the world, and getting a doctorate in the subject may land you a range of different high paying jobs.

According to the Bureau of Labor Statistics, roles like IT managers can offer doctorates a salary of up to $208,000. This sector is also constantly growing, and as such, the demand and the salaries should continue to grow as time passes.

• Annual Median Salary (Bureau of Labor Statistics): $100,830

When it comes to job demand, electrical engineering is one of the safest career paths to go down. Electrical engineering has a huge impact on our day-to-day lives.

Most of our day-to-day electrical appliances exist as a result of electrical engineering, and taking a doctorate in the field may open the door to some pretty lucrative research and project management positions. It is advised that someone who takes a PhD in electrical engineering already have practical experience in the field.

• Annual Median Salary (Bureau of Labor Statistics): $98,490

A doctorate in education can open up a lot of different career options in that sector. A lot of doctors of education end up working in either research or in top positions at schools as principals and superintendents.

According to the Bureau of Labor Statistics, the average salary for someone working in education administration with a doctorate is around the $199,400 mark. A number of doctor of education programs do not require a dissertation .

• Annual Median Salary (Bureau of Labor Statistics): $98,230

Data is quickly becoming the most valuable commodity on the planet, and as such, the demand for data specialists and researchers is growing at an impressive rate.

Data science doctorates offer a gateway into these positions, and they usually come with some pretty high salaries. According to the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, salary for a data scientist can go as high as $165,230, and with this field ever-expanding, the demand for these positions should continue to increase.

• Annual Median Salary (Bureau of Labor Statistics): $94,270

Biochemists study the chemical and physical makeup of living organisms. Due to the specialized nature of the subject, research positions in this sector typically pay incredibly well.

According to the Bureau of Labor Statistics, biochemist doctorates can start out at around $67,710 but can increase up to $169,860 or more. This doctorate may suit someone with a background in chemistry or some other science discipline.

• Annual Median Salary (Bureau of Labor Statistics): $92,870

Information assurance is a new discipline that has been created as a result of the times we live in. Information assurance is effectively another type of cybersecurity that is designed to protect people’s data from third parties and other potentially dangerous sources.

A background in any sort of computer or data-related field can be ideal for getting onto an information assurance course. Due to the increasing demand for data protection, jobs in this sector can be particularly lucrative, and the demand for these jobs is expected to increase as time rolls on.

The demand for experts in this industry is very high and is only predicted to grow over the next decade.

• Annual Median Salary (Bureau of Labor Statistics): $92,620

Biomedical engineering is becoming an incredibly popular field of research. It is an ever-growing and developing industry, and as such, the demand for expertise in the area is on the rise.

Getting a PhD in biomedical engineering is likely to secure you a lucrative research job for a university or a job in a hospital or the medical industry. According to the Bureau of Labor Statistics, an average salary in this field for a senior position ranges from $127,980 to $169,860.

• Annual Median Salary (Bureau of Labor Statistics): $92,270
• Job Growth: 35%

Statistics is one of the most versatile doctorates available today. Statistics are used in a wide range of different sectors, including finance, research, business, health care, government, and many others.

A doctorate in statistics can be ideal for someone who has a background in math or business. According to the Bureau of Labor Statistics, the top salary for someone working in statistics can be as high as $150,840.

• Annual Median Salary (Bureau of Labor Statistics): $91,250
• Job Growth: 11%

The world of IT is constantly growing, and as it does, the demand for experts grows with it. Getting a doctorate in information technology and computer science can be an incredibly lucrative career move, with the Bureau of Labor Statistics showing top earners taking home as high as $208,00.

The jobs that can be accessed, such as chief technology officers or research roles within the industry, tend to be incredibly well-paid. This doctorate attracts people who have backgrounds in IT-related fields, such as computer science or computer programming.

• Annual Median Salary (Bureau of Labor Statistics): $86,280
• Job Growth: 16%

For someone who already has experience working in occupational therapy, earning a doctorate in the field can be a huge benefit. Not only can it open the door for them to move up in the industry, but it can also expand their knowledge of the subject area.

It can provide them with theory-based research while also working on their leadership and management skills. According to the Bureau of Labor Statistics, occupational therapists holding a doctorate degree may reach a salary as high as $122,670.

The job growth for this doctorate is also incredibly high, which means it may be an excellent career path to enter in terms of job security.

• Annual Median Salary (Bureau of Labor Statistics): $86,110

The number of career options that are available to someone who has a doctorate in criminal justice is typically vast. Working as a criminologist, a criminal justice researcher, or a federal law agency admin can earn graduates a lot of money.

This course of study is best suited for someone who already has real-world experience working in the criminal justice or law sector.

• Annual Median Salary (Bureau of Labor Statistics): $83,160

Engineering jobs are almost always in demand, and while there are a lot of high paying jobs available for those who have an undergraduate or master’s degree, taking a doctorate in the field can really help you advance your career.

An engineering degree is already one of the highest paying associate degrees , highest paying bachelor degrees , as well as one of the highest paying masters degrees , but the doctorate can be perfect for someone who already has experience working in engineering and wants to take that next step in their career.

A director of engineering job title and other project management positions may offer some very high salaries, about $208,000 or more, according to the Bureau of Labor Statistics.

• Annual Median Salary (Bureau of Labor Statistics): $82,180

With the stigma around mental health finally disappearing, the demand for jobs in psychology is on the rise. While a normal degree or masters in psychology may allow you to get jobs as a psychiatrist or a psychologist, higher-paying positions can become available following a doctorate.

It may also open up roles in research and as a university lecturer in the subject. The doctorate is suited to someone who already has their masters in psychology or who has a significant amount of experience working in the field.

• Annual Median Salary (Bureau of Labor Statistics): $80,790
• Job Growth: 9%

Getting a degree in philosophy can potentially lead to a surprisingly lucrative career in research or working as a lecturer. The doctorate is suited for someone who wants to work in research and who has a background in philosophy or religious studies.

According to the Bureau of Labor Statistics, salaries in this field are around $80,790 per year working in a research role, and up to $180,360 for college professors.

• Annual Median Salary (Bureau of Labor Statistics): $79,300

Organic chemistry, perhaps more than any of the other sciences, can open up a lot of different career options for doctorates. As well as research and academic positions, someone who studies organic chemistry may be able to land a job in a number of different areas, including geology, the pharmaceutical industry, and engineering.

Organic chemistry is a notoriously difficult subject to study, though, so it is vital that you have a solid background in chemistry and some work experience before attempting to join the program. According to the Bureau of Labor Statistics, salaries can go as high as $139,650 in this field.

• Annual Median Salary (Bureau of Labor Statistics): $69,000
• Job Growth: 2%

A doctorate in English can open a range of different academic doors for potential students. A PhD in English may be perfect for someone who already has an academic background in the subject and can also be perfect for qualified teachers and writers looking to take the next step in their career.

According to the Bureau of Labor Statistics, a doctorate in English may qualify you for a potential career in a lecturing position with salaries as high as $180,360, as well as positions within the publishing industry.

What Are the Different Types of Doctorate Degrees?

There are six common types of terminal degrees.

• Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) – Traditionally reserved for those who want to remain in the world of academia, Ph.D. degrees focus on maximizing your ability to impart this advanced knowledge to incoming students. Outside of teaching, Ph.D. candidates also focus on pushing the limits of research and theoretical study within their chosen fields.
• Doctor of Business Administration (DBA) – The DBA experience is all about turning your terminal research in the areas of finance, marketing, accounting, and other related fields into applicable real-world skills. DBA graduates traditionally work in the corporate sector as executive officers and other ranking members of various managerial teams.
• Doctor of Psychology (PsyD) – PsyD students aim to provide clinical services within a wide range of settings, including group, familial, medical, scholastic, and even corporate environments. Earning this degree can give you the power to serve as a practicing clinician or specialized counselor.
• Doctor of Education (EdD) – Capturing an EdD degree is the first step toward a leadership role within the corporate and administrative side of the education field. Working as a principal, district supervisor, or even regional superintendent all fit into the professional path of this degree.
• Doctor of Social Work (DSW) – If you’re interested in educating others on the best practices and leading theories of modern social work and community interaction, then a DSW program could be your option. Holders of this degree research and educate others in the social work field via hands-on training in the classroom and the office, as well as provide answers and guidance in unique or exceptional social issue cases.
• Doctor of Public Health (DPH) – Like most of the other degrees in this review, earning a DPH is all about the desire to lead others in a chosen workplace environment. In this case, that means maintaining residency as an administrator or public health coordinator at a hospital or a similar clinical setting.

The type of doctorate degree you will want to earn depends on your career goals and primarily whether you want to teach the subject or continue working in your field.

Campus or Online: Which One Is Right for You?

It’s no big secret that whichever doctorate route you choose, you will most likely be rewarded for your hard work and research via ample compensation. However, you can make this process a little easier on yourself by focusing on a path – either online or on-campus – that suits your unique needs and daily requirements.

While the appeal of the traditional college experience is the major selling point for the on-campus approach, working on your degree from home is a flexible alternative that can shape and mold itself to your current personal and professional schedule by allowing you to work on your research and coursework at your own pace.

Adding in that these doctorate programs often waive Graduate Record Examination (GRE) minimum scores based on your GPA, as well as reduce or completely remove residency requirements, is further proof that this approach is at least worth your consideration as you plan out your academic future.

Questions Related to Earning a Doctorate

Here are our answers to a few more questions you might have.

How Much Do PhD Graduates Earn?

PhD Graduates make on average close to $100,000, with some job positions paying nearer the $70,000 mark and others going well about $208,000 (Bureau of Labor Statistics).

There may be some who question whether it is worth taking the time to invest in a PhD. Doctorate programs require a lot of time and effort, but studies suggest that PhD students typically earn more and find it easier to attract higher-paying jobs than those with just an undergraduate or a master’s degree.

What Are the Highest Paying Degrees?

A lot of degrees can lead to well-paying jobs. The more specialized a degree is in a certain field, the higher the chances are that it will be well paying. These degrees currently tend to be those in the engineering sector, as these are the ones that offer the most in-demand jobs.

What Is the Highest Paying PhD Degrees?

Once again, this one will depend on how specialized your PhD is and how in-demand that expertise is at a given time. Engineering PhDs tend to be evergreen, while there is an increasing demand for those with PhDs and knowledge in computer science and other IT related subjects.

PhDs usually provide those who have them with a lot of the highest paying jobs opportunities.

Are There Any Degrees Higher than a PhD?

No, there are no higher degrees than a PhD.

A PhD, also regularly referred to as just a doctorate, is as high as you can go academically. It is a specialized research doctorate that demonstrates a high level of expertise in a field. Most people who obtain their PhD tend to stay on at universities as either a member of a research team or as a lecturer.

Do you need a masters to get a PhD ? While many PhD programs require you to earn a masters first, it is possible to earn your PhD without having earned a masters. These are the direct entry bachelor’s to PhD programs offered by some universities.

Getting Your Doctorate Degree

It is important that you take the time to do your research into what doctorate will help your career the most. Once you have done this, you can begin to find the right university and program for you and begin the next step in your academic and professional career.

Now that you understand your career prospects and doctorate opportunities, it’s time to lay out the blueprint for a successful future.

Outside of conducting research on each of the areas that interest you, feel free to use the search tool below to find accredited universities that offer online doctoral programs in your chosen field.

When paired up with the rest of what you’ve learned here, there’s nothing that can stop you from finding the right school – and program of study – to fit your personal and professional goals moving forward.

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PhD Salaries and Lifetime Earnings

PhDs employed across job sectors show impressive earning potential:

“…[T]here is strong evidence that advanced education levels continue to be associated with higher salaries. A study by the Georgetown Center on Education and the Workforce showed that across the fields examined, individuals with a graduate degree earned an average of 38.3% more than those with a bachelor’s degree in the same field. The expected lifetime earnings for someone without a high school degree is $973,000; with a high school diploma, $1.3 million; with a bachelor’s degree, $2.3 million; with a master’s degree, $2.7 million; and with a doctoral degree (excluding professional degrees), $3.3 million. Other data indicate that the overall unemployment rate for individuals who hold graduate degrees is far lower than for those who hold just an undergraduate degree.” - Pathways Through Graduate School and Into Careers , Council of Graduate Schools (CGS) and Educational Testing Service (ETS), pg. 3.

Average salaries by educational level and degree (data from the US Census Bureau, American Community Survey 2009-2011, courtesy of the Georgetown University Center on Education and the Workforce):

The Bureau of Labor and Statistics reports higher earnings and lower unemployment rates for doctoral degree holders in comparison to those with master’s and bachelor’s degrees:

According to national studies, more education translates not only to higher earnings, but also higher levels of job success and job satisfaction:

“Educational attainment – the number of years a person spends in school – strongly predicts adult earnings, and also predicts health and civic engagement. Moreover, individuals with higher levels of education appear to gain more knowledge and skills on the job than do those with lower levels of education and they are able, to some extent, to transfer what they learn across occupations.” - Education for Life and Work (2012), National Research Council of the National Academies, pg. 66.

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Top 10 Highest Paying PhD Degrees in 2024

The highest possible degree you can get in any field is a doctorate or a PhD. Obtaining a doctoral degree can help to greatly further your career, but unfortunately, PhDs aren’t always that easy to earn. The average time a doctoral candidate spends to receive their PhD is anywhere from seven to ten years, and during this time, it also becomes a balancing act.

However, if you manage to earn your PhD, you stand to increase your salary by a significant amount. Chances are, you might also find more opportunities in the future.

The best doctorate degrees are always the ones that you’re passionate about. But, if you find yourself asking, “what should I get my PhD in?,” this list of the highest paying PhDs might just help you out if you’re looking to have a lucrative career.

Looking to get a master’s instead? Check out: Highest Paying Master’s Degrees You Can Get in 2024

Table of Contents

What’s the Best PhD to Get?

If you’re trying to figure out the best-paid PhD, we’ve compiled a list of the top 10 fields with the highest earning potential.

Here are some quick facts:

• The PhD with the highest mid-career salary is in Chemical Engineering , with an average salary of $146,000 . This field also has a pretty good early career, with the average salary sitting at $96,100 .
• When it comes to the highest early career earnings, a PhD in Computer Science  is your best bet since the average salary is $118,000 . This field also has one of the highest $145,000 .

It’s worth noting that your earning potential in any given field can also depend on your location. For example, a doctorate in computer science might earn you more money in San Francisco or other similar tech hubs. The best PhD degrees, at least for earning potential, can depend on where you intend to work.

Here are the best PhD degrees by salary, ranked from lowest to highest.

Of course, the best doctorate degree for you depends on your particular situation. When answering the question “what should I get my PhD in?,” consider your preferences and interests as well as what you want to do in the future.

Top 10 Highest Paying PhD Degrees

The salary figures of the highest-paid PhD degrees depicted in this article were taken from PayScale and BLS.gov , based on data of those with PhDs.

10) Statistics

Salary in Early Career: $105,000

Salary in Mid Career: $131,000

BLS 2020-2030 Job Growth Outlook: 33%, much faster than average

Statisticians collect and analyze data via various statistical methods. They help various businesses, organizations, and even the healthcare industry collect and interpret data so they can solve problems, strategize, and plan ahead.

If you want a career as a statistician, you’ll need to have an undergraduate degree and a master’s degree at a minimum. Having a PhD in Statistics can help increase your earning potential by giving you an advantage over your peers.

The Bureau of Labor and Statistics (BLS) has the job outlook for mathematicians and statisticians growing by a projected 33% rate throughout 2020-2030. According to their website , this is a much faster growth rate than the average growth other fields are experiencing. It appears that statistics  qualifies for the most in-demand PhD degree — on this list, at least. Therefore we can suggest it as the best PhD for jobs, since it’ll be pretty easy to find one once you graduate.

9) Biomedical Engineering

Salary in Early Career: $88,100

Salary in Mid Career: $133,000

BLS 2020-2030 Job Growth Outlook: 6%, on the low end of average

In simple terms, biomedical engineering is the fusion of engineering, medicine, and biology. In particular, in this field, problem-solving techniques and principles used by engineering are applied to the fields of biology and medicine for healthcare. It’s an interdisciplinary field that is growing in popularity over time.

Biomedical engineering is continually evolving thanks to the constant pursuit of knowledge. Because of this, the field continues to grow and can always use people who know theory and are well versed in the life sciences.

Getting a PhD in this field can open up opportunities for you in a variety of areas. You can work in research, at universities, in manufacturing, and even in hospitals. A doctorate is required if you want to work in research or at universities.

The BLS  states that jobs in the biomedical engineering field are projected to grow at a 6% rate over the following seven years.

Salary in Early Career: $93,700

BLS 2020-2030 Job Growth Outlook: 7%, about average

If you’re interested in becoming a physicist, you’ll definitely need a PhD . Most careers for physicists, particularly in research and academia, require you to have a doctoral degree in the field. You can become a research advisor, a physics professor, a (lead) physicist, or a researcher.

According to the BLS , the job outlook for physicists is looking good. The projections are positive, sitting at a 7% increase until 2024, and this rate is on par with the average national growth rate for most occupations.

7) Engineering

Salary in Early Career: $93,600

Salary in Mid Career: $137,000

The world always needs engineers. However, a doctoral degree is not always necessary if you want to work as an engineer — unless, of course, you want to work in research. Research opportunities in the engineering field are only given to PhD candidates or graduates.

You can choose to go for a general track or a specialty such as materials science, mechanical engineering, computer engineering, and chemical engineering. If you have a PhD in engineering , you can take positions like project manager, engineering director, and specialty positions like aerospace engineer or chemical engineer.

6) Physical Chemistry

Salary in Early Career: $73,600

Salary in Mid Career: $138,000

Although the early career salary for PhD graduates of physical chemistry is one of the lowest on this list, it ramps up and is one of the highest-earning on this list in the mid-career.

But what exactly is physical chemistry?

Physical chemistry is a branch of chemistry that applies the theories and techniques of physics to chemical systems (or the study thereof). It’s the study of the behavior of matter on the atomic and molecular levels. Alongside this, physical chemistry is also the study of chemical reactions.

As a physical chemist, you’ll most likely work in labs and research facilities. These research opportunities are awarded only to those with PhDs, and a PhD can also open the door for even more lucrative careers in high-tech or materials science.

The job growth and outlook for physical chemists are below average. However, the average annual wage makes it one of the most profitable ones.

5) Pharmacology

Salary in Early Career: $75,400

Salary in Mid Career: $141,000

BLS 2020-2030 Job Growth Outlook: -2% decline

Pharmacology is the study of drugs and drug actions, or how drugs work within the body. It’s a branch of biology, medicine, and the pharmaceutical sciences. Having a PhD in pharmacology can help you find careers in research.

PhD programs  in this field often build upon other areas, such as biochemistry, molecular bio, cell bio, physiology, and neuroscience. Depending on the track you choose, you can become a researcher in a particular field.

Pharmacology can also lead you to a career as a pharmacist.

The average early career wages for pharmacists are low because it can depend on location or position. For example, pharmacists who work at grocery stores or drug stores often earn less than their entry-level researcher counterparts.

Unfortunately, the current rate of growth for this field is -2%  from 2020-2030. So while there will still be opportunities, it may be harder to find a job.

4) Electrical Engineering

Salary in Early Career: $103,000

Salary in Mid Career: $144,000

If you have a PhD in electrical engineering, you stand to earn quite a good amount of money. Electrical engineering has one of the highest average early-career salaries and one of the highest mid-career to boot.

Electrical Engineering is the application and study of mathematics  and physics combined with electromagnetism, electronics, and electricity. This discipline deals with the research and design of systems, equipment, and devices that use electricity. The results of electrical engineering are seen in day-to-day life. The advances humanity has made in the field have resulted in modern-day staples like the radio and the television.

A doctorate in engineering can help you go into research. If you are more of an idea generator, you can pursue a career in invention and product development. This discipline had plenty of opportunities in various fields such as transportation, computing, manufacturing, and aviation.

3) Computer Science

Salary in Early Career: $118,000

Salary in Mid Career: $145,000

BLS 2020-2030 Job Growth Outlook: 22%, much faster than average

Computer Science is one of the highest-paying fields, both in early and mid-career salary averages. A doctorate in this field allows graduates to become experts in certain computer science subfields. If you want to get a PhD in this field, you’ll need a bachelor’s degree or a master’s in computer science .

If you choose to research in this field, you’ll need a doctorate to qualify for research opportunities. You can also find non-academic careers as an information research scientist, a hardware engineer, programming, and even robotics. It truly comes as no surprise that Computer Science is one of the best-paid PhD programs considering technology continues to progress over the years.

The job outlook for this field is expected to grow by 22%  until 2030, making it one of the best and most in-demand PhDs on this list

2) Organic Chemistry

Salary in Early Career: $83,400

Salary in Mid Career: $146,000

Organic chemistry shares a spot with #1 for the highest-paying PhD, at least for mid-career salaries. However, early wages are lower, which earns this field its #2 spot on this list.

If you want to pursue a career in organic chemistry, earning a PhD in this field can get you a research position, and you may even find yourself leading a research team. However, to qualify for advanced research positions, you’ll need a PhD in the field from an accredited institution whose programs are approved by the ACS or the American Chemical Society.

You may also find jobs in academia as a professor.

1) Chemical Engineering

Salary in Early Career: $96,100

BLS 2020-2030 Job Growth Outlook: 9%, on the high end of average

Sitting at number one on this list is chemical engineering. This branch of engineering combines various fields into one, and you’ll see physics, chemistry, microbiology, biochemistry, and math . This interdisciplinary field helps solve problems related to fuel, food, chemicals, or drugs.

If you earn a PhD in chemical engineering, you may find yourself prepared with expert-level knowledge of the current research findings, practices, and the core fundamentals of the field. After you graduate, you may find opportunities in research and academia and find jobs in areas like biotechnology.

Paying for Your PhD

One obstacle that many doctoral candidates run into is the cost of earning a PhD. If you find yourself wondering how you can afford to pay for your PhD, there are a few common ways you can ease the financial load.

• Student loans  – Many PhD candidates take out student loans to help them afford the tuition and living expenses while working on their doctorate full (or even part) time. You can choose to take out a loan for the full tuition plus living costs, or you can take a smaller loan to cover only a part of the expenses.
• Scholarships, grants, and fellowships  – Savvy PhD candidates seek out scholarships, grants, and fellowship opportunities to help them pay off their tuition and living expenses more easily.

Related: Graduate School Scholarships Guide

• Seek financial support from your employer – Some employers help support their employees’ education by offering partial or full scholarships as they seek higher education. This option may not always be possible, of course, as it depends on the field you are pursuing and whether it has any relation to your current place of employment.
• Teach where you are studying  – One of the most common ways doctoral students earn extra financial support for their studies is through teaching — particularly at the school in which they are studying. Teaching can help students cut down on tuition costs as many educational institutions may offer lower rates for their studies. Some colleges and universities will even offer teaching assistant positions that offer flexibility and enough compensation to cover part of the tuition costs.

Already decided on going to grad school? Here’s everything you need to apply .

Frequently Asked Questions

Which phd has the highest salary.

According to this list of the highest paying PhD degrees, the current most lucrative PhD is Organic Chemistry.

Can PhDs make a lot of money?

Yes, but the road there can be long and winding. There are also many factors that can affect how much you earn, such as your location, industry, position, and even your employer. Additionally, “a lot of money” is relative — what do you consider a lot of money? It may benefit you to check out salary information on the Bureau of Labor Statistics website or on websites like PayScale or Salary.com. Check if the average earnings meet your expectations before making your decision on your PhD.

Is a PhD worth it for salary increases?

The BLS says that in 2020, those with a PhD earned median weekly salaries more than 20%  more than those with just a bachelor’s degree. It can depend on the field and the position, but this does appear to be the case generally. Data also shows that doctorate holders can earn significantly more over their lifetimes. For example, male PhDs earn as much as $1.5 million more  compared to high school graduates. Female PhDs earn $1.1 million more on average.

Do PhDs get paid more than master’s degree holders?

Yes. According to the World Education Services ( WES ), doctorate holders do earn more than those with master’s degrees. However, how much more they earn depends on their field. For example, engineering PhDs only earn 7% more than master’s degree holders in the field. However, in the field of psychology, you can earn up to 33% more if you have a PhD rather than a master’s.

Does job location matter when considering the highest paying doctorate degrees?

In any form of employment, your location matters. In fact, aside from your field or line of work, your location may be the next biggest determinant of your salary. The same is true even if you don’t have a PhD. For example, if you work in the field of information technology or computer science, you’ll most likely have a higher salary in places like San Francisco or Seattle.

You’ll likely find plenty of PhDs in some of the most lucrative industries in a certain city or state. IT and Computer Science PhD holders will often find the highest-paying opportunities in tech hubs  around the country. Geologists will find the highest-paying work in areas rich in natural resources. Researchers, on the other hand, will likely find the best-paying work in areas with research universities and institutions.

Many of the highest-earning jobs for PhDs are located in cities or states where their specific industry is highly supported.

Are there any degrees higher than a PhD?

Nope! The PhD, also known as the doctorate or doctoral degree, is the highest possible academic degree you can earn. PhDs are specialized degrees often earned through research. They demonstrate an extremely high level of understanding of the subject and expertise in your field. A lot of people who earn their PhD usually go on to stay in academia to teach or continue their research.

Choosing the Best Doctoral Degrees

It’s not always about answering the question, “What’s the highest paying PhD?” In the end, choosing the best doctoral degree for you comes down to a matter of preference and interest.

Earning a PhD is seldom easy — but with hard work, you can set yourself up for a bright future ahead with a lucrative yet fulfilling career.

Chriselle Sy

Chriselle has been a passionate professional content writer for over 10 years. She writes educational content for The Grad Cafe, Productivity Spot, The College Monk, and other digital publications.  When she isn't busy writing, she spends her time streaming video games and learning new skills.

• Chriselle Sy https://blog.thegradcafe.com/author/chriselle-sy/ When to Apply for Grad School: Easy Monthly Timeline [2025-2026]
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• Chriselle Sy https://blog.thegradcafe.com/author/chriselle-sy/ Graduate Certificate vs Degree: What’s the Difference? [2024 Guide]

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Earning A Doctoral Degree In Education: What You Need To Know

Updated: Oct 31, 2023, 10:19am

For many professionals working in education, earning a doctorate is a great way to learn new skills, explore challenges, and reach personal and career goals.

Earning a doctoral degree in education can help advance your career in research, academia and leadership. With this degree, you could engage in impactful research to solve challenges in education or develop practical ways to support faculty and staff at every level.

This article explores doctoral degrees in education, including admission requirements, specializations, common courses and job options. Keep reading to see if pursuing this degree is right for you.

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What Is a Doctorate in Education?

A doctorate in education equips scholars and education professionals with the advanced knowledge and skills needed to move into higher-level positions. Graduates may earn a doctor of education (Ed.D.) or a doctor of philosophy in education (Ph.D.) . Doctorates in education often specialize in certain areas, such as educational leadership, special education or literacy.

A doctorate in education typically requires between 48 and 72 credits of coursework. Students can usually earn their degree within three or four years, including time to complete a dissertation. However, each school determines its own requirements, so total credits and time commitment will vary.

Admission Requirements for a Doctoral Degree in Education

While each program sets its own standard for admissions, the following list covers common requirements.

• Master’s degree
• Academic transcript showing a minimum GPA, typically 3.0 to 3.5
• Résumé or curriculum vitae detailing relevant professional experience
• Statement of purpose and/or personal statement
• Letters of recommendation
• Writing sample, such as a published article, term paper or thesis
• Demonstration of English proficiency, sometimes through a test

Prospective students often must submit an application fee and complete an interview with program faculty.

Specializations for Doctoral Degrees in Education

Doctoral students can pursue a wide variety of specializations. Offerings vary by institution and degree type, though some specializations apply to both Ph.D. and Ed.D. programs.

Popular focus areas for doctoral degrees in education include:

• Agricultural education
• Career and technical education
• Curriculum and teaching
• Early childhood education
• Educational technology
• English language learning
• Exercise science
• General education
• Instructional leadership
• International education and globalization
• Leadership and counseling
• Learning analytics in higher education
• Organizational leadership
• Science and mathematics education
• Special education
• Trauma-informed educational practices

Common Courses in a Doctorate in Education

Doctorate coursework includes both core classes and concentration courses. Below, review a few common courses you might encounter in an education doctoral program.

Foundations of Advanced Graduate Study and Research

This course provides an overview of a doctoral program’s many concepts, practices and expectations. Students learn about university resources, such as learning and research technology.

Scholarly Literature Review

In this class, learners develop an understanding of research and writing strategies, an essential skill for their doctoral program and future careers. They learn techniques for surveying scholarly literature, avoiding bias, identifying themes and theoretical perspectives, and reflecting different viewpoints in their writing.

Introduction to Statistics: Inquiry, Analysis and Decision Making

In this course, learners study approaches to analyzing quantitative information. Enrollees evaluate real-world data and learn about the importance of statistics in policy decisions.

Doctoral Comprehensive Assessment: Pre-Candidacy Prospectus

Students enroll in this class after completing their foundation, specialization and research coursework. Using the knowledge and research techniques they’ve learned, students create a prospectus that addresses a problem within an educational context, which may serve as the starting point for their dissertation.

Accreditation for Doctoral Degrees in Education

Accreditation affirms that a college or program meets high standards for quality education and state licensing requirements. Educational institutions may be accredited nationally or regionally.

Programmatic accreditation applies to specific departments, degree programs and colleges within educational institutions. For education degrees, this distinction is crucial. It ensures the program properly equips graduates for high-level work in classrooms, universities and education-focused organizations.

Programmatic Accreditation

The Council for the Accreditation of Educator Preparation is the largest professional accrediting body for doctoral degrees in education. This organization focuses on metrics like student performance data, program impact, fiscal responsibility and clinical practice.

Departments may also earn accreditation from the newer, smaller Association for Advancing Quality in Educator Preparation (AAQEP). AAQEP uses a collaborative, flexible, improvement-focused, holistic approach to accreditation.

Finally, some agencies provide accreditation for specific areas of study within education. For example, the American Psychological Association accredits school psychology programs .

Ph.D. in Education vs. Ed.D.: What’s the Difference?

While an Ed.D. and a Ph.D. in education can both prepare you for high-level careers in academia, these two degrees differ in scope.

A Ph.D. in education is ideal if you want to conduct scholarly research or teach at a college or university. It will help you develop research techniques, understand the principles of inquiry and hone your teaching skills.

If you aim to use your knowledge in practice rather than research, an Ed.D. may suit you better. A doctor of education degree readies you to work in leadership positions directly with students, teachers and other education professionals.

What Can You Do With a Doctorate in Education?

Earning a doctorate in education prepares you for various careers in academia. Consider the following list of potential jobs, including education requirements and salary information. We sourced salary data for this section from the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics and Payscale in October 2023.

Average Annual Salary: $167,000 Minimum Required Education: Doctorate Job Overview: Provosts serve as senior-level administrators in universities and colleges. They may oversee educational program development, allocate funds to departments, work to maintain academic integrity, and provide guidance and leadership to students.

Academic Dean

Average Annual Salary: $103,000 Minimum Required Education: Doctorate Job Overview: Academic deans manage personnel and development in educational institutions. They work with faculty and staff to establish academic goals and strategies. They also participate in hiring faculty and staff, oversee budgets, develop academic standards for their departments, and aid in recruitment and retention.

Median Annual Salary: $80,840 Minimum Required Education: Doctorate Job Overview: Professors, also referred to as postsecondary teachers, instruct students in colleges and universities. They may also research and publish books or scholarly papers. Professors plan and develop lessons and assignments, guide students, and stay up-to-date on new technologies and innovations in their areas of expertise.

School Superintendent

Average Annual Salary: $139,000 Minimum Required Education: Master’s in education , doctorate sometimes preferred Job Overview: As the highest-ranking school system administrators, superintendents work under the supervision and direction of a school board. They hire school principals, manage and terminate employees, adhere to budgets and solve problems within the district.

Postsecondary Education Administrator

Median Annual Salary: $99,940 as of May 2022 Minimum Required Education: Master’s in education leadership or a related field, sometimes bachelor’s degree Job Overview: Postsecondary education administrators work in university departments, such as student affairs, athletics or admissions. Their duties depend on their department. For example, a registrar’s office administrator oversees registration and academic policies, while an admissions administrator handles applications and applicants’ questions.

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs) About Earning a Doctoral Degree in Education

How long does it take to earn a doctorate in education.

Earning a doctoral degree in education typically takes three to four years, but some programs require more or less time. Each educational institution sets its own credit requirements.

Is getting a doctorate in education hard?

Earning a doctorate in education requires dedication and commitment. But that challenge might be worth it if you’re passionate about education and want to learn new skills to propel your career forward.

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Sheryl Grey is a freelance writer who specializes in creating content related to education, aging and senior living, and real estate. She is also a copywriter who helps businesses grow through expert website copywriting, branding and content creation. Sheryl holds a Bachelor of Arts in Mass Communications from Indiana University South Bend, and she received her teacher certification training through Bethel University’s Transition to Teaching program.

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Ph.D.s That Pay: The 15 Highest Paying Doctoral Degrees

Phd program rankings.

• Fully Funded PhDs in Education
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• The Most Affordable Online DBA
• Doctorate in Public Policy/Administration
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• ALL Ph.D. Degree Program Rankings

Career Guides

• Acupuncture and Oriental Medicine
• Aerospace Engineering
• Behavioral Health (D.B.H.)
• Chemical Engineering (PhD CE)
• Chemistry (D.Chem.)
• Clinical Nutrition (D.C.N.)
• Speech-Language Pathology (CScD)
• Criminology (D.Crim.)
• Economics (DEc)
• Health Science (D.H.S./D.H.Sci)
• Library Science (D.L.S.)
• Molecular Biology (Phd Mol Biol)
• Occupational Safety and Health (D.O.S.H.)
• Physics (Ph.D. Physics)
• ALL PhD Career Guides

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Frequently Asked Questions

• Why earn a Doctorate Degree?
• What are the Ph.D. Admission Requirements?
• How Much Does a Ph.D. Cost?
• How many years will it take for me to achieve my doctorate degree online?
• Do online doctorate degree programs require campus visits?
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What are the highest paying doctoral degrees ? Despite stories of candidates being “overqualified” for job openings, or potential employers passing over applicants with “useless” degrees, Ph.D. holders have the lowest average unemployment rate of any level of educational attainment.

Generally speaking, gaining more years of higher education is almost always good for your earnings potential!

Short of professional degrees (which include Doctors of Medicine and Juris Doctors, or lawyers), Ph.D.’s also earn the most over their lifetime when compared to other degree types. Take a look at the highest-paying doctoral degrees!

Additional Resources: America’s Most Popular PhD Degrees

The Highest Paying Doctoral Degrees

Now that we’ve covered the important factors that affect Ph.D. earnings (including industry and location of employment), let’s take a look at what specific highest-paying doctoral degrees are available on a national level.

We’ve looked at over 50 of the most common doctoral degree programs in terms of early career earnings, mid-career salaries, and “maximum” earnings. While there are obviously outliers with Ph.D. programs in many of these fields, “maximum” career earnings were taken by noting the earnings of the top 10% of earners with the degree in question, or the average salary for degree holders with the degree in a single city, whichever is greater.

Below we’ve ranked the highest paying doctoral degrees by their “maximum” salaries.

Ph.D. in Statistics

Statisticians utilize statistical analysis to aid in decision-making and product development in a wide range of industries. Commonly employed in business, health care, government roles, think tanks, technology, and non-profits, statisticians are in high demand among organizations that intake enough data to require statistical analysis.

Most statistician jobs require a master’s degree, so obtaining a doctoral degree in statistics helps statisticians to stand out even more in this sought-after profession. It’s noteworthy that doctorate degrees in statistics have one of the highest starting salaries of doctorate degrees surveyed. Their “maximum” salary, however, is slightly lower than the remaining professions in our ranking.

• Average Early Career Salary: $58,310
• Average Mid-Career Earnings: $67,230
• ‘Maximum’ Earnings: $78,760

SEE : DOCTOR OF STATISTICS (PH.D. STAT.) SALARY AND INFORMATION

Ph.D. in Biomedical Engineering

As populations age and health care becomes more reliant on big data and technology, Biomedical Engineering stands to play a more and more central role in healthcare solutions.

In fact, the Bureau of Labor Statistics notes that Biomedical Engineering roles are expected to increase by more than 5% in the next seven years. Presently a doctoral degree in Biomedical Engineering stands as the primary way to become involved with research in biomedical research.

Often paired with an M.D., some medical device makers who also practice as medical doctors make substantially more than the maximum salary listed below. Just looking at the Ph.D. in the subject, however, the most common job description includes designing, studying, or improving biomedical devices.

Common locations of employment for biomedical engineering include hospitals, consulting firms, research groups, university settings, and manufacturing companies. It’s worth noting that while early-career average earnings are on the lower end of our list, by mid-career, Ph.D.’s in biomedical research are farther into the pack.

• Average Early Career Earnings: $62,647
• Average Mid-Career Earnings: $70,619
• ‘Maximum’ Earnings: $88,164

SEE: DOCTOR OF BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING (BME PH.D.) SALARY AND INFORMATION

Ph . d. in im munology.

Immunologists are medical researchers (and for those with M.D.s, practicing physicians) who focus on disease immunity. For those holding Ph.D.s in Immunology, common work settings include teaching in universities, research in universities or hospitals, policy-related roles, or research in public and private labs.

While dual M.D.s and Ph.D.s are often required to pursue research on your own as an immunologist, just one of these two degrees focused on immunology is required to obtain a position in public and private research settings.

Since 2004, there has been a widespread shortage of immunologists across the nation. This has led to 10%+ additional vacancies in job openings each year over the last decade. This has been reflected in the rising income of immunologists.

When looking at early, mid, and maximum salaries for immunologists, it’s of note that those holding both Ph.D.s and M.D.s stand to make substantially more than those with “just” a Ph.D. in the discipline.

• Average Early Career Salary: $248,453
• Average Mid-Career Earnings: $276,843
• ‘Maximum’ Earnings: $368,422

SEE: DOCTOR OF IMMUNOLOGY SALARY AND INFORMATION

Ph.d. in pharmacology.

Pharmaceuticals are big business, and pharmaceutical researchers are on both the front line with patients in need and scientific endeavors expanding the field. Those who pursue Ph.D. in pharmacology (a distinct degree from a Pharm.D.) are expected to have a master’s degree in related material.

Doctor of Pharmacy degrees, on the other hand, are shorter programs requiring 60-90 credit hours of prerequisites at the undergraduate level.

Pharm.D. programs prepare students for being pharmacists, while Ph.D.’s in pharmacology prepare students for research and instruction roles. While entry-level earnings are lower for Ph.D.s than Pharm.D’s, Ph.D.s can earn significantly more in research roles by their mid and late-career.

• Average Early Career Earnings: $112,065
• Average Mid-Career Earnings: $118,979
• ‘Maximum’ Earnings: $133,394

SEE: BEST ONLINE SCHOOLS FOR DOCTOR OF PHARMACY (PHARM.D.)

Ph.D. in Electrical Engineering

Electrical engineers are some of the most versatile engineering types, finding employment in aviation, consumer goods, technology, transportation, logistics, and a wide range of other industries. While most forms of electrical engineering already provide a steady and well-compensated gig for life, Ph.D.s in electrical engineering are highly sought after.

While a Ph.D. in electrical engineering may still do some engineering work (some will work exclusively on topics they have specialized in) many hold advanced degrees in engineering instead of supervising teams.

For roles like chief technology officer, head of product, staff research engineer, project expert, and director of research and development, having a doctorate degree in electrical engineering may help candidates to stand out in extremely competitive fields. Additionally, moving up the corporate ladder that far increases pay far beyond that of “run-of-the-mill” engineers.

For the top 10% of earners holding a Ph.D. in electrical engineering, over $78,000 in compensation is the norm, often ranging much higher depending on the role performed.

• Average Early Career Salary: $73,027
• Average Mid-Career Earnings: $77,006
• ‘Maximum’ Earnings: $88,708

SEE: DOCTOR OF ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING (D.E.E.) SALARY AND INFORMATION

Ph.d. in clinical psychology.

Ph.D.s in clinical psychology have a wide range of career paths to choose from. For those looking to practice clinical psychology, a 1-year externship program is often required, where students obtain experience working with patients. Ph.D.s will also often specialize in one area. Common areas include health psychology, child psychology, and neuropsychology.

Additionally, Ph.D.s in clinical psychology may elect to work in case management roles, as supervisors in treatment centers, in hospital settings, in education, in corporations, or in research settings.

This wide range of occupational settings creates quite a disparity between early-career earnings and the earnings of the upper 10th percentile of clinical psychologists, as one can see below. With this range of roles one can pursue with a Ph.D. in clinical psychology, however, comes great freedom.

This versatile degree can help those in need, advance the study of the human mind, enhance corporate efficiency, or help in the education of the next generation of psychologists.

• Average Early Career Earnings: $46,400
• Average Mid-Career Earnings: $79,800
• ‘Maximum’ Earnings: $138,600

SEE: DOCTOR OF CLINICAL PSYCHOLOGY (CLINPSYD) SALARY AND INFORMATION

Ph.d. in aerospace engineering.

Ph.D.s in Aerospace Engineering is one of the few sub-discipline degrees among doctoral engineering choices. While there are many Ph.D.s that may help you advance in aerospace engineering fields (physics, other engineering degrees, natural sciences, and so forth), aerospace engineering Ph.D.s often spend additional time diving into research on one subsystem of aerospace technologies.

For example, sensors, payload analysis, failure analysis, and so forth. With that said, a Ph.D. in any engineering discipline often provides a framework through which recipients can address any engineering problem.

And — even if not initially — many Ph.D.s in aerospace engineering find themselves working in other engineering fields, running their own companies, or moving into management. As one may expect, aerospace can be quite a lucrative field and includes employers such as NASA, defense contractors, branches of the military, airlines, vehicle manufacturers, telecommunications companies, and research opportunities at universities.

• Average Early Career Salary: $67,093
• Average Mid-Career Earnings: $74,236
• ‘Maximum’ Earnings: $84,112

SEE: Doctor of Aerospace Engineering (Ph.D. AE) Career Guide: Salary and Degree Info

Ph.d. in engineering.

Ph.D.s in engineering are research-based degrees that focus on engineering at a theoretical level and prepare the recipient for either a role as a researcher or university instructor or industry work.

A similar doctorate of engineering degree is also a research degree (unique among professional degrees) and is similar in many ways to Ph.D. in engineering save for a higher focus on industry applications.

Ph.D.’s in engineering are some of the most versatile engineering degrees at the doctoral level. However, they may require time for the recipient to gather domain-specific knowledge (say, engineering related to wind tunnels, power plants, or aircraft).

This is evidenced by the growth in salary from entry-level through the highest 10% of earners in which engineering Ph.D.’s can nearly double their salary.

• Average Early Career Earnings: $69,140
• Average Mid-Career Earnings: $121,830
• ‘Maximum’ Earnings: $174,530

Ph.D. in Chemical Engineering

Chemical engineering is a multidisciplinary field utilizing physics, chemistry, economics, engineering, and math to resolve problems related to producing, using, transforming, and transporting chemicals.

Chemical engineers are routinely involved with all manner of consumer and business-facing production environments, from creating new materials for diapers to hazard assessments to large manufacturing plants.

Almost any consumer product produced on a large scale likely had a chemical engineer involved with some portion of manufacturing. So one can imagine the demand for chemical engineers is high. In fact, around 8% more chemical engineering manufacturing jobs are expected to be open in the next seven years.

For those with Ph.D.s in the discipline, employment opportunities also exist in research, academia, consulting roles, and entrepreneurship.

• Average Early Career Earnings: $75,633
• Average Mid-Career Earnings: $83,381
• ‘Maximum’ Earnings: $99,727

SEE: Doctor of Chemical Engineering (PhD CE) Career Guide: Salary and Info

Ph.d. in physics.

Physics is the study of matter and the behavior of matter through space and time. When many think of physicists, they think of the cosmos. But many of the hardest engineering problems are also related to physics.

Those with Ph.D.s in physics will likely have specialized in one or more subject matter areas including optics, the physics of sound, atomic physics, nuclear physics, and gravitational physics, among many others. This often leads to important research roles in private industry or university settings.

From cars to spacecraft to telescopes, physicists have played integral roles in advancing products. With that said, even if Ph.D.s in physics have previously specialized in one area of science, physics helps to prepare scientists with the ability to think about a wide range of problems.

For this reason, many Ph.D.s in physics may find themselves in demand in a wide variety of industries throughout their career. And many talented physicists will find themselves well compensated.

• Average Early Career Salary: $65,995
• Average Mid-Career Earnings: $71,659
• ‘Maximum’ Earnings: $114,248

SEE: Doctor of Physics (Ph.D. Physics) Career Guide: Salary and Info

Ph.d. in organic chemistry.

Chemistry is the study of the structure, properties, and reactions between compounds and materials. Organic chemistry utilizes the same research methods to focus on organic matter.

The good news is that this collection of compounds and materials (those that contain carbon) comprise a majority of known chemicals. Furthermore, all living matter is the study of organic chemistry. This means that applications for analysis through organic chemistry are veritable and limitless.

From pharmaceuticals to natural resources and geology to chemical engineering, the results of organic chemistry are all around us. Unfortunately (or fortunately if this is not the case for you), organic chemistry is known by many as one of the “hardest” subjects taught in higher education. For those who can excel in the subject matter, a wide range of career opportunities and compensations are available.

• Average Early Career Earnings: $59,968
• Average Mid-Career Earnings: $67,470
• ‘Maximum’ Earnings: $84,061

Ph.D. in Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Biochemistry is the scientific study of chemical processes related to or within living organisms. Molecular biology is an approach to studying biological mechanisms from a molecular level.

Together these fields of study offer a uniquely fine-grained way of studying living systems. While Ph.D.s in biochemistry and molecular biology are highly specialized, they find employment in a surprisingly wide range of settings.

From state crime labs to pharmaceutical development projects, biochemists and molecular biologists are often some of the most crucial specialists for ascertaining what goes on in our body at a molecular and chemical level.

Additionally, Ph.D. programs in these disciplines may, of course, find employment in research and instruction in university settings.

With this wide range of employment settings, there is also a wide range of compensation for biochemists. For the top 10% of earners, however, the field can be quite lucrative, making it our 4th highest-paying doctoral degree for 2022 and 2023.

• Average Early Career Earnings: $67,506
• Average Mid-Career Earnings: $73,701
• ‘Maximum’ Earnings: $82,048

SEE:  Doctor of Molecular Biology (PhD Mol Biol) Career Guide: Salary and Info

Ph.d. in computer science.

Computer science is the study of the theory of computation as well as the design of computational systems. Computer science as a field of study has nearly as many sub-disciplines are there are forms of computing technology.

Though many Ph.D. recipients in the field will have specialized in a handful of technologies or theoretical components related to computing, computer science is also an approach to problem-solving that lends itself to the solving of many engineering situations.

While many with computer science degrees will find themselves in roles such as software developers early in their career, gaining a doctoral degree in the discipline can help workers quickly advance to positions such as systems architect, researcher, or development positions in subdisciplines of computer science.

Particularly highly compensated subdisciplines within computer science include information assurance, machine learning, artificial intelligence, virtual reality, virtualization, and many others.

• Average Early Career Earnings: $117,667
• Average Mid-Career Earnings: $130,949
• ‘Maximum’ Earnings: $149,109

SEE: Best Online Doctor of Computer Science Degree Programs

Ph.d. in economics.

Economics is the social science that is intent on studying the production, consumption, and distribution of services and goods. Economic analysis often falls into a variety of categories that a Ph.D. candidate in economics could choose to focus on.

Broadly, these segments of economic analysis include micro and macroeconomics, theoretical analysis and applied analysis, normative and positive economics, and rational and behavioral economics.

As with all social sciences, each competing school of thought offers its own insights, and many are highly sought after in many domains of industry and public life. Economic analysis is particularly sought after in fields such as education, health care, criminology, and finance, among others.

A Ph.D. in economics can, of course, also elect to work in research or academic settings depending on their skill set. While early-career earnings are quite solid for those with Ph.D.s in economics, those moving into consulting roles or finance can command much higher salaries.

• Average Early Career Earnings: $78,124
• Average Mid-Career Earnings: $93,369
• ‘Maximum’ Earnings: $106,848

SEE:  Doctor of Economics (DEc) Career Guide: Salary and Info

Ph.d. in information assurance.

Information Assurance is a discipline just recently brought to prominence by the massive amount of data and information held in computing devices and networks. With the rise in prominence of the internet and connected devices, many corporations and public entities have been unable to keep up with cybersecurity demands.

As of 2019, over 1 million cybersecurity openings will be unfilled nationwide. Additionally, the average age of those currently working in cybersecurity is approaching 50, meaning a lack of younger talent.

Though they will still need hands-on experience at lower levels, Ph.D.s in information assurance are great candidates for being the go-to resource on cybersecurity for organizations. As such, being a Ph.D. in information assurance in many organizations could put you on a shortlist for advanced positions such as chief information security officer.

While the average early and mid-career salaries of information assurance Ph.D.s are quite strong, many C-Level information assurance roles can bring in $300,000+.

The top 10% of jobs for the highest-paying Ph.D. in Information Assurance bring in over $100,000 a year or more, making information assurance the highest-paying Ph.D. surveyed in this year’s ranking.

• Average Early Career Earnings: $86,682
• Average Mid-Career Earnings: $96,249
• ‘Maximum’ Earnings: $106,915

SEE:  Doctor of Information Assurance (Ph.D. IA) Career Guide: Salary and Info

What is a ph.d..

First, we should clarify exactly what degrees we’re talking about. A Ph.D. is an abbreviation for Doctorate of Philosophy. Ph.D. holders obtain Doctorate of Philosophy degrees in some subjects. Though “Philosophy” is in the title, this is largely a historical artifact from when the study of philosophy encompassed most of the traditional arts and sciences.

Today, someone holding a Doctorate of Philosophy in Statistics will have mainly studied statistics and supporting disciplines within their course of study. The underlying spirit of the degree still applies, however.

“Philosophy” means “lover of wisdom,” while a doctorate is the highest degree in a university. Therefore, a doctorate of philosophy is the highest degree awarded to a “lover of wisdom” within the university system.

Typically this means that Ph.D. graduates have endeavored upon unique and substantial research in their field of choice and have attempted to advance their field of study.

While there is a range of common doctorate degrees, many are not Ph.D.s.

This usage of the term Ph.D.– though technically correct — is contrary to the common usage of the term. In ordinary conversation, Ph.D. and “Doctorate” are often used interchangeably. The main exception to this rule is that many people do distinguish between common professional degrees (including medicine and law) and more research-centered Ph.D.s.

In our investigation, we’re looking specifically at Ph.D.s, and not professional doctoral degrees. Though in many of the most lucrative Ph.D.s listed below, we do discuss the differences and similarities between Ph.D.s and professional degrees in the same subject.

Does job location matter when considering the highest-paying doctorate degrees?

In employment, location matters. In fact, along with your line of work, the location may be the single most significant determinant of compensation.

After all, the minimum wage in some cities approaches the average wage of earners in some states. The average hourly wage in America as a whole more than triples in a handful of the most populous cities.

In short, no conversation about payment of Ph.D. is complete without reference to where the said Ph.D. is working. While looking at the earnings of the entire population in locations is a good indicator of whether or not Ph.D.s may make more in an area, Ph.D.s tend to occupy a disproportionately high degree of jobs in the most lucrative fields in a region.

In a region rich with natural resource extraction, many Ph.D.’s are likely employed in geology or natural resources. In an area rich with information technology organizations, more Ph.D.s in computer science are probably employed.

This is partially accounted for by the trend of universities with large research presences in a field helping to foster entrepreneurship in a given field throughout the region. High concentrations of researchers and university funding help to create more business opportunities. In turn, this draws more talent to the universities in the region.

This is to say that average earnings within a region are at times not directly tied to Ph.D. earnings. Rather, an average salary in a region may be quite low, while opportunities for Ph.D. holders may be centered around the most well-supported industries specific to the region. With that said, many of the highest-earning cities and states in the nation are also the centers of highest compensation for Ph.D. graduates with doctoral degrees.

Does the industry matter when considering the highest-paying doctorate degrees?

The industry employing a Ph.D. holder is equally important (and often tied) to the location in which doctoral workers work when talking of compensation. While many top universities have highly regarded programs in many disciplines, many universities are known for just a handful of programs are the graduate level. This leads to geographic clusters of Ph.D.s in very different industries.

An example of the above may be seen in the following. The University of Iowa and the University of Mississippi are both well-known for their graduate programs in creative writing. A disproportionately high number of graduate degree holders in the vicinity of both universities are writers or writing instructors.

Even Ph.D.-level graduates in English literature don’t lead to as high of an income as say, chemical engineering. This industry discrepancy (among others) leads to great clusters of highest-paying doctoral degrees in California’s Bay Area, or Minnesota’s Twin Cities region (both of which are home to top-ranked chemical engineering schools).

Along with location, the industry in which a Ph.D. works is integrally tied to earning power. Below is a sampling of average earnings for the highest-paying doctoral degree by industry.

See also: Top Free (or Cheap!) Online Ph.D. Level Courses

Check this out for more information: Jobs That Require a Ph.D. or Doctorate Degree

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Education EdD

| 23 June 2023

Doctorate in Education Salary and Career Outlook

Obtaining your Doctor of Education (EdD) degree is a smart choice for career earning power and job growth. Doctorate in education salary levels are impressive, with some postsecondary teaching specialties touting annual salaries of over $100,000 . Expected job growth in EdD careers is equally appealing, with some sectors of postsecondary teaching expected to increase 24% from now until 2031 . Read on to learn more about salary levels and job growth for EdD graduates and how EdD specialty areas factor into the equation.

About the Data for Our Doctorate in Education Salary and Career Outlook

The data in this article comes from the Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS), a U.S. government agency that measures labor market activity, working conditions, salary changes and productivity in the U.S. economy to support public and private decision making. The BLS is widely accepted as the authoritative source for projected salary and job growth data.

Salary figures include compensation such as annual salaries, hourly wages, commissions, tips and bonuses, but do not include additional benefits, such as health insurance, retirement plans and other benefit packages.

For comparative purposes, the BLS reports that the annual median salary for all jobs in the U.S. in 2021 was $45,760. The BLS also states that overall, jobs are projected to grow by 5% (adding 8.3 million jobs) from now until 2031.

Salary and Career Outlook for EdD Careers Overall

Most EdD graduates teach above the high school level at public and private colleges and universities, professional schools and junior or community colleges. Many elevate their EdD careers by becoming administrators and leaders in postsecondary institutions.

The BLS reports that the median salary for postsecondary teachers in 2021 was $79,640, with job growth projected to increase by 12% from now until 2031—much faster than the national average job growth rate of 5%.

Administrators and leaders in postsecondary institutions can expect even better compensation and job growth prospects. The BLS reports that the 2021 median pay for postsecondary education administrators was $96,910—with job growth projected to increase by 7%.

EdD Degree Specializations: Career and Salary Outlook

Doctorate in education salary and career outlook figures can be affected by a number of factors, including institutional pay scales, geographic region and supply and demand for EdD career staff members in a particular area of employment or specialty.

Many EdD programs offer students the opportunity to supplement their education by selecting a specialty area. These students complete additional coursework in their chosen specialty area to increase their knowledge and skill in that particular area.

Let’s drill down to see how salary and job growth expectations are affected by specializing and working in some popular specialty areas.

Executive Leadership Specialization

An prepares Doctor of Education graduates for an EdD career in a variety of executive leadership roles in healthcare and interprofessional education. Career pathways for EdD graduates with a specialization in executive leadership include:

• Academic dean
• Academic program chair
• University provost, president or chancellor
• Health education director
• Director of corporate development
• Human resources administrator
• Head of training department within a health system

The BLS reports that the median salary for medical and health services managers in 2021 was $101,340. Job growth for these positions is projected to increase by 28%—much faster than the national average. The median salary for postsecondary education administrators is $96,910, with job growth of 7% projected.

Nurse Educator Specialization

As the national shortage of nurses —particularly RNs—continues, the need to fill nursing education jobs is strong. Nursing schools report having to turn away prospective nursing students, in part, due to a lack of nursing teaching faculty. According to a survey by the National Association of Colleges of Nursing in October 2022, a total of 2,166 full-time faculty vacancies were identified in baccalaureate and/or graduate programs across the country. The data show a national nurse faculty vacancy rate of 8.8%. Most of the vacancies (84.9%) were faculty positions requiring or preferring a doctoral degree.

Many EdD graduates—especially those with a nursing education specialization—hold nursing education jobs such as:

• Adjunct professor/professor
• Assistant professor
• Academic leader
• Nursing instructor in higher education
• Nursing instructor in a clinical or hospital setting

According to the BLS , the average nursing education salary for postsecondary nurse educators varies by employer. The nursing education salary for nursing education jobs at junior colleges averaged $77,210 in 2022, while nursing education jobs at colleges, universities and professional schools averaged $85,900. Nursing education jobs in general medical and surgical hospitals averaged $95,600.

Overall, the job growth rate from now until 2031 for postsecondary nursing instructors and teachers is projected to be 22% —more than a fourfold increase over the national average for all jobs.

Athletic Training Specialization

College level educators for athletic training degree programs help prepare students not just for the licensing exam, but to transition into a career as an athletic trainer. Completing an athletic training specialization prepares graduates for an EdD career position such as:

• Academic leader in athletic training
• Clinical or organizational athletic training leader
• High level athletic training director or leader

According to the BLS , the growth rate for athletic training jobs is expected to increase 17% through 2031—much faster than the national average for all jobs. This will require higher education institutions to hire additional athletic training education instructors.

Looking at athletic training salary expectations, the BLS reports that the median salary for all postsecondary teachers was $79,640 in 2021, with a job grown rate of 12% (much faster than the national average) expected through 2031. Because Doctor of Education graduates with an athletic training specialization also become professors, academic leaders and obtain other high level athletic training jobs, it is fair to consider median salary figures for postsecondary health specialties teachers, $102,720 , and postsecondary education administrators, $96,910 .

Teaching and Learning Specialization

EdD graduates with a teaching and learning specialization have undergone additional education and training to develop the skills needed to teach in a traditional or online classroom, develop curricula and understand generational learning. These graduates typically follow an EdD career in teaching at public and private colleges and universities, professional schools and junior or community colleges.

The BLS reports that doctorate in education median salary figures for postsecondary health specialties teachers were $102,720 in 2021. A job growth rate of 24%—more than four times the national average—is projected.

Want to know more about our EdD program?

Ready to take the next step toward your edd career.

The University of St. Augustine for Health Sciences’ specialized online Doctor of Education degree is the ideal way to earn your EdD degree around your busy schedule. Learn when and where you prefer as you join a diverse cohort and collaborate on interprofessional projects together. Through our online program, you can begin your EdD career and help fill a critical shortage of healthcare educators as you prepare for an academic, administrative or leadership role in a variety of healthcare industry and educational settings.

Learn more about the online EdD degree from USAHS, including our specializations in Executive Leadership, Nurse Educator, Athletic Training and Teaching and Learning.

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The Combined Program in Education and Psychology doctoral program is supported through a collaboration of the Marsal Family School of Education and the Department of Psychology in the College of Literature, Science, and the Arts. You will have the opportunity to work with faculty from both schools to research processes in development, learning, and motivation in the context of schools, families, and communities.

The Educational Studies program focuses on the improvement of K-12 education. We do this through research and scholarship on educational practice and through the preparation of knowledgeable, skillful, and thoughtful teachers and education administrators. We offer a number of PhD specializations that will allow you to pursue the specific set of knowledge and skills you need to make your unique contribution to our common goal.

Graduates typically go into these industries

• Educational foundations and policy
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Graduates often work as

• Education Consultant
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• Associate Director of Education Research
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• Research Scientist

The Joint Program in English and Education (JPEE) is interdisciplinary in nature, offering top-flight resources and a supportive and engaging community of scholars. You have the flexibility to craft a program centered on your individual interests, whether that’s rhetoric, composition, literacy studies, or English education.

To date, we have an outstanding placement record for graduates who have chosen to pursue tenure-track faculty positions in education and English departments in colleges and universities; graduates also assume a broad range of careers in K-12 administration, educational nonprofits, and government-sponsored agencies.

The Higher Education Academic Affairs and Student Development Doctor of Philosophy in Higher Education program focuses on the teaching and learning missions of colleges and universities, and on the communities in which these central functions occur. Graduates may consider an academic or research career, so there are opportunities to develop research skills, studying students, faculty, diversity, teaching and learning, curriculum, history, philosophy, international and comparative higher education, and institutional policy.

The Organizational Behavior and Management Doctor of Philosophy in Higher Education program explores the topics of administration, governance, management, leadership, organizational strategy, planning and budgeting, and institutional research and assessment of postsecondary educational organizations. The doctoral program develops scholars and practitioners who will make significant contributions to postsecondary education institutions as administrators and leaders, members of the professoriate, training and development professionals, or expert consultants.

The Public Policy in Postsecondary Education Doctor of Philosophy in Higher Education program examines the social, economic, and political factors that affect postsecondary institutions, particularly the impact of local, state, and federal policies on students, faculty, and other constituencies. The doctoral program prepares students for careers in academics or in organizations such as state or federal government agencies, professional associations, or specialized offices within colleges and universities.

Students in the Research, Evaluation, and Assessment concentration develop the conceptual and technical skills necessary to produce the highest quality research on higher and postsecondary education, including applied research related to institutional research, educational and administrative evaluation, program review, and assessment of teaching and learning.

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Highest-Paying Doctorate Degrees

Written by Intelligent.com Higher Education Team

Published: December 5, 2023

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Obtaining a doctorate degree can open the door to a wide range of fulfilling and high-paying careers. While doctorate degree programs may take several years to complete, they can drastically boost your earning potential as you join a small pool of experts in your chosen field. According to the Bureau of Labor Statistics , workers with a Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) earn an average weekly salary of $2,083, while those with a professional doctorate (M.D., J.D., etc.) earn $2,080. This is significantly more than the average income of workers with a bachelor’s degree ($1,432 per week).

Not all doctorate-level jobs pay the same, though. To help you get as much value as possible out of your college education, we’ve reviewed the ten highest-paying occupations that typically require a doctorate for entry-level positions.

Our Ranking Criteria

To find the highest-paying doctorate degrees, we used the latest occupational projections data from the Bureau of Labor Statistics. We chose degrees based on their median annual salaries and the types of jobs that can be obtained with them. We also found the top programs for these degrees in the United States to give you a better idea of how you can start your path to your new career.

The Highest-Paying Jobs You Can Get With a Doctorate Degree

1. physician/surgeon.

Median Salary: $229,300

What They Do: Physicians and surgeons are responsible for diagnosing and treating medical conditions. The day-to-day tasks of a physician typically include examining patients, ordering tests, prescribing medication, and designing treatment plans. Surgeons operate on patients to repair injuries and fight disease. Many physicians and surgeons specialize in a particular area of medicine, such as cardiology, neurology, emergency medicine, or family medicine.

How to Become One: To become a physician or surgeon, you’ll need to earn a Doctor of Medicine (M.D.) or Doctor of Osteopathic Medicine (D.O.). These programs require applicants to have a bachelor’s degree and take around four years to complete. You’ll then need to complete an additional three to seven years of training (depending on your specialty) through a residency at a hospital or clinic. All states require physicians and surgeons to be licensed. Board certification, while not required to work in this field, will further enhance your credibility and open up more job opportunities.

• Projected Job Growth, 2022-2032: 3%
• Highest-Paying States: South Carolina, Alaska, Wyoming, Nebraska, Oklahoma

Top Academic Programs for Physicians and Surgeons:

Median Salary: $212,740

What They Do: Dentists provide medical services for teeth, gums, and other parts of the mouth. These services often include examining patients and diagnosing dental issues, removing tooth decay and filling cavities, performing root canals, and applying whitening agents. When necessary, dentists will administer anesthetics and prescribe medication. Dentists spend much of their time educating patients about dental hygiene as well.

How to Become One: After earning your bachelor’s degree, it will take another four years of school to earn a Doctor of Dental Surgery (DDS) or Doctor of Medicine in Dentistry (DMD). You will also need to be licensed in order to practice as a dentist. Licensure requirements vary by state — in addition to earning your doctorate, you may need to pass the National Board Dental Examination as well as a state clinical examination.

• Highest-Paying States: Delaware, Rhode Island, North Carolina, New Hampshire, Arkansas

Top Academic Programs for Dentists:

3. Podiatrist

Median Salary: $148,720

What They Do: Podiatrists diagnose and treat medical issues with feet and ankles, including calluses, ingrown toenails, heel spurs, bone fractures, arthritis, and diabetes complications. They examine patients, review X-rays and other medical tests, prescribe medication, and perform surgeries. Podiatrists may work in a hospital or urgent care facility, operate their own private practice, specialize in sports medicine, or focus on academic pursuits such as conducting research and attending conferences.

How to Become One: You’ll need to earn a Doctor of Podiatric Medicine (DPM) to work in this field. Most DPM programs require applicants to have a bachelor’s degree and take about four years to complete. After earning your DPM, you’ll then need to complete a residency program in a hospital or clinic, which will take another few years. You must also become licensed to practice in your state.

• Projected Job Growth, 2022-2032: 1%
• Highest-Paying States: Minnesota, Nebraska, Connecticut, Washington, Virginia

Top Academic Programs for Podiatrists:

4. Physicist/Astronomer

Median Salary: $139,220

What They Do: Both physicists and astronomers study the concepts of space, time, energy, and matter. Their work may include developing theories, conducting experiments, and designing new scientific equipment and software. They often write academic papers and attend conferences to share their findings as well. Astronomy is a specialty within the field of physics that focuses on studying outer space and celestial bodies such as planets and stars.

How to Become One: You’ll need to earn a Ph.D. in physics, astronomy, or astrophysics to become qualified for this role. Applicants must have a bachelor’s degree to get into one of these Ph.D. programs, and they typically take about three to five years to complete. Many physicians and astronomers start their careers through a postdoctoral fellowship — these temporary positions allow you to work under the supervision of a senior scientist and continue refining your research skills after earning your Ph.D.

• Projected Job Growth, 2022-2032: 5%
• Highest-Paying States: Pennsylvania, Idaho, South Carolina, New York, Connecticut

Top Academic Programs for Physicists and Astronomers:

Median Salary: $135,740

What They Do: Lawyers provide advice on legal issues and represent their clients in court. Their work may involve researching and interpreting laws, presenting evidence and performing oral arguments during trials, and preparing documents such as contracts, lawsuits, and wills. Lawyers often specialize in a particular area of the law, such as criminal defense, intellectual property, or environmental issues.

How to Become One: This career path will require you to earn a Juris Doctor (J.D.) degree, which takes about seven years of attending college full-time. To access the most lucrative opportunities in this field, you will likely need to graduate from a T14 law school . You will also need to pass the bar exam in order to practice as a lawyer in your state.

• Projected Job Growth, 2022-2032: 8%
• Highest-Paying States: District of Columbia, California, Massachusetts, New York, Connecticut

Top Academic Programs for Lawyers:

6. Pharmacist

Median Salary: $132,750

What They Do: This occupation involves dispensing medications and educating patients about proper drug usage and storage, as well as potential interactions and side effects. They spend much of their time dealing with paperwork, including tasks such as managing patient records, keeping track of inventory, and corresponding with insurance companies. In compounding pharmacies, they also mix ingredients in order to create custom medications.

How to Become One: After graduating high school, it typically takes about six years for aspiring pharmacists to earn their Doctor of Pharmacy (Pharm.D.) degree. You’ll also need to complete an internship in a hospital or retail pharmacy. All states require pharmacists to be licensed — the exact requirements for licensure vary by state, but you’ll at least need to pass the North American Pharmacist Licensure Exam (NAPLEX) and a test on pharmacy law.

• Highest-Paying States: California, Alaska, Oregon, Washington, Minnesota

Top Academic Programs for Pharmacists:

7. Optometrist

Median Salary: $125,590

What They Do: Optometrists diagnose and treat vision problems. Their main responsibilities are performing vision tests, prescribing eyeglasses and contact lenses, and performing minor eye surgeries. It’s important to note that there is a difference between optometrists and ophthalmologists — ophthalmologists often work in a similar role, but they have more medical training and are able to perform more complex surgeries than optometrists.

How to Become One: Doctor of Optometry (O.D.) degree programs require applicants to have a bachelor’s degree and take around four years to complete. In addition to coursework, these programs include a clinical training element that allows you to practice treating patients. You’ll also need to pass a series of National Board of Examiners in Optometry (NBEO) tests and become licensed in your state to practice optometry.

• Projected Job Growth, 2022-2032: 9%
• Highest-Paying States: Alaska, North Carolina, Kentucky, Massachusetts, Texas

Top Academic Programs for Optometrists:

8. Biochemist/Biophysicist

Median Salary: $103,810

What They Do: Biochemists and biophysicists conduct research on the chemical and physical properties of living things and biological processes. Their work involves planning research projects, writing reports on their findings, reviewing literature, and attending conferences. Another key responsibility is writing grant proposals to organizations that may be able to fund their research, such as government agencies and private foundations.

How to Become One: You’ll need a Ph.D. in biochemistry or biophysics to work as an independent researcher in this industry. Such Ph.D. programs usually require applicants to have at least a bachelor’s degree in a related field (biology, engineering, etc.), and they take about five years to complete.

• Projected Job Growth, 2022-2032: 7%
• Highest-Paying States: California, Indiana, Virginia, Massachusetts, New Jersey

Top Academic Programs for Biochemists and Biophysicists:

9. Veterinarian

Median Salary: $103,260

What They Do: Veterinarians provide medical care for animals. They examine animals for health issues, prescribe medication, perform surgery, and euthanize animals when necessary. Many veterinarians exclusively treat pets — in addition to cats and dogs, this may include birds, reptiles, rabbits, and rodents. Other veterinarians specialize in caring for livestock, such as cattle, horses, pigs, and goats.

How to Become One: After earning a bachelor’s degree, you’ll then need to complete four additional years of college at an accredited veterinary school in order to earn your Doctor of Veterinary Medicine degree (also known as a DVM or VMD degree). You will then need to pass the North American Veterinary Licensing Examination and meet any other requirements for licensure in your state. This is the fastest-growing occupation that requires a doctorate for entry-level positions, so you should have no problem finding a job and advancing your career once you have your license.

• Projected Job Growth, 2022-2032: 20%
• Highest-Paying States: Hawaii, Wisconsin, Connecticut, New Jersey, Arizona

Top Academic Programs for Veterinarians:

10. Medical Scientist

Median Salary: $99,930

What They Do: This occupation involves conducting medical research, such as investigating the causes of diseases and creating new treatments. The responsibilities of a medical scientist may include researching and developing drugs and medical devices, designing and managing clinical trials, and standardizing drugs for mass production. Also, they often write articles for medical journals in order to share their findings.

How to Become One: To become a medical scientist, you will either need a professional doctorate in medicine (M.D., D.O., Pharm.D., etc.) or a Ph.D. in a related field, such as genomics or immunology. Completing a dual degree program that allows you to graduate with both a medical degree and a Ph.D. would make you especially well-prepared for this role.

• Projected Job Growth, 2022-2032: 10%
• Highest-Paying States: Connecticut, New Jersey, Tennessee, California, Massachusetts

Top Academic Programs for Medical Scientists:

Frequently Asked Questions

What is a doctorate degree.

A doctorate degree is the most advanced degree you can obtain in most fields. It serves as proof of your expertise in a specific subject area, as it requires significant time, research, and analysis to obtain.

As mentioned above, there are two types of doctorate degrees: Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and professional doctorates such as Doctor of Medicine (M.D.) and Juris Doctor (J.D.). A Ph.D. is a research-focused degree, and to obtain one, students spend much of their time studying and conducting their own research. Professional doctorates focus on practical applications of skills in real-world scenarios.

Who should pursue a doctorate degree?

There are generally two main reasons to consider pursuing a doctorate degree: your ideal job requires it, or you are very passionate about a specific subject.

Keep in mind that a doctorate may take up to seven years to complete, and many high-paying careers only require a bachelor’s or master’s degree. While obtaining a doctorate can be very rewarding, it’s important to consider the significant amount of time, money, and effort you will have to commit to completing your program.

What doctorate degree pays the most?

With an average salary of $229,300, physicians and surgeons make more than any other profession — entering this field will require you to earn a Doctor of Medicine (M.D.) or Doctor of Osteopathic Medicine (D.O.) degree. Several other medical occupations that require a doctorate for entry-level positions, such as dentist, podiatrist, pharmacist, and optometrist, also have exceptionally high salaries.

How much does a doctorate degree cost?

The total cost to get a doctorate degree varies significantly depending on the university you attend, your residency status, your chosen discipline, financial aid eligibility, and more. For example, earning an M.D. at an Ivy League school can cost nearly $80,000 per year in tuition and fees alone, while completing a Ph.D. program at a public college may cost less than $20,000 per year. When planning your program path, make sure to consult your university’s financial aid office to learn how you can get help paying for your doctorate degree.

Interested in a degree instead?

Learn more about online degrees, their start dates, transferring credits, availability of financial aid, and more by contacting the universities below.

10 Highest Paying PhD Degrees 2024

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What are the highest paying Ph.D. degrees? Some of the answers might surprise you.

Key Takeaways :

• The top two highest-paying Ph.D. degrees are Ph.D. in Computer Science (#1) and Ph.D. in Economics (#2).
• The ranking considered the median earnings of the top 10% of wage earners in each field associated with the Ph.D.
• Computer science Ph.D. holders work in cutting-edge research areas like artificial intelligence, data science, and quantum computing.

For this ranking we only considered the highest paying Ph.D./ Doctoral level programs. This means you won’t find lawyers or doctors on this list, because M.D. and law degrees are different from Ph.D.s; while you can earn a Ph.D. in law, it’s not required in order to work in any position at the highest-paying levels of the field. There are, however, areas of the medical field that don’t require M.D. degrees and instead require other kinds of doctoral degrees; these areas were included. For this ranking, we looked at the median earnings of the top 10% of wage earners in each field associated with the Ph.D. in question. While the ranking includes information about job growth rate and the number of jobs projected to be added over the next ten years, the top 10% salary is the only determining factor when deciding the position of each Ph.D. in the ranking. We hope this ranking of the top ten highest paying Ph.D. degrees will help you determine whether or not earning a Ph.D. in one of these fields is the right step for your career.

Featured Programs

Detailing the highest paying doctorate degrees, #1. ph.d. in computer science.

You will often find computer science Ph.D. holders working in cutting-edge computer science research in artificial intelligence, data science, quantum computing, cryptography, programming languages, and robotics. Most people are aware of programmers and roughly what their job entails. Computer science researchers create the languages that programmers use to develop applications. At the core, computer science researchers tend to be devoted to understanding how to solve very specific, complex problems that involving technology and how we use it to automate tasks. You can find high-level computer science researchers running their own companies, working for the government in a variety of contexts, working for private corporations, and teaching and conducting research at just about every major university in the United States. In many cases, they do more than one of those things at the same time.

• Top 10% Salary: $189,780
• 2018-2028 Projected Job Growth Rate: 16%
• 2018-2028 Job Number Projected Growth: 5,200

#2. Ph.D. in Economics

Economics is one of the most ambitious fields of study. It attempts to combine the elements of behavioral science, statistics and probability, game theory, and ethics to understand human behavior, make predictions about market trends, and make recommendations about economic policy in order to solve economic problems. It’s not an easy job. Most of economics involves analyzing historical economics and using that information to create theories which explain the observed behavior, devising experiments to determine whether or not such behavior is reproducible, factoring in issues of cultural differences, and overall, attempting to determine what actions the government can take or not take to improve the economic well-being of society and the individual. Most economists focus on one specific area of economics and collaborate with people who focus on other areas, because the subject is too big for one person to study broadly.

• Top 10% Salary: $185,020
• 2018-2028 Projected Job Growth Rate: 8%
• 2018-2028 Job Number Projected Growth: 1,700

#3. Ph.D. in Nursing

Nursing as a field has continued to grow and expand greatly over the past century or so since modern nursing practices were first established. The two highest-paid types of nurses are nurse practitioners and nurse anesthetists. Nurse practitioners serve as primary care providers and are very similar in the way they function to doctors. They assess patients, develop treatments, prescribe medications, and order labs, all while working independently. Nurse anesthetists administer anesthesia for surgical procedures, and provide patient care at all stages of the surgical process, essentially functioning the same as an anesthesiologist. For these advanced positions you might want to consider one of the affordable online DNP programs we feature in this ranking .

• Top 10% Salary: $184,180
• 2018-2028 Projected Job Growth Rate: 26%
• 2018-2028 Job Number Projected Growth: 62,000

#4. Ph.D. in Pharmacology (Doctor of Pharmacy)

It’s not easy to become a pharmacist. Once you earn your Ph.D., you have to pass the state licensure and law exams. It’s also not a commonly available degree. Out of over 5,000 colleges and universities in the United States, there were only 128 fully accredited Pharm.D. programs accredited by the Accreditation Council for Pharmacy Education. It’s incredibly important to ensure you attend an accredited Pharm.D. program. The Ph.D. typically takes 4 years to finish. However, there are some highly-focused programs that allow high school graduates to earn their bachelor’s and graduate degree/degrees in about six years of intensive full-time study. The most common employers of pharmacists are pharmacies and hospitals, and grocery/retail stores with pharmacies attached or pharmaceuticals departments.

• Top 10% Salary: $162,900
• 2018-2028 Projected Job Growth Rate: 0%
• 2018-2028 Job Number Projected Growth: -100

#5. Chemistry Ph.D.

At its core, chemistry is the study of the substances that make up the world around us. Chemists study, particularly, the interactions of those substances. There are different areas of specialization within chemistry, usually focusing on a specific kind of material or specific applications of materials. These include analytical chemists, forensic chemists, inorganic chemists, medicinal chemists, organic chemists, physical chemists, and theoretical chemists. The work chemists do has an incredible impact on our society, as it is their experimental research that leads to the development of everything from plastics to medicines to pollution control technologies.

• Top 10% Salary: $157,780
• 2018-2028 Projected Job Growth Rate: 4%
• 2018-2028 Job Number Projected Growth: 3,500

#6. Ph.D. in Physics

Most high-level physics jobs are in research, whether in an academic, corporate, or government setting. In many cases, physics research impacts all three of those sectors on some level. In most cases, the practical implications of physics research aren’t clear until years, sometimes decades, or even centuries later. In the case of theoretical physics, it can take decades just to develop the technology required to perform the experiments to test a hypothesis. One of the best examples of the nature of the study of physics is gravity. Sir Isaac Newton developed the theory of gravity centuries ago. And still to this day, little is known about this force. We know it exists, and a little bit about the effects it has on earth and in our solar system. But we know very little about what gravity is, and how and why it works the way it does. There are certainly more concrete areas of physics to focus on than theoretical physics, however. Medical physicists, for instance, tend to work in healthcare, using physics to develop new medical technologies. These technologies vary from radiation therapies to imaging technologies.

• Top 10% Salary: $148,110
• 2018-2028 Projected Job Growth Rate:
• 2018-2028 Job Number Projected Growth:

#7. Engineering Ph.D.

Engineering is certainly one of the highest-paying fields in the world, currently. However in order to prevent this ranking from featuring six or seven engineering degrees, we found data from the Bureau of Labor Statistics that combined the relevant numbers for all engineering fields. The five highest-paying engineering specialties are petroleum engineers, computer hardware engineers, aerospace engineers, nuclear engineers, and electronics engineers. People holding an engineering Ph.D. will often be found working at the top levels of the field in research, consulting, and in executive R&D positions.

• Top 10% Salary: $147,000
• 2018-2028 Job Number Projected Growth: 139,300

#8. Mathematics/Statistics Ph.D.

Mathematicians and statisticians work in an incredibly broad range of fields. Of course, many work in academia, developing new mathematical theories, conducting research, and building upon the work of mathematicians past. But you will also find them in finance, on Wall Street, working on high end computer and artificial intelligence research, cryptography, economics, behavioral sciences, and in the data analysis actuarial sciences and risk assessment.

• Top 10% Salary: $146,770
• 2018-2028 Projected Job Growth Rate: 30%
• 2018-2028 Job Number Projected Growth: 14,400

#9. Ph.D. in Immunology

Immunologists are a highly specialized and focused subset of microbiologists. The salary and job growth rate data we used from the Bureau of Labor Statistics is for microbiologists as a whole, as there is no separate category for immunologists specifically. Immunologists focus on the area of microbiology having to do with human immune systems and their interactions with various microorganisms like bacteria and viruses. Immunologists work primarily in research, often in the development of vaccines. Some immunologists also hold medical degrees, but it is only necessary to have both in very specific situations.

• Top 10% Salary: $134,000
• 2018-2028 Projected Job Growth Rate: 5%
• 2018-2028 Job Number Projected Growth: 1,100

#10. Ph.D. in Psychology

Psychology is a broad field encompassing areas like clinical psychology, developmental psychology, forensic psychology, industrial-organizational psychology, rehabilitation psychology, and school psychology. Psychologists, even those who work in academia, tend to specialize and have practiced, and now teach and conduct research in one of these areas of psychology. The vast majority of psychologists are clinical psychologists, making up 162,000 out of 181,700 psychologists. Clinical psychologists are responsible for the assessment, diagnosis, and treatment of emotional, behavioral, and mental disorders. Clinical psychologists are only permitted to prescribe medication in Idaho, Illinois, Iowa, Louisiana, and New Mexico. In all other states, they tend to work closely with medical professionals to determine appropriate treatment for patients. If you are interested in affordable and convenient programs, we’ve got an article here featuring great online phd in psychology programs .

• Top 10% Salary: $132,070
• 2018-2028 Projected Job Growth Rate: 14%
• 2018-2028 Job Number Projected Growth: 26,100

FAQ on Highest Paying Doctorates

When is a good time to earn my ph.d..

The best answer to this question is when it makes the most sense for you. In many cases, rushing straight through undergraduate, graduate, and postgraduate programs is not the best course of action. It’s often better to earn your master’s or Ph.D. once you have some experience in your field. This is because in many cases, doctoral education is highly individualized. Your learning at this point is mostly driven by where your interests lie, and your research will be determined by questions you want to answer or problems you want to solve. And in many cases, it takes time spent working in a profession for you to determine where your interests lie and what those questions or problems are. For instance, almost every job in engineering can be done by somebody with a master’s degree. Deciding to earn a Ph.D. in engineering should be driven by a specific need or interest.

There are, of course, exceptions, including some of the fields featured in this ranking. Theoretical physicists, economists, and mathematicians, for instance, do highly theoretical work, and the academic setting tends to be the main place they can work to support themselves while conducting their research. Psychologists will often find they want or need a Ph.D. in order to open their own practice.

Does the school I attend for my Ph.D. matter?

It depends. When applying for highly competitive research positions in areas like computer science, physics, economics, or other sciences, a Ph.D. from Stanford or MIT might get you a lot farther than a Ph.D. from a less prestigious school. However, other factors also matter. The quality of your published work, your professional accomplishments, and your aptitude all factor in as well.

For professions like engineering, nursing, and psychology, the quality of the program is still important but the prestige of your university is less of an issue.

How do I pay for my Ph.D.?

There are, generally speaking, three main ways to pay for your Ph.D. program. The first is that the corporation or organization you work for might pay for it. Most companies have tuition assistance programs designed to help employees with the cost of professional development, including earning advanced degrees, especially if the organization you’re working with is conducting research.

The second is to teach at the university where you are earning your degree. Ph.D. students are often also professors. In many cases, this allows them to earn money by teaching while also earning their Ph.D. for either greatly reduced tuition or for free. This is how most people who plan to teach and conduct research in academia pay for their Ph.D. programs.

The third is to pay for it through a combination of institutional and federal financial aid, loans, and out of your own pocket.

Can I do my Ph.D. online?

It depends on the field in which you’re earning your degree. Online Ph.D. programs are pretty rare. They are almost nonexistent in the sciences because earning your Ph.D. in a scientific discipline often requires access to laboratories and specialized equipment in order to conduct your research and practice procedures. Ph.D. programs are more difficult to adapt to the online format because of how highly individualized they tend to be, requiring close collaboration with your advisor. This is one of the reasons they are so rarely offered online. However, online Ph.D. programs are becoming more and more common as colleges and universities find ways to harness technology to solve some of these problems. So if an online Ph.D. is something that interests you, definitely investigate your options thoroughly and you might find one that suits your needs.

Bureau of Labor Statistics Page

Related Resources:

• Doctorate Degree Online
• Cheapest Online PhD in Finance
• Online PhD Marriage and Family Counseling
• Online PhD Organizational Psychology
• Highest Paying Nursing Jobs

This concludes our ranking of the ten highest paying PhD degrees.

EdD vs. PhD in Education: Why Choose an EdD?

EdD or PhD? This is one of the first decisions aspiring education leaders face when exploring options for advanced degrees. The need for leaders in the field has never been greater. Integrating new educational methods and technology, addressing diversity and other social issues, and managing growing requirements for remote learning—these are just a few of the issues currently challenging educators. Taking a step toward earning an EdD or a PhD requires that prospective students first explore the differences between them to determine which track best serves their interests and aspirations.

Both degrees prepare graduates for rewarding careers and leadership roles in the education field , but they vary significantly in terms of study focus and typical career paths. Future education leaders wondering why to get an EdD or a PhD should understand the differences between the two degrees before they choose to pursue one.

What Is a Doctor of Education (EdD) Degree?

An EdD is an advanced degree in the education field that prepares graduates to succeed in leadership roles in higher education. EdD curricula incorporate heavy coursework in education policy, research methods, current social and political issues impacting students and teachers, developing teams and procedures, collaborating with internal and external partners, and managing and planning budgets.

EdD programs provide a solid foundation in modern education system operations, as well as extensive tools to create strategies and implement solutions to help schools and educational organizations succeed. Someone who has an EdD can teach or serve as an educator, but the degree program is more focused on helping graduates become leaders of educational organizations.

What Is a Doctor of Philosophy (PhD) Degree?

A PhD is an advanced degree that individuals and professionals can typically earn after attaining a master’s degree. A PhD can be attained in several academic subjects, including education, and often prepares students for careers in more research-oriented positions, as well as university and college instructor roles. The curriculum for a PhD in education can vary by school, but it often includes coursework in educational research and evaluation, teaching methods, and a larger dissertation on topics or subjects in the education field.

Job Outlook

In broad terms, EdD programs help graduates gain a deep understanding of education as a field and profession, developing leadership expertise for various educational settings. The PhD track is more research oriented, helping graduates prepare for both the classroom and research aspects of teaching at a postsecondary institution. A closer look at career paths, salary projections, and growth outlooks can help differentiate the programs further.

EdD vs. PhD: Common Career Paths

When considering why to get an EdD or a PhD, it’s important to look at what happens after graduation. EdD and PhD programs’ different areas of focus mean each program best prepares graduates for different career options. The most common path for PhD recipients is to go right back into postsecondary education, with the hope of becoming tenured professors at a college or university. Gaining an EdD opens a variety of doors in the education sector.

Professional Options with an EdD

EdD graduates will have some research background, for example, in examining the implementation of a new curriculum and student response. EdD graduates also benefit from classes focused on leadership and strategic planning, which provide a more business-oriented viewpoint of education and illustrate how policies can impact education at all levels.

Educators who earn an EdD can choose to pursue any of a variety of paths throughout education. Most commonly, they go into elementary, secondary, or postsecondary administration, serving in such roles as college dean or school district superintendent. EdD graduates from a school such as American University can also become college professors or run education-based nonprofit organizations.

Professional Options with a PhD

PhD programs place greater emphasis on research, and graduates commonly work in academia or pursue academic research. Experts in their specific area of focus, they may choose to continue their research with students or other professors.

A person who holds a PhD in education can serve as a professor at a university, a consultant, or a researcher in a government education agency or organization, as well as in a larger leadership role in school or university administration.

EdD vs. PhD: Salary Comparison

Many education leadership roles can be filled by professionals who have earned either an EdD or a PhD, so their respective earning potential is difficult to define precisely. Salaries largely depend upon experience and geographic location. Salary ranges for postsecondary educators, for example, vary widely depending on whether an educator is working at the associate or assistant level or has attained a full professorship. 

According to Payscale, the median annual salary for professionals with a PhD in education is approximately $80,000. Payscale notes that assistant professors of postsecondary/higher education have a median annual salary of roughly $69,000. 

Doctoral degree holders who attain advanced roles in academia earn higher salaries:  Deans with the degree have a median salary of around $93,000 annually, according to Payscale. 

The median annual salary for EdD degree holders is around $80,000 in June 2022, according to Payscale. Salaries for EdD professionals can vary significantly by role. For example, Payscale reports the median annual salary of associate professors working in postsecondary/higher education is around $71,000, while EdD professionals serving in an executive director role have a median salary of around $104,000 per year.

Growth Outlook for EdD vs. PhD

The bright career outlook for degree holders is another reason to get an EdD or PhD. Advanced leadership roles for education professionals generally have a positive growth outlook. According to the US Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS), the number of jobs for postsecondary teachers will grow by 12 percent between 2020 and 2030, which is much faster than the average 8 percent growth the BLS projects for all professions. The BLS estimates that over the same period, postsecondary education administrator positions will grow by 8 percent, which is on par with the national job growth average projected by the BLS.

Differences Between EdD and PhD 

EdDs and PhDs are valuable to professionals seeking to become leaders in education. Both require significant commitments—a doctoral-level degree can take three years or more to complete. While there’s overlap between the coursework and career options for EdD and PhD programs, a review of the differences can help determine a good fit for prospective students.

The curricula for the degrees themselves prepare students for different career paths after they graduate. There are generally more options and specialties for PhD programs than there are for EdD programs. An EdD primarily prepares graduates to become leaders and strategists in the education field—for example, as superintendents, deans, provosts, and school district officials—while a PhD is more tailored to preparing graduates for instructional and research roles in education and higher education, for example, as professors and researchers.

This doesn’t mean that an EdD degree holder can’t serve as a professor or an instructor in a university environment or that a PhD in education degree holder can’t succeed as a superintendent or a dean. EdD programs just focus on the larger scope and strategy of an educational organization or institution, while PhD programs are more tightly focused on academic research.

EdD candidates learn about different educational and leadership styles and how education fits into the larger world. They explore policy at the local, state, national, and international levels. Ultimately they discover how to spearhead change throughout the educational system. EdD graduates can learn how to make strategic partnerships and forge meaningful relationships in the professional world.

PhD students focus much more on research methods and data collection. They typically explore a more narrowly focused dissertation than that of EdD students. PhD students often choose their specific area of research and then spend much of their time collecting, analyzing, and interpreting data so that they can draw informed conclusions. While EdD work looks at systemic progress and trends, PhD work typically examines education theory and methods, with the end goal of having them applied directly in the classroom.

Ultimately both degrees are associated with professionals who’ve earned leadership roles in education, and both degrees enable degree holders to make a positive impact on students’ lives and on educational communities.

Why Get an EdD?

One of the main reasons to get an EdD is that it can prepare graduates to take on leadership roles in different aspects of education. These are more commonly operational roles in academia, such as a higher education administrator. However, an EdD education can also lead to roles in a classroom setting, such as a professor.

The process of earning an EdD degree helps individuals gain expertise in concepts such as leadership, academic policy, and resource management. While these skills are often useful in administration, policy development and implication, and leadership contexts, an EdD can also give degree holders the foundational knowledge to conduct academic research. 

Choosing an EdD Program

No two EdD programs are alike. Exploring their differences can help prospective students determine the program that’s the right fit for them. EdD programs may offer varying specializations, for example, education policy and leadership or school administration. Programs can also differ in delivery options, such as online versus in-person coursework. 

Benefits of an Online EdD

Individuals who opt to pursue their EdD through an online program can benefit in several ways. A significant advantage is the flexibility of an online program, as its structure makes it possible for students to build their studies and coursework around their existing schedule.

Another benefit of an online EdD program is that students who are concurrently working full-time can immediately apply what they’ve learned to their job. Additionally, the flexibility of an online program fosters discipline, such as good time management, which is essential for professional success.

Become an Education Leader  

As society continues to evolve, effective leadership will be needed to guide educational institutions toward a brighter future. Earning an EdD can prepare an individual to guide others confidently as an academic leader, either in the classroom or in an administrative role. Being fully able to lead this charge can make earning an EdD an immensely satisfying achievement.

American University’s online EdD in Education Policy and Leadership program offers students a flexible option to participate in an innovative EdD program from one of the nation’s leading universities. Because the program is online, professionals have the ability to pursue their educational leadership goals and connect with established thought leaders and decision makers, all while still being able to balance their other responsibilities. 

Explore American University’s innovative program to learn more about how the EdD in Education Policy and Leadership program can help educators advance in their field and change lives.

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Indeed, “FAQ: How Much Can You Earn With a Doctorate in Education?”

Indeed, “FAQ: Should I Get a Doctorate in Education? (Plus Career Options)”

Payscale, Doctor of Education (EdD) Degree

Payscale, Doctorate (PhD), Education Degree

United States Bureau of Labor Statistics, Postsecondary Education Administrators

United States Bureau of Labor Statistics, Postsecondary Teachers

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The Ph.D. in Education equips students to systematically examine the theoretical and practical challenges evident across the P-20 educational pipeline to address the issue of inequity. The degree program will prepare individuals for careers in academia, research, and policy centers, as well as for high-level administration and curricular positions at educational institutions and agencies.

The program offers seven concentrations:

• Comparative and International Education 
• Higher Education Leadership
• Mathematics Education
• Science Education

The educational objectives for the PhD in Education are the following:

• To advance research on inequity issues within the full P-20 educational pipeline.
• To prepare students to use original and existing research to transform educational practice.
• To equip future educational researchers with innovative teaching experience and cutting-edge transdisciplinary research experience to become attractive job candidates on the academic market.
• To prepare candidates to create a collaborative learning community that integrates all the various educational contexts.
• To prepare candidates to be critical thinkers who focus on leadership, policy, ethics, and social justice.

Candidates for the PhD in Education degree must complete a minimum of 54 academic credit hours, pass the comprehensive exam, and submit and successfully defend a research-based dissertation. All students in the program will be expected to complete academic core and research courses of 27 credits and concentration courses of 27 credits. The concentration courses are presented on the the relevant pages and in the PhD Program Handbook .

The Core 27 credits consist of the following:

Academic Core (9 Credits):

• ASLP 600 Introduction to Doctoral Studies and Academic Writing (3)
• ASLP 640 Race and Public Policy in Education (3)
• ASLP 642 Equity and Social Justice in Education (3)

Research (15 Credits)

• ASLP 620 Introduction to Educational Research (3)
• ASLP 700 Methods of Inquiry (3)
• ASLP 710 Quantitative Research Methods (3)
• ASLP 712 Qualitative Research Methods (3)
• *Students will complete an additional 3 credits of advanced research electives related to their chosen methodology.

Dissertation (3 credits)

• ASLP 997/998 (3)

The department offers different delivery options for each concentration. For a full listing please click here .

Students in concentration areas that offer both the High and Low Residency option will be required to select their delivery mode upon admission into the program. Students who wish to switch their delivery option will need to make a formal request to the program direction with an acceptable reason.

Prospective students should complete this brief interest form to be connected to a faculty member for more information.

Admissions Deadlines:

• Priority deadline for those seeking graduate student funding : January 15
• Assessment, Evaluation, and Research: March 1
• Community College Leadership: July 1
• Comparative and International Education: March 1
• Higher Education Leadership: March 1
• Mathematics Education: July 1
• Science Education: July 1
• Urban Educational Leadership: March 1

The School of Graduate Studies coordinates the application process. 

Our program offers three types of funding:

• Graduate Research Assistantships
• Graduate Teaching Assistantships
• Tuition Awards

Many of our students also leverage their Tuition Remission benefits from local institutions like the   USM schools ,   JHU , or   Morgan State . Tuition Remission is determined and coordinated by your institution. We encourage you to speak with your HR representative about how to use these benefits. 

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Dr. Frimpomaa Ampaw Chair Department of Advanced Studies, Leadership and Policy Banneker Building #315J

P: (443) 885-1908 E: [email protected]

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