neurologic presentations of nutritional deficiencies

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Neurology of Nutritional Deficiencies

• Neurology of Systemic Diseases (J Biller, Section Editor)
• Published: 26 November 2019
• Volume 19 , article number  101 , ( 2019 )

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• Kristin L. Miller 1 ,
• Gabriela Trifan 1 &
• Fernando D. Testai 1  

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7 Citations

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Purpose of Review

The goal of this chapter is to educate clinicians on the neurologic manifestations of certain nutritional deficiencies in order to promptly identify and appropriately treat these patients.

Recent Findings

Many vitamin and nutritional deficiencies have been described dating back to the early days of neurology and medicine. Some are very rare and thus, there are no randomized controlled studies to assess supplementation or dosage; however, there are reviews of case reports that can assist clinicians in choosing treatments.

While endemic vitamin and nutritional deficiencies may be rarely encountered in many countries, vulnerable populations continue to be at risk for developing neurologic complications. These populations include those with diseases causing malabsorption, the elderly, chronic alcohol users, as well as pregnant mothers with hyperemesis gravidarum to name a few. It is important to recognize syndromes associated with these nutritional deficiencies, as prompt identification and treatment may prevent permanent neurologic damage.

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Department of Neurology and Rehabilitation, University of Illinois at Chicago College of Medicine, 912 S Wood St, Chicago, IL, 60612, USA

Kristin L. Miller, Gabriela Trifan & Fernando D. Testai

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Miller, K.L., Trifan, G. & Testai, F.D. Neurology of Nutritional Deficiencies. Curr Neurol Neurosci Rep 19 , 101 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11910-019-1011-2

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Published : 26 November 2019

DOI : https://doi.org/10.1007/s11910-019-1011-2

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Nutritional Neuropathies

• PMID: 37851039
• DOI: 10.1212/CON.0000000000001292

Objective: This article reviews the etiologies, presentations, and management of neuropathies related to nutritional deficiencies.

Latest developments: Peripheral neuropathy can be the predominant or only manifestation of certain nutrient deficiencies. Cognitive difficulties or involvement of other parts of the central nervous system, such as the optic nerve and spinal cord, may accompany nutritional peripheral neuropathies. In most patients, the nutritional deficiency may have a single predominant cause, but in some cases, multiple causes may coexist. Obesity, for unclear reasons, can be associated with nutrient deficiencies. The rising rates of bariatric surgery and the incidence of nutrient deficiencies following bariatric surgery make this a particularly relevant topic for neurologists.

Essential points: Neuropathies caused by nutrient deficiencies are preventable with appropriate supplementation in high-risk situations. Early recognition and prompt treatment are essential to ensure an optimal outcome and minimize neurologic morbidity.

Copyright © 2023 American Academy of Neurology.

Publication types

• Bariatric Surgery* / adverse effects
• Peripheral Nervous System Diseases* / diagnosis
• Peripheral Nervous System Diseases* / etiology
• Peripheral Nervous System Diseases* / therapy