assessment problem solving under constant pressure

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How to Deal with High Pressure Situations at Work

• Tomas Chamorro-Premuzic

Identify your triggers (and practice).

What can you do to improve your ability to deal with pressure, or at least avoid choking under pressure in critical career moments? Here are four science-based recommendations that can help.

• Know your threshold. Practical tips for building self-awareness include getting feedback from trusted colleagues and friends, evaluating your performance under different degrees of pressure, and paying attention to your emotional reactions in potentially triggering situations.
• Identify your triggers. We can all learn to minimize situations that put too much pressure on us by planning, prioritizing, picking our battles, and going outside our comfort zones  within reason — without going over the tipping point. As with any skill or ability, practice is key.
• Use these strategies to cope in the moment: When it comes on quickly,  de-emphasize the seriousness of a stressful situation by focusing less on yourself, finding something or someone else to focus on, trying to enjoy certain aspects of the situation, and leveraging effective self-presentation (humor, honesty, vulnerability).
• Don’t avoid pressure entirely. You will probably want to keep some level of pressure in your life. It will ensure that you develop strength and resilience, that your competitive instincts get activated, and that you go outside your comfort zone to achieve bigger things.

Many of the things we’re proud to achieve in life are the product, not just of our talent and effort , but also our ability to handle pressure . From studying for exams, to preparing for job interviews, to giving a big speech or presentation, it’s hard to conceive of any career-defining moments that aren’t peppered with pressure.

• Tomas Chamorro-Premuzic is the Chief Innovation Officer at ManpowerGroup, a professor of business psychology at University College London and at Columbia University, co-founder of  deepersignals.com , and an associate at Harvard’s Entrepreneurial Finance Lab. He is the author of  Why Do So Many Incompetent Men Become Leaders? (and How to Fix It ) , upon which his  TEDx talk  was based. His latest book is I, Human: AI, Automation, and the Quest to Reclaim What Makes Us Unique.   Find him at  www.drtomas.com . drtcp

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31 examples of problem solving performance review phrases

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You're doing great

You should think of improving

Tips to improve

Use these practical examples of phrases, sample comments, and templates for your performance review , 360-degree feedback survey, or manager appraisal.

The following examples not only relate to problem-solving but also conflict management , effective solutions, selecting the best alternatives, decision making , problem identification, analyzing effectively, and generally becoming an effective problem-solving strategist. Start using effective performance review questions to help better guide your workforce's development. 

Problem solving appraisal comments: you're doing great

• You always maintain an effective dialogue with clients when they have technical problems. Being clear and articulate makes sure our customers' faults are attended to promptly.
• You constantly make sure to look beyond the obvious you never stop at the first answer. You’re really good at exploring alternatives. Well done!
• Keeping the supervisors and managers informed of status changes and requests is important. You’re really good at communicating the changes to the projects at all times. Keep it up!
• You stay cool and collected even when things aren’t going according to plan or up in the air. This is a great trait to possess. Well done!
• You’re excellent at giving an honest and logical analysis. Keep it up! Effectively diagnosing complex problems and reaching sustainable solutions is one of your strong points.
• Your ability to ability to make complex systems into simple ones is truly a unique skill to possess. Well done!
• You often identify practical solutions to every roadblock. You’re a real asset to the team! Great job.
• You always listen actively and attentively to make sure you understand what the exact problem is and you come up with solutions in an effective manner.
• You have an amazing ability to clearly explain options and solutions effectively and efficiently. Well done!
• When driving projects, you can shift to other areas comfortably and easily. making sure the project runs smoothly. Great job!

Problem solving performance review phrases: you should think of improving

• You always seem too overwhelmed when faced with multiple problems. Try to think of ways to make problems more manageable so that they can be solved in a timely and effective manner.
• Avoiding conflicts constantly with people is not a good idea as you will only build up personal frustration and nothing will be done to remedy the situation. Try to face people when there are problems and rectify problems when they occur.
• Don’t allow demanding customers to rattle your cage too much. If they become too demanding, take a step back, regulate your emotions , and try to make use of online support tools to help you rectify problems these tools can help a lot!
• It’s necessary that you learn from your past mistakes . You cannot keep making the same mistakes , as this is not beneficial to the company.
• You tend to ask the same questions over and over again. Try to listen more attentively or take notes when colleagues are answering!
• Providing multiple solutions in an indirect and creative approach will allow you to be more effective at problem-solving . if you struggle with this typically through viewing the problem in a new and unusual light.
• You fail to provide staff with the appropriate amount of structure and direction. They must know the direction you wish them to go in to achieve their goals .
• You need to be able to recognize repetitive trends to solve problems promptly.
• You tend to have problems troubleshooting even the most basic of questions. As a problem solver and customer support person, it’s imperative that you can answer these questions easily.
• Read through your training manual and make sure you fully understand it before attempting questions again.

Performance review tips to improve problem solving

• Try to complain less about problems and come up with solutions to the problems more often. Complaining is not beneficial to progression and innovation.
• As a problem solver, it’s important to be able to handle multiple priorities under short deadlines.
• You need to be able to effectively distinguish between the cause and the symptoms of problems to solve them in an efficient and timely manner.
• Try to anticipate problems in advance before they become major roadblocks down the road.
• Try to view obstacles as opportunities to learn and thrive at the challenge of solving the problem.
• Remember to prioritize problems according to their degree of urgency. It's important that you spend the majority of your time on urgent tasks over menial ones.
• When putting plans into place, stick to them and make sure they are completed.
• When solving problems, try to allocate appropriate levels of resources when undertaking new projects. It is important to become as efficient and as effective as possible.
• Try to learn to pace yourself when solving problems to avoid burnout . You’re a great asset to the team and we cannot afford to lose at this point.
• Meeting regularly with your staff to review results is vital to the problem-solving process.
• Staff that has regular check-ins understand what it is that is required of them, what they are currently achieving, and areas they may need to improve. Try to hold one-on-one meetings every week.

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Madeline Miles

Madeline is a writer, communicator, and storyteller who is passionate about using words to help drive positive change. She holds a bachelor's in English Creative Writing and Communication Studies and lives in Denver, Colorado. In her spare time, she's usually somewhere outside (preferably in the mountains) — and enjoys poetry and fiction.

25 performance review questions (and how to use them)

How a performance review template improves the feedback process, 10 performance review tips to drastically move the needle, 53 performance review examples to boost growth, 3 ways to solve your performance management problems, agile performance management: how to improve an agile team, 5 tactics for managing managers effectively — and why it matters, how to manage poor performance in 5 steps, 6 tactics to unlock operational excellence and drive performance, 27 problem-solving strategies to turn challenges on their head, teamwork skills self-appraisal comments: 40 example phrases, your complete guide to self-assessments (with examples), 30 communication feedback examples, 30 customer service review examples to develop your team, 15 tips for your end-of-year reviews, 37 innovation and creativity appraisal comments, 8 creative solutions to your most challenging problems, stay connected with betterup, get our newsletter, event invites, plus product insights and research..

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Essential Work Under Pressure Skills For Professional Success

• Updated At 2024-11-07
• Management & Leadership | Quality & Productivity |

Show Table of Contents

• Table of Contents
• Introduction 

What Does Working Under Pressure Mean?

Why do employers value the ability to work under pressure, the pulse of the professional world, catalyst for innovation, consistent performance in the face of uncertainty, client and stakeholder confidence, adaptability in a shifting landscape, efficiency in crisis management, what skills do you need to work under pressure, 1. time management, 2. decision-making, 3. adaptability, 4. communication, 5. problem-solving, 6. stress management, 7. teamwork, 8. attention to detail, 9. leadership, 10. self-motivation, jobs that demand work under pressure skills, 1. emergency services, 2. healthcare professionals, 3. project management, 4. journalism, 5. air traffic controllers, 6. sales and marketing, 7. military operations, 8. event management, 9. legal professions, 10. aviation pilots.

• How to Say You Work Under Pressure in a Resume (Without Saying It) 

1- Resume Objective

2- skills section, 3- work experience, 4- achievements, 5- education section, 6- certifications, 7- volunteer experience, 8- professional memberships, 9- cover letter, tips to manage working under pressure, 1. prioritise tasks, 2. break it down, 3. maintain a positive mindset, 4. seek support, 5. learn from experience, 6. time management techniques, 7. continuous learning, 8. physical well-being, 9. maintain perspective, 10. develop a toolkit of coping mechanisms, 11. embrace change as an opportunity, 12. communicate effectively, introduction  .

Thriving in the professional arena often requires more than just technical expertise. One crucial skill that can set you apart is the ability to work under pressure. It's not merely a catchphrase but a trait employers highly value. In this blog post, we'll delve into what working under pressure truly means, why employers consider it a prized quality, the essential skills required, job domains where it's paramount, subtle ways to convey it on your resume, and some invaluable tips to navigate the demanding landscape.

Working under pressure is more than just meeting tight deadlines or handling challenging situations. It's a dynamic skill that encompasses staying calm, focused, and effective in the face of adversity. Whether it's a looming project deadline, a crisis in the boardroom, or a sudden shift in priorities, those who excel under pressure display resilience and adaptability.

In the dynamic professional realm, change is the only constant. Employers recognise that individuals who navigate and excel amid uncertainty are invaluable assets to their organisations. The ability to work under pressure is a litmus test for an individual's adaptability and composure in high-stakes scenarios, making it a trait that resonates with the pulse of the professional world.

It's often said that necessity is the mother of invention, and pressure is the catalyst that propels innovation. Employers value individuals who don't merely survive under pressure but thrive in it, as these individuals are more likely to find creative solutions to problems. The necessity to think on one's feet, adapt strategies swiftly, and envision unconventional approaches is heightened in high-pressure situations. This innovative mindset isn't just an asset; it's a driving force behind breakthroughs and improvements in processes, contributing significantly to the overall growth and development of the organisation.

In an era of unpredictability, employers seek individuals who can maintain consistent performance levels regardless of external pressures. The ability to deliver quality work under stressful conditions ensures that the wheels of progress keep turning, even when faced with unexpected challenges. This resilience in the face of uncertainty is a testament to an employee's dedication and reliability, qualities that employers cherish as they contribute directly to the organisation's stability and success.

From a client and stakeholder perspective, confidence in a business or service provider is paramount. Clients want to know that their projects will be handled with diligence and expertise, even when unforeseen challenges arise. Employers value the ability to work under pressure because it directly translates to the assurance that commitments will be met, deadlines adhered to, and challenges overcome without compromising the quality of deliverables. This instil confidence in clients and stakeholders, fostering long-term relationships and positive reputations.

The business landscape is marked by constant change—technological advancements, market shifts, and global events can reshape industries overnight. Employers recognise that individuals who can work under pressure possess a unique skill set that aligns seamlessly with the demands of a shifting landscape. Whether adapting to new technologies, navigating changes in market dynamics, or responding to unexpected crises, those adept at working under pressure become linchpins in an organisation's ability to survive and thrive amidst change.

In times of crisis, an organisation's ability to navigate challenges efficiently can be the difference between success and failure. Employers value individuals who can keep a level head, make informed decisions, and execute plans precisely during critical moments. The capacity to manage crises effectively is a testament to an employee's strategic thinking, leadership potential, and overall contribution to the organisation's resilience in the face of adversity.

In essence, the ability to work under pressure is not merely a skill; it's a multifaceted quality that speaks to an individual's adaptability, innovation, consistency, client and stakeholder confidence, adaptability, and efficiency in crisis management. Employers recognise that those who possess this ability are not just assets in demanding situations but linchpins for organisational success in the ever-evolving landscape of the professional world.

Time management is the cornerstone of working effectively under pressure. The ability to prioritise tasks, allocate time wisely, and maintain a sense of urgency ensures that deadlines are met without compromising the quality of work. Successful time management prevents a backlog of responsibilities, enabling individuals to navigate high-pressure situations seamlessly.  

Quick, informed  decision-making is a pivotal skill under pressure. Individuals who excel in high-stakes situations can analyse information swiftly, assess available options, and make decisions that align with the project's or task's overarching goals. Sound decision-making is crucial for maintaining momentum and achieving objectives under tight timelines.

Flexibility and adaptability are essential traits for those working under pressure. The capacity to adjust strategies and approaches swiftly in response to changing circumstances is paramount. Whether it's a sudden shift in project priorities or an unexpected challenge, individuals who can adapt seamlessly demonstrate resilience and maintain effectiveness in dynamic environments.

Clear and  effective communication becomes even more critical in high-pressure environments. The ability to convey information concisely, articulate ideas, and collaborate with team members ensures everyone is on the same page. Effective communication minimises the risk of misunderstandings, streamlines processes, and fosters a collaborative environment even in the midst of pressure.

High-pressure situations often come with unforeseen challenges. The ability to solve problems efficiently and methodically is a key skill. Individuals who excel under pressure can analyse complex issues, identify viable solutions, and implement them effectively. Strong  problem-solving skills contribute to maintaining progress and preventing setbacks.

Stress is an inevitable companion in high-pressure scenarios.  Statistics show that 80% of workers in America experience job-related stress. This makes stress management a crucial skill. Techniques such as mindfulness, deep breathing exercises, and maintaining a healthy work-life balance are essential. Individuals who can effectively manage stress remain focused, make better decisions, and navigate pressure-cooker situations with composure.

Collaboration is a linchpin skill when working under pressure. The ability to function as part of a team, delegate tasks efficiently, and leverage collective strengths ensures that the workload is distributed effectively. A team player mentality contributes to a cohesive work environment, promoting mutual support and shared responsibility.

Attention to detail should not be sacrificed even in high-pressure scenarios. Precision in work and an eye for detail ensure that output quality remains consistently high. Individuals who maintain attention to detail under pressure minimise the risk of errors and contribute to the project's overall success.

Certain high-pressure situations may demand leadership skills. The ability to guide a team, make decisions with authority, and inspire confidence in others is valuable. Individuals who can step into leadership roles under pressure contribute to resolving immediate challenges and the overall success of the team and the organisation.  

Working under pressure requires a high degree of self-motivation. The ability to stay focused on tasks, maintain a positive mindset, and exhibit determination, even when faced with adversity, ensures consistent performance. Self-motivated individuals become driving forces in high-pressure situations, inspiring others and contributing to the team's overall success.

In summary, the top skills required to work under pressure form a dynamic set that combines time management, decision-making, adaptability, communication, problem-solving, stress management, teamwork, attention to detail, leadership, and self-motivation. The interplay of these skills empowers individuals to navigate pressure and thrive and contribute meaningfully in challenging professional environments.

While the need for skills in working under pressure is ubiquitous, certain professions demand these skills more explicitly. Here are some jobs where the ability to handle pressure is not just an asset but a prerequisite:

Emergency services occupations, such as paramedics, firefighters, and police officers, epitomise high-pressure environments. These professionals often make split-second decisions in life-or-death situations. The ability to stay calm under extreme pressure, make quick and accurate decisions, and execute plans precisely is paramount for success in these critical roles.

Doctors, nurses, and other healthcare professionals operate in fast-paced and high-stakes environments. From emergency rooms to surgical theatres, healthcare workers must navigate unpredictable situations, often handling multiple critical cases simultaneously. The capacity to work under pressure is not just an asset but a fundamental requirement for delivering quality patient care amid challenging circumstances.

Project managers are often at the forefront of managing complex tasks, tight deadlines, and unforeseen challenges. The nature of project management requires individuals to coordinate diverse teams, make strategic decisions, and ensure that projects are delivered on time and within budget. Working under pressure is a daily reality for project managers, making it an integral skill for success in this field.

The world of journalism is fast-paced, unpredictable, and often involves responding to unfolding events. Journalists need to meet tight deadlines, report accurately, and adapt swiftly to changing situations. The ability to work under pressure ensures that journalists can deliver timely and accurate news coverage, even in the midst of rapidly evolving events.

Air traffic controllers are critical in ensuring aircraft's safe and efficient movement. In high-traffic situations or during emergencies, these professionals must make quick decisions, communicate effectively with pilots, and coordinate air traffic precisely. Working under pressure is beneficial and a fundamental requirement for this safety-critical role.

Professionals in sales and marketing often operate in competitive environments with demanding targets and timelines. Meeting sales quotas, launching successful marketing campaigns, and adapting strategies to dynamic market conditions require individuals to work effectively under pressure. The capacity to stay composed and deliver results in high-pressure sales environments is a distinguishing factor for success in these roles.

Military personnel operate in environments where split-second decisions and effective responses to crises can be a matter of life or death. Whether in combat situations or strategic planning, individuals in the military must possess a high level of resilience, adaptability, and the ability to work under intense pressure to ensure mission success.

Event managers are responsible for coordinating and executing events ranging from conferences to festivals. The dynamic nature of events, coupled with the need for flawless execution, demands individuals who can work under pressure. Event managers must navigate unexpected challenges, coordinate with multiple stakeholders, and ensure that events unfold seamlessly.

Lawyers, especially those involved in litigation, often operate under tight deadlines and face intense courtroom situations. The ability to make persuasive arguments, respond to unforeseen developments, and manage stress in high-pressure legal scenarios is crucial for success in the legal profession.

Pilots navigate complex and dynamic situations, especially during takeoff, landing, and adverse weather conditions. The ability to make split-second decisions, communicate effectively with the control tower, and navigate the aircraft safely under pressure is a fundamental skill for pilots.

In these professions, the demand for skills for working under pressure is not just a feature of the job; it's an inherent and defining aspect. Individuals who thrive in these environments have the technical expertise, resilience, adaptability, and composure required to excel in the face of high-stakes challenges. The ability to work under pressure becomes not just a skill but a critical determinant of success in these diverse and demanding fields.

How to Say You Work Under Pressure in a Resume (Without Saying It)  

In the competitive job application landscape, subtly showcasing your ability to work under pressure is an art that can set you apart from the crowd. Instead of explicitly stating the phrase, consider strategically incorporating this skill throughout different sections of your resume to create a nuanced narrative of your capacity to thrive in challenging environments.

Craft a compelling opening statement that hints at your prowess in handling pressure without explicitly mentioning it.

"Dedicated professional with a proven track record of excelling in dynamic environments, adept at navigating challenges with poise and precision. Passionate about delivering optimal results under tight deadlines and contributing to high-performance teams."

Integrate specific skills that reflect your ability to handle pressure without overtly stating it.

Time Management: Demonstrated ability to meet tight deadlines and prioritise tasks efficiently.

Decision-Making: Proven track record of making sound decisions in fast-paced environments.

Adaptability: Thrives in dynamic situations, adept at adjusting strategies to meet evolving needs.

Showcase achievements and responsibilities that underscore your ability to handle pressure.

"Led a cross-functional team to successfully deliver a critical project ahead of schedule, demonstrating resilience and adaptability in a high-pressure environment."

Quantify your accomplishments to emphasise your ability to perform under pressure.

"Achieved a 20% increase in sales during a challenging market period, showcasing the ability to excel in high-pressure sales environments."

If applicable, highlight any academic experiences demonstrating your ability to handle pressure.

"Completed a demanding capstone project that required swift decision-making and adaptability, resulting in recognition for outstanding performance."

Mention any relevant certifications that indirectly convey your capacity to work under pressure.

"Certified Project Management Professional (PMP), equipped with the skills to manage projects in fast-paced and dynamic environments effectively."

Incorporate volunteer experiences that mirror the challenges of a high-pressure work environment.

"Volunteered in crisis response teams, showcasing the ability to remain calm and effective in rapidly changing and challenging situations."

Highlight memberships in professional organisations that emphasise your commitment to high-performance standards.

"Member of the National Association of Professionals, dedicated to upholding excellence in fast-paced and demanding professional environments."

Use your cover letter to provide a narrative reinforcing your ability to work under pressure.

"In my previous roles, I've thrived in fast-paced environments, successfully managing multiple tasks precisely. My ability to adapt swiftly to changing circumstances and consistently deliver results, even under tight deadlines, positions me as an ideal candidate for this role."

By weaving these subtle cues throughout different sections of your resume, you create a narrative that speaks to your ability to handle pressure without explicitly stating it. This approach allows potential employers to infer your resilience, adaptability, and composure in high-stakes situations, creating a more nuanced and compelling representation of your professional capabilities.  

Table 1: Examples of working under pressure skills

Navigating high-pressure situations is an art that goes beyond skill; it requires a strategic approach and a well-honed mindset. Whether you're a seasoned professional or just starting your career, these tips will empower you to survive and thrive under pressure.

In the heat of the moment, it's easy to feel overwhelmed by many tasks. Prioritise your responsibilities by identifying the most critical ones. This ensures that you address urgent matters promptly and prevent the accumulation of stress-inducing work.

Large, complex tasks can be daunting, especially under pressure. Break them down into smaller, more manageable components. This approach allows you to focus on one aspect at a time, making the workload seem less overwhelming and enabling a more systematic approach.

Cultivate a positive attitude even when faced with challenges. A positive mindset can significantly impact your problem-solving abilities, enhance creativity, and contribute to a more constructive work environment. Focus on solutions rather than dwelling on the pressure.

You don't have to navigate pressure alone. Lean on your team or seek guidance from colleagues. Collaborative efforts can alleviate the burden, provide fresh perspectives, and lead to more effective problem-solving. The camaraderie and shared responsibility also foster a sense of unity.

Reflect on past experiences of working under pressure. Identify what strategies worked well and learn from challenges to improve your approach in future situations. Each high-pressure scenario is an opportunity for growth and refinement of your coping mechanisms.

Explore time management techniques that align with your workflow. Methods such as the  Pomodoro Technique or the  Eisenhower Matrix can enhance your efficiency and productivity under tight deadlines. Effective time management is a key factor in successfully navigating pressure.

Stay informed about industry trends, new technologies, and best practices. Continuous learning enhances your knowledge base and equips you with the skills needed to adapt to evolving situations. Proactively seeking knowledge positions you as a proactive problem solver.

Prioritise your physical well-being, especially during high-pressure periods. Regular exercise, a balanced diet, and sufficient sleep increase resilience and stress management. A healthy body supports a healthy mind, enhancing your ability to navigate pressure-cooker situations.

Keep the bigger picture in mind. In the midst of pressure, losing sight of the overall goal is easy. Remember the broader purpose, and consider how the current challenges contribute to long-term success. Maintaining perspective can help alleviate stress and keep you focused.

Identify coping mechanisms that work for you. Whether it's deep breathing exercises, mindfulness practices, or brief breaks to clear your mind, having a toolkit of coping mechanisms can help you stay composed and centred in the midst of pressure.

View pressure as an opportunity for growth rather than an obstacle. Embrace change as a chance to learn, adapt, and showcase your ability to excel in dynamic environments. A positive attitude towards change can turn pressure into a personal and professional development catalyst.

Keep communication channels open and transparent. Clearly express your needs, share updates with your team, and proactively seek assistance when necessary. Effective communication fosters collaboration and ensures everyone is on the same page during high-pressure situations.

In short, mastering the art of working under pressure involves a combination of strategic approaches and a resilient mindset. By implementing these tips, you can navigate high-pressure scenarios more effectively and transform them into personal and professional growth opportunities. Remember, the ability to work under pressure is not just a skill—it's a mindset that, when cultivated, can elevate your performance and contribute to your success in any professional endeavour.

The ability to work under pressure is not just a skill; it's a dynamic quality that can propel your professional journey to new heights. By understanding its nuances, honing the necessary skills, and strategically showcasing them, you position yourself as a valuable asset in any high-stakes environment. Embrace the challenges, learn from the pressure-cooker moments, and let your ability to thrive in adversity become the cornerstone of your success. 

The journey to mastering the art of working under pressure is an ongoing pursuit of excellence. Elevate your professional prowess to unprecedented levels by enrolling in our transformative course, ‘Perfecting Your Management and Leadership Skills.’ Learn advanced strategies, gain hands-on insights, and unlock your full potential as a leader in high-pressure environments. Your path to success begins with refining these essential skills—enrol today and steer your career toward unparalleled achievements.  

• Work Under Pressure
• Work Under pressure Skills

Frequently Asked Questions(FAQ)

1. Why do employers value the ability to work under pressure?

Employers seek individuals who can navigate uncertainty with composure. Working under pressure demonstrates adaptability, innovation, and consistent performance, qualities crucial in today's dynamic professional landscape.

2. What are the top skills needed to work under pressure?

Essential skills include time management, decision-making, adaptability, communication, problem-solving, stress management, teamwork, attention to detail, leadership, and self-motivation. These form a holistic set for thriving in high-pressure environments.

3. Which professions demand skills in work under pressure?

Emergency services, healthcare, project management, journalism, air traffic control, sales, military operations, event management, legal professions, and aviation piloting are some domains where the ability to work under pressure is crucial.

4. How can I convey skills of working under pressure on my resume?

Showcase achievements that highlight your resilience and adaptability. Use phrases like "successfully navigated challenges" or "thrived in dynamic environments." In skills, emphasise time management, decision-making, and adaptability.

5. What are effective tips for managing working under pressure?

Prioritise tasks, break down large projects, maintain a positive mindset, seek support from your team, learn from past experiences, use time management techniques, continuously learn, prioritise physical well-being, and embrace change as an opportunity for growth.

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Keep calm and decide: mastering decision-making under pressure.

Decision-making under pressure is an inevitable part of every leader’s journey. Whether you’re navigating unexpected market changes, resolving internal conflicts, or tackling project hurdles, the ability to make informed and timely decisions is crucial.

Key Strategies to Enhance Decision-Making Under Pressure

Contextual awareness.

Contextual awareness is essential for effective decision making under pressure. It involves recognizing the specific circumstances surrounding each decision and choosing the appropriate approach based on that understanding. This strategy is crucial because it directly influences how you perceive the situation, the options you consider, and the solutions you implement.

Identifying Decision Contexts

To identify the type of context you’re dealing with, consider the five distinct types as per the Cynefin framework :

• Sample Scenario: A fast-food restaurant chain determines how much of each ingredient to stock based on past sales data.
• Explanation: The relationship between cause and effect is clear and predictable. Decisions follow best practices, such as reordering stock when levels fall below a predetermined threshold.
• Sample Scenario: An automotive manufacturer deciding on a new car design based on various engineering assessments and consumer research.
• Explanation: There are multiple correct answers, and the cause-and-effect relationship requires analysis or expert knowledge. Decisions are made by conducting thorough analyses and consulting with specialists.
• Sample Scenario: Launching a new market strategy in a highly variable market.
• Explanation: The outcomes of strategic decisions are uncertain due to unpredictable market conditions. Here, leaders need to experiment with different approaches (like A/B testing in marketing), understand emerging patterns, and respond appropriately. The key is to adapt and learn over time.
• Sample Scenario: Managing a business during a sudden market crash or unexpected event, like a pandemic.
• Explanation: In such situations, the relationships between cause and effect are unclear or don’t exist. Leaders need to act immediately to establish stability—like securing financing to keep operations running or rapidly pivoting to new business models—and then seek to move the scenario into a complex context where they can start to make sense of the situation.
• Sample Scenario: Major data breach at a global company
• Explanation: The data breach impacts customer data across various regions and has different legal implications. The situation is chaotic due to the immediate widespread impact, complex in understanding how the breach occurred, complicated by multiple international legal regulations, and simple in some areas, such as customer communication.

Applying Contextual Awareness to Decision-Making

Once you’ve identified the context, you can apply specific strategies tailored to that type of environment:

• In Simple Contexts: Implement standard operating procedures or follow best practices that are known to yield good results.
• In Complicated Contexts: Conduct thorough analysis and consult with experts to understand the various components of the issue at hand.
• In Complex Contexts: Engage in iterative testing and use real-time data to inform decisions. This is where embracing agility and flexibility becomes crucial, as responses may need to evolve as new information emerges.
• In Chaotic Contexts: Take immediate action to stabilize the situation. Prioritize quick, decisive moves rather than seeking the perfect solution.
• In Disorder: Focus on clarifying the nature of the situation. Break the problem down into smaller parts, categorize them as per the other contexts, and tackle each part according to its specific needs.

Stress Management and Preparedness

Stress is a common factor when making decisions under pressure, and it can significantly affect the quality of those decisions. Stress tends to narrow one’s focus, which can be beneficial in immediate crisis situations but detrimental when complex, thoughtful solutions are needed. Effective leaders recognize the need to manage stress in themselves and their teams to maintain clarity and focus during critical parts of the process of making decisions.

Developing Effective Stress Management Techniques

To effectively manage stress, consider incorporating the following techniques into your routine:

• Mindfulness and Meditation : Regular practice can help improve focus and reduce the emotional reactivity often associated with high-pressure situations. These techniques aid in maintaining calmness and clarity, which are crucial for problem-solving.
• Physical Exercise : Regular physical activity is proven to reduce stress, improve mood, and enhance cognitive function, all of which are beneficial when making a decision under pressure.
• Adequate Rest : Ensuring sufficient sleep is critical for cognitive function. Tiredness can impair judgment and make stress harder to manage.
• Time Management Skills : Effective time management can reduce unnecessary stress by avoiding last-minute pressures. Planning and prioritizing tasks ensure that you have adequate time to carefully consider significant decisions.

Preparedness: Anticipating Challenges and Planning Responses

Being prepared involves more than understanding the potential challenges; it also requires planning strategic responses ahead of time:

• Scenario Planning : This involves thinking through possible scenarios that might arise and planning how to handle them. By considering different outcomes and their potential impacts, you can make decisions under pressure more systematically and with less stress.
• Risk Assessment : Evaluate potential risks associated with different decisions and plan for ways to mitigate these risks. This proactive approach helps minimize surprises and reduce the stress associated with unknown outcomes.
• Decision-Making Frameworks : Establish clear frameworks for making decisions under pressure. These frameworks should be practiced regularly to become second nature when crises occur.
• Training and Drills : Regular training sessions and drills for you and your team can improve everyone’s response to high-pressure situations. This not only ensures that everyone knows what to do but also builds confidence and reduces anxiety when quick decisions are needed.

Leveraging Data and Technology

It is crucial to make informed decisions quickly. Leveraging data-driven decisions allows leaders to base their choices on empirical evidence, reducing uncertainty and enhancing the quality of decisions under pressure. Data provides actionable insights to clarify options and predict outcomes.

Here’s how leaders can leverage technology effectively:

• Real-Time Data Analytics : Utilize software and platforms that provide real-time analytics. This allows leaders to access up-to-the-minute data, helping to make informed decisions swiftly when under pressure. Real-time data is especially valuable in dynamic situations where conditions change rapidly.
• Predictive Analytics : Tools that offer predictive analytics use historical data to forecast future scenarios. These predictions can be instrumental in preparing for potential future challenges and proactively making decisions that mitigate risks.
• Decision Support Systems (DSS) : Implement systems specifically designed to support complex decision processes. DSS can integrate data from various sources, analyze it with advanced algorithms, and present it in an easily digestible format, aiding in quick and accurate decision-making.

Utilizing Diverse Decision-Making Models

Effective decision-making under pressure isn’t solely about the quickness of the decision but also its quality and adaptability. Diverse models offer structured approaches that cater to different scenarios, enhancing the efficiency and effectiveness of decisions. Understanding and utilizing these models can significantly aid leaders, especially in high-pressure situations.

Here’s a breakdown of some critical decision-making models and how they can be applied:

• Rational Decision-Making Model : This model is systematic and data-driven, ideal for situations where the information is available and the stakes are high. It involves identifying the problem, gathering relevant information, analyzing the options, making the decision, and then implementing and monitoring the outcome. This model emphasizes logical reasoning and careful evaluation, making it suitable for complicated contexts requiring thorough analysis.
• Intuitive Decision-Making Model : Sometimes, there isn’t enough time to gather and analyze all relevant data, or the situation might be unprecedented, lacking clear data points. Here, intuition plays a significant role. Leaders rely on their experiences and gut feelings. This model is advantageous in chaotic contexts where swift decisions are crucial.
• Recognition-Primed Decision Model (RPD) : Developed to describe how people can make relatively quick decisions without comparing options. This model involves recognizing a familiar pattern and intuitively understanding the typical response that works, followed by a mental simulation to confirm the chosen action will work in the current context. It’s especially effective in complex scenarios where leaders must make decisions quickly with incomplete data.
• Participative Decision-Making Model : This model involves the team in the decision process, which can improve the quality and acceptance of decisions, particularly in complicated or complex contexts. It leverages the collective insight of the group, which is invaluable when the decision impact is widespread or requires varied expertise.
• Vroom-Yetton-Jago Decision-Making Model : This model helps leaders determine the appropriate amount of involvement their teams should have in the decision process based on the situation’s nature. It factors in the decision’s importance, the team’s necessity of commitment, and the leader’s expertise on the subject, among other things. This model is excellent for fostering leadership adaptability and ensuring decisions are made with the right level of collaboration.

Practical Tips to Enhance Decision-Making Under Pressure

Clarify the decision criteria.

• Define Objectives : Clearly define what you want to achieve with your decision. Establishing clear objectives helps to focus the decision-making process and guides the evaluation of options.
• Set Priorities : Determine which factors are most important. This will help you quickly eliminate less viable options and focus on what truly matters.

Limit Options to a Manageable Number

• Avoid Overload : Too many choices can lead to decision paralysis. Eliminating those that do not meet your primary criteria will narrow down your options to a manageable number.
• Use Decision Matrices : A decision matrix can help you objectively evaluate each option against set criteria, simplifying the process of narrowing down the choices.

Set Clear Timelines

• Establish Deadlines : Define clear timelines for when decisions need to be made. This helps manage procrastination and ensures that decision-making keeps pace with business needs.
• Time-Box Decisions : Allocate specific time blocks to make decisions. This prevents the decision-making process from dragging on and helps maintain a rhythm in moving projects forward.

Consult Quickly and Effectively

• Identify Key Stakeholders : Quickly identify who needs to be involved in the decision-making process. Consulting with the right people ensures you have all the necessary perspectives and information.
• Leverage Expertise : Draw on the expertise of others to fill gaps in your knowledge. Experts can offer insights or data that significantly impact the quality of your decision.

Decide and Act

• Make the Decision : Once you have enough information, decide confidently. Delaying a decision in hopes of achieving certainty can often be more detrimental than making an informed decision swiftly.
• Implement Decisively : Once the decision is made, focus on effective and swift implementation. Clear communication of the decision and next steps to all relevant parties is crucial.

Communicate Clearly

• Be Transparent : Communicate your decision-making process to those involved or affected. Transparency builds trust and facilitates smoother implementation.
• Provide Rationale : Explain the reasons behind your decision to those impacted. Understanding the rationale can help others adopt your decision more quickly and support the implementation.

Monitor and Adjust

• Gather Feedback : After implementing a decision, gather feedback to understand its impact. This can provide valuable insights for future decision-making.
• Be Prepared to Pivot : If the decision does not produce the expected outcomes, be prepared to make adjustments. Effective leaders are flexible and can pivot based on new information or changing circumstances.

Building a Supportive Decision-Making Culture

Creating an environment that fosters effective decision-making under pressure doesn’t happen accidentally. It requires the intentional development of a culture that supports decision processes across all levels of management. Here’s how leaders can build and nurture this kind of culture:

Encourage Open Communication

Encourage team members to openly share their thoughts, concerns, and insights without fear of reprisal. This openness not only helps in gathering diverse viewpoints but also enhances problem-solving capabilities within the team.

• Promote Transparency : Make the decision-making processes as transparent as possible. This helps build trust and understanding, enabling team members to see how and why decisions are made that way.
• Facilitate Regular Discussions : Hold regular meetings where team members can discuss ongoing issues and brainstorm solutions. This prepares the team to make decisions under pressure and helps refine the existing processes.

Create a Supportive Environment for Making Decisions

A supportive environment that encourages risk-taking and learning from mistakes can significantly reduce the pressure associated with making decisions.

• Foster a Culture of Support : Ensure team members know that the organization supports them, even when decisions do not turn out as expected. This can empower them to make decisions confidently, without fear of negative consequences for honest mistakes.
• Recognize and Reward Effective Decision-Making : Acknowledge and reward individuals and teams demonstrating effective problem-solving skills. Recognition can be a powerful motivator for others to develop and enhance their abilities.

Encourage Collaboration and Team-Based Decisions

Complex decisions often benefit from collaboration. Encouraging collaborative decision-making can lead to more comprehensive and well-rounded solutions.

• Implement Collaborative Tools : Use technology that facilitates collaboration, such as shared digital workspaces where team members can contribute ideas and solutions.
• Build Cross-Functional Teams : Encourage teams from different departments to collaborate on projects. This can provide multiple perspectives and foster a holistic approach to decision-making.

By building a supportive decision-making culture, you not only enhance your team’s ability to make effective decisions under pressure but also contribute to your organization’s overall resilience and adaptability. This strategic focus on developing decision-making competencies ensures that your team is well-equipped to navigate the challenges of the modern business environment.

Learning from Experience

Decision-making under pressure is a continuous learning process. Each decision allows for refining and developing better strategies for future challenges. Here’s how leaders can capitalize on experiences to improve their skills:

Reflect on Past Decisions

Taking time to reflect on the outcomes of past decisions is crucial for ongoing improvement. Reflection allows leaders to identify what worked, what didn’t, and how different approaches might have changed the outcome.

• Conduct Regular Reviews : Schedule regular review sessions where you and your team can analyze recent decisions. Discuss the successes and the areas where the decision could have been improved.
• Encourage Honest Feedback : Create a safe space where team members feel comfortable providing honest feedback. This can provide valuable insights into how decisions are perceived and their impact on the team and goals.

Incorporate Lessons Learned into Future Decision-Making

Learning from past experiences is only beneficial if the insights gained are applied to future processes.

• Develop Best Practices : Use the insights from past decisions to develop or refine best practices for making decisions under pressure. Document these practices and ensure they are accessible to all team members.
• Adjust Strategies Based on Feedback : Be willing to adapt your strategies based on the feedback and outcomes from past decisions. This flexibility helps continually refine your approach to decision-making in management.

Foster a Culture of Continuous Learning

Promoting an organizational culture that values learning and development can significantly enhance the decision-making capabilities of the team.

• Provide Resources for Learning : Offer resources such as books, courses, and seminars on problem solving. Keeping skills updated is critical to effective decision-making.
• Encourage Cross-Training : Allow team members to learn from different departments or through different roles. This exposure can provide new perspectives and enhance problem-solving skills.

Enhancing Leadership Decision Skills in High-Stress Situations

By understanding the dynamics of different decision-making contexts, leveraging data-driven decisions, and fostering a supportive culture, leaders can enhance their ability to make informed, timely decisions that drive organizational success. Additionally, continuously learning from past decisions enriches leadership skills and prepares teams to face future challenges confidently.

Are you looking to elevate your leadership capabilities and enhance your team’s decision-making skills under pressure? 4 Leaf Performance offers specialized leadership development services to hone your processes, problem-solving abilities, and management strategies. Our programs are tailored to empower leaders like you to make decisions confidently, backed by data and strategic insight.

Join us at 4 Leaf Performance to transform your management. Whether you’re refining your decision-making style or enhancing your team’s collective skills, we have the tools and expertise to support your growth. Don’t let pressure hinder your leadership potential. Contact us today to take the first step toward mastering the art of making decisions under pressure!

Andrew Lamb

WHY.os Certified Business Coach We Believe There Is a Better Way to Scale Individuals, Teams & Organizations to Their Potential!

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Thinking Under Pressure: Strategies for Success in High-Stress Situations

Your brain, a masterful conductor in life’s symphony, faces its ultimate test when the orchestra of stress threatens to drown out reason—but fear not, for you can learn to compose clarity amidst the cacophony. In today’s fast-paced world, the ability to think clearly and make sound decisions under pressure is not just a valuable skill—it’s a necessity. Whether you’re a high-powered executive, a student facing exams, or simply navigating the complexities of daily life, learning to turn stress into success can be the key to thriving in challenging situations.

Thinking under pressure refers to the capacity to maintain cognitive function and make effective decisions when faced with high-stakes situations, time constraints, or intense scrutiny. This skill is crucial in various scenarios, from business negotiations and emergency response to public speaking and competitive sports. The impact of stress on our ability to think clearly can be profound, affecting memory, attention, and problem-solving skills.

Common scenarios where pressure affects decision-making include:

– Meeting tight deadlines at work – Performing in front of large audiences – Responding to emergencies or crises – Taking important exams or assessments – Making split-second decisions in sports – Navigating high-stakes financial transactions

The impact of stress on cognitive function is well-documented in scientific literature. When we experience stress, our body’s fight-or-flight response is activated, releasing hormones like cortisol and adrenaline. While these hormones can enhance physical performance in the short term, they can also impair higher-order thinking processes, making it challenging to focus, reason, and make complex decisions.

Understanding the Physiological Effects of Pressure

To master the art of thinking under pressure, it’s essential to first understand how our bodies respond to stress. The body’s stress response, also known as the “fight-or-flight” response, is an evolutionary adaptation designed to help us deal with immediate threats. When we perceive a stressful situation, our autonomic nervous system kicks into gear, triggering a cascade of physiological changes.

These changes include:

– Increased heart rate and blood pressure – Rapid breathing – Heightened muscle tension – Dilated pupils – Increased sweating – Redirection of blood flow to vital organs and muscles

While these responses can be beneficial for short-term survival situations, they can be detrimental when we need to engage in complex cognitive tasks. The stress-proof brain is one that can manage these physiological responses effectively.

Stress affects the brain in several ways:

1. It impairs working memory, making it difficult to hold and manipulate information. 2. It reduces cognitive flexibility, making it harder to switch between tasks or consider alternative solutions. 3. It narrows attention, potentially causing tunnel vision and overlooking important details. 4. It can lead to emotional dysregulation, affecting judgment and decision-making.

Recognizing personal stress triggers is a crucial step in managing your response to pressure. Common triggers include:

– Time constraints – High-stakes situations – Perfectionism – Fear of failure – Uncertainty or lack of control – Interpersonal conflicts – Sensory overload

By identifying your specific triggers, you can develop targeted strategies to mitigate their impact on your thinking and decision-making processes.

Developing Mental Resilience

Mental resilience is the cornerstone of effective thinking under pressure. It’s the ability to bounce back from setbacks, adapt to change, and maintain a clear head in challenging situations. Developing this resilience is a process that involves several key components.

Mindfulness and meditation techniques are powerful tools for building mental resilience. These practices help you stay grounded in the present moment, reducing anxiety about future outcomes and regret over past events. Regular mindfulness practice can:

– Improve focus and concentration – Reduce stress and anxiety – Enhance emotional regulation – Increase self-awareness

To incorporate mindfulness into your daily routine, try starting with short, guided meditations or simple breathing exercises. Even a few minutes of mindful practice each day can make a significant difference in your ability to handle pressure.

Building self-confidence is another crucial aspect of mental resilience. When you believe in your abilities, you’re more likely to remain calm and focused under pressure. Some strategies to boost self-confidence include:

– Setting and achieving small, manageable goals – Celebrating your successes, no matter how small – Learning from failures and reframing them as opportunities for growth – Surrounding yourself with supportive people

Reframing negative thoughts is a powerful technique for maintaining clarity under pressure. The stress is enhancing mindset involves viewing pressure as a challenge rather than a threat. This shift in perspective can transform your physiological and psychological response to stress, allowing you to perform better under pressure.

Practicing positive self-talk is an effective way to reinforce this reframing. Instead of engaging in self-criticism or catastrophizing, try to cultivate an inner dialogue that is supportive and solution-focused. For example, replace thoughts like “I can’t handle this” with “This is challenging, but I have the skills to manage it.”

Strategies for Working Under Stress

Effective time management and prioritization are essential skills for maintaining clear thinking under pressure. When faced with multiple tasks or deadlines, it’s crucial to:

1. Identify the most important and urgent tasks 2. Break larger projects into smaller, manageable steps 3. Create a realistic timeline for completion 4. Use tools like calendars, to-do lists, or project management software to stay organized

Breaking tasks into manageable chunks not only makes them less overwhelming but also provides a sense of progress and accomplishment as you complete each step. This approach can help maintain motivation and reduce stress levels.

Creating a structured work environment can significantly impact your ability to think clearly under pressure. Consider the following:

– Designate a specific workspace that’s free from distractions – Keep your work area organized and clutter-free – Use noise-cancelling headphones or background music to minimize auditory distractions – Ensure proper lighting and ergonomics to reduce physical strain

Implementing stress-reducing breaks is crucial for maintaining cognitive function during high-pressure periods. Regular breaks can help:

– Restore focus and concentration – Reduce mental fatigue – Improve creativity and problem-solving abilities – Decrease physical tension and discomfort

Consider using techniques like the Pomodoro method, where you work for focused 25-minute intervals followed by short breaks. During these breaks, engage in activities that help you relax and recharge, such as stretching, deep breathing, or a quick walk.

Techniques for Quick Decision-Making Under Pressure

In high-pressure situations, the ability to make quick, effective decisions is crucial. One powerful framework for rapid decision-making is the OODA loop, developed by military strategist John Boyd. OODA stands for Observe, Orient, Decide, and Act:

1. Observe: Gather relevant information about the situation 2. Orient: Analyze the information and consider its implications 3. Decide: Choose the best course of action based on your analysis 4. Act: Implement your decision quickly and decisively

This cycle can be repeated as needed, allowing for continuous adaptation to changing circumstances.

A pros and cons analysis can be an effective tool for making decisions under pressure, especially when you have a bit more time to deliberate. Quickly jot down the potential benefits and drawbacks of each option, assigning weights to each factor if necessary. This method can help you visualize the trade-offs and make a more informed decision.

Under stress, decision-makers are more likely to rely on intuition or gut feelings. While it’s important not to disregard analytical thinking entirely, trusting your instincts can be valuable in time-sensitive situations. Your intuition often draws on your accumulated experience and knowledge, allowing for rapid pattern recognition and decision-making.

Seeking input from trusted sources can provide valuable perspectives and information when making decisions under pressure. However, it’s important to balance this with the need for quick action. Identify a small group of trusted advisors or colleagues whose judgment you respect, and don’t hesitate to reach out to them for quick input when needed.

Training Your Brain for High-Pressure Situations

Like any skill, the ability to think clearly under pressure can be improved with practice and training. Simulating stressful scenarios is an effective way to prepare your mind for real-world pressure. This could involve:

– Role-playing difficult conversations or negotiations – Practicing public speaking in front of increasingly larger audiences – Using virtual reality simulations for high-stress job training – Participating in timed problem-solving exercises

Developing problem-solving skills is crucial for maintaining clear thinking under pressure. Engage in activities that challenge your cognitive abilities, such as:

– Solving puzzles or brain teasers – Playing strategy games – Participating in debate or discussion groups – Taking on complex projects outside your comfort zone

Improving emotional intelligence is another key aspect of performing well under pressure. Emotional intelligence involves recognizing and managing your own emotions, as well as understanding and influencing the emotions of others. To enhance your emotional intelligence:

– Practice self-awareness through reflection and journaling – Develop empathy by actively listening to others – Learn to recognize and label emotions accurately – Practice emotional regulation techniques, such as deep breathing or progressive muscle relaxation

Regular physical exercise is not only beneficial for your overall health but also plays a crucial role in maintaining mental clarity. Exercise has been shown to:

– Reduce stress and anxiety – Improve mood and self-esteem – Enhance cognitive function, including memory and attention – Increase resilience to stress

Aim for at least 150 minutes of moderate-intensity aerobic activity or 75 minutes of vigorous-intensity aerobic activity per week, along with strength training exercises at least twice a week.

Mastering the art of thinking under pressure is a journey that requires dedication, practice, and self-awareness. By understanding the physiological effects of stress, developing mental resilience, implementing effective work strategies, honing decision-making techniques, and training your brain for high-pressure situations, you can significantly improve your ability to perform when it matters most.

Key strategies for thinking under pressure include:

1. Practicing mindfulness and meditation 2. Building self-confidence and reframing negative thoughts 3. Implementing effective time management and prioritization techniques 4. Using decision-making frameworks like the OODA loop 5. Developing problem-solving skills and emotional intelligence 6. Maintaining physical health through regular exercise

Remember that mastering peace and not stressing over things you can’t control is an essential part of this process. The importance of practice and preparation cannot be overstated. The more you expose yourself to challenging situations and practice these techniques, the more natural and automatic they will become.

Finally, embrace pressure as an opportunity for growth. Each high-stress situation you navigate successfully builds your resilience and expands your capabilities. By viewing pressure as a challenge rather than a threat, you can transform stress into a catalyst for personal and professional development.

Executive stress management and mastering sales pressure are just two examples of how these skills can be applied in specific professional contexts. Whether you’re mastering deadline stress or learning to stay cool under pressure , the strategies outlined in this article can help you navigate life’s challenges with greater ease and confidence.

By understanding and managing thinking stressors , you can transform your relationship with pressure, turning potential obstacles into stepping stones for success. With practice and persistence, you can train your brain to perform at its best, even in the most challenging circumstances, allowing you to conduct the symphony of your life with grace and clarity.

References:

1. Arnsten, A. F. T. (2009). Stress signalling pathways that impair prefrontal cortex structure and function. Nature Reviews Neuroscience, 10(6), 410-422.

2. Kabat-Zinn, J. (2013). Full catastrophe living: Using the wisdom of your body and mind to face stress, pain, and illness. Bantam.

3. Kahneman, D. (2011). Thinking, fast and slow. Farrar, Straus and Giroux.

4. Lazarus, R. S., & Folkman, S. (1984). Stress, appraisal, and coping. Springer Publishing Company.

5. McGonigal, K. (2015). The upside of stress: Why stress is good for you, and how to get good at it. Avery.

6. Sapolsky, R. M. (2004). Why zebras don’t get ulcers: The acclaimed guide to stress, stress-related diseases, and coping. Holt Paperbacks.

7. Seligman, M. E. P. (2011). Flourish: A visionary new understanding of happiness and well-being. Free Press.

8. Goleman, D. (2005). Emotional intelligence: Why it can matter more than IQ. Bantam Books.

9. Dweck, C. S. (2006). Mindset: The new psychology of success. Random House.

10. Ratey, J. J., & Hagerman, E. (2008). Spark: The revolutionary new science of exercise and the brain. Little, Brown and Company.

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Leadership Under Pressure: 3 Strategies for Keeping Calm During a Crisis

• 19 Dec 2019

To become an effective leader, there are several core capabilities you should have—ranging from the ability to influence and inspire others to knowing how to act decisively. While these traits are important in your daily role as a leader, they are especially critical during times of stress.

The demanding situations and crises you face over the course of your career are likely to be the moments that define who you are as a leader and, potentially, as a person. How you act in these scenarios can impact how your employees and co-workers remember you.

When managers break down , so can their teams, resulting in hindered performance and lower morale. This can cause your employees to miss deadlines, make mistakes, and potentially lose customers—the exact opposite of what you need during times of crisis.

Research shows it’s common for leaders to react poorly in high-stress situations. Specifically, 53 percent become more closed-minded and controlling during times of crisis, instead of open and curious. A further 43 percent become more angry and heated.

If you’re in a leadership position, learning how to control yourself and maintain a level head during challenging times will serve you well over the course of your career. But that can be easier said than done. Here are three techniques that can help you manage your team during a crisis while also keeping calm.

Strategies for Leading Under Pressure

1. wait to act.

A leader is someone who responds to a situation calmly and with a well-thought-out plan. Before you jump headfirst into problem-solving, take a deep breath and pause to collect your thoughts and assess the situation with a clear mind.

This advice is the most important tip that Harvard Business School Professor Nancy Koehn, who teaches a free, online leadership lesson about legendary explorer Ernest Shackleton, learned when she studied former US President Abraham Lincoln’s method of leadership.

“One of the things Lincoln cultivated in high-stakes situations was to do nothing in the moment,” she explains. “He wasn’t living with nonstop social media. But he was constantly bombarded by people and important issues demanding his attention. In such an environment, his rule was that the higher the stakes, the less likely he was to do anything.”

In a crisis, it’s important to take a deep breath and remain as calm as possible—especially as the stakes rise or as circumstantial turbulence accelerates—before responding in order to move forward with an actionable plan and to avoid creating mass panic.

“The smallest pause before picking up the phone, sending out the tweet, or saying something to someone will help a leader gather his or her thoughts and maximize the chances that he or she makes a smart move,” Koehn says.

2. Build a Strong Support System

Leaders rarely go it alone—it’s why they usually have a board of advisors, why former US President John F. Kennedy relied on his brother, or why Abraham Lincoln had two secretaries and a cabinet from which he frequently sought input.

“Great leaders have people around them who understand how to maintain a grounded, calm presence,” Koehn says. “It’s important they have advisors who are calm as well.”

To recruit a strong counsel, make sure the people around you have strength of character. Are they confident in their own viewpoints, but also open-minded and communicative? Do they support your vision? Besides quality leadership values, they should have diverse experience and emotional intelligence skills so they can take on a variety of responsibilities and help you lead to the best of your ability.

Koehn also recommends ensuring your management team is reliable so you can stay grounded and maintain a presence of equanimity. This can help people make the right decisions and successfully navigate through crisis.

It’s often said that success never happens in a vacuum. The amount of work your team puts in, along with their attitudes and ability to ask the right questions, can make or break success, so keep this in mind when you build your support network.

3. Understand the Reality of the Situation

It’s crucial to recognize the reality of a situation and acknowledge your limitations during a crisis, no matter how difficult that might be.

“Realize that in the heat of the moment, nothing an individual leader can do can solve the whole situation,” Koehn says. “You’re better off acting from your strongest, calmest self than you are taking the first reactive, immediate action.”

While a problem can seem overwhelming at first, the best way to approach it is to break it down step-by-step. Doing so can help you gain a clear picture of the circumstances, enabling you to work closely with your counsel, prioritize your next steps, and delegate effectively.

Once you’ve decided on a plan, stick to it and rely on yourself and your team to complete the tasks assigned and carry out a successful resolution.

Becoming an Effective Leader

Becoming an effective leader takes work. Not only do you need to constantly hone your leadership skills, but you must also maintain poise under pressure and learn to adapt to various situations.

It also requires developing a personal leadership style . Like any successful leader, you don’t have to do it alone. Taking leadership courses can help you learn skills and qualities to use both in your personal and professional life.

Some of the benefits of taking a strategic leadership class include the opportunity to learn how to use your strengths and weaknesses to your advantage, practice your skills, and gain feedback from experienced leaders.

Keep in mind that you don’t have to become the president of a country or a business executive. You can become an effective leader at any stage of your career by becoming a go-to subject matter expert, consistently lending new and creative ideas in meetings, building networks throughout your company, voicing and articulating visions on how your organization can move forward, and much more.

Do you want to improve your leadership capabilities? Download our e-book on how to become a more effective leader or take our free, 35-minute leadership lesson about legendary explorer Ernest Shackleton, and discover how you can develop the skills to lead with courage and conviction.

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Decision-Making

Boosting decision making and performance under pressure, how to excel under pressure conditions.

Posted June 27, 2013

The ability to perform well under pressure and stress conditions is one of the best skills we can develop. Those individuals who excel under these conditions often report that it gives them an advantage over those who crumble in heated conditions. As important as this is today, few executives, leaders, or students receive training in this essential skill. Instead, most learn about performing under pressure from childhood experiences, such as oral reports, sports, exams or standardized tests given under time constraints. Yet for a large segment of the population, these early experiences have not prepared them to thrive under pressure, but rather to unravel under pressure.

It is true that a smaller percentage of individuals come into the world wired to perform well under pressure. In fact, for some of these individuals, they actually do their best work under these intense conditions. Unfortunately, the majority of us are ill prepared to perform under pressure, leaving us to suffer a number of disappointments or frustrations related to pressure conditions. The good news is that it is possible to groom ourselves to flourish under pressure circumstances.

The Problem

Let’s take a look at the problem. Decision making involves the higher order processing region of the brain called the cerebral cortex. This is the region that is responsible for problem solving, such as inductive, deductive, abstract, and logical thinking. An older region of the brain, called the limbic system, is responsible for assessing danger in the world, in other words, keeping us safe.

When it senses danger, it activates our survival instinct or the fear response in the brain and body, shutting off the power to the higher order processing region of the brain. Without fuel in this part of the brain, there is little juice left to run the problem solving machinery. Central to the limbic system’s fear response, is that pressure, which is uncomfortable, can often be misperceived as a threat by this part of the brain. The limbic brain is particularly sensitive to pressure and discomfort if past experiences of being under pressure have resulted in poor outcomes, such as failure, embarrassment , judgment, or rejection.

The Solution

The solution lies in training the limbic system to experience pressure and discomfort in either a positive or a neutral manner, as opposed to a threat. Stated differently, we are interested in training ourselves to be resilient in uncomfortable conditions. In a course I teach at UCLA, students are conditioned to welcome pressure related discomfort, rather than to fear and avoid it. I will outline several important strategies from this course that can make a significant difference in performing well under pressure.

Accept that pressure related discomfort is normal . The goal is not to banish it. If we seek to exterminate it, we only make our fear of pressure greater. Practice being more accepting of pressure related discomfort.

Welcome and embrace pressure related discomfort. Learn to love pressure. Use the power of relabeling which teaches the brain to interpret pressure in a new way. Even tell yourself that you can’t wait to feel pressure, and that you love how it makes you feel.

Practice under pressure conditions. Too often we practice our skills in non-pressure situations. It is far better to devote some of your practice time under pressure conditions. Initially, the goal isn’t to get it right, but instead to become acclimated and more comfortable with pressure related to discomfort.

Practice under imperfect conditions . The world seldom lines up perfectly. It is far better to practice in imperfect conditions where there are distractions, annoyances, and interruptions. With practice, these imperfections are neutralized, and can in many cases, become facilitative of performance.

Build up your discomfort muscle . Since the limbic system’s fear response is related to perceiving discomfort as a threat, it is important to strengthen its reaction to discomfort. Learn to feel more at ease in other discomfort conditions, such as fatigue, hunger, or uncomfortable temperatures. Building your discomfort muscle in other contexts strengthens your tolerance of discomfort and your resilience under pressure conditions.

In summary, there is much we can do to improve our decision making and performance under pressure conditions. If we operate under a dated notion that discomfort is something to avoid, then pressure will continue to feel daunting. But if we learn to welcome and retrain our brain’s reaction to pressure, discomfort, and imperfect conditions, then we can significantly alter our fear response to pressure. Experimenting with the above strategies, as well as, other performance enhancing tools I have described previously, can make a profound difference in shrinking the oversensitivity of the survival instinct and the brain’s fear center’s reaction to pressure. Become a “Discomfort Master.”

Copyright 2013 Marc Schoen, Ph.D.

Marc Schoen is an Assistant Clinical Professor at UCLA's School of Medicine.

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How To Say You Work Well Under Pressure on a Resume

Whether it’s tight deadlines or fast-paced environments, the ability to work well under pressure can be invaluable — so here’s how to put it on your resume.

2 years ago   •   4 min read

Being good under pressure can mean a lot of different things. Are you flexible at work? Can handle an unexpected time crunch? Always stay calm under fire? Whatever your strengths, they can be invaluable in pretty much any line of work.

These types of skills are usually called soft skills or transferable skills — because, well, they transfer easily to any type of role. While this is a huge plus, it also has its downsides — most significantly, that you should never just come out and list them as skills on your resume. Here’s what to do instead.

How to say you’re good under pressure (without saying it)

• Read through the job description carefully. What kind of pressure will you be dealing with in the role? What are the top skills you’ll need to be successful?
• Now, consider your own strengths. Do you thrive when given a seemingly impossible deadline, or are you better at organizing people in an emergency? Try to think about what makes you a good fit for this specific position.
• Brainstorm times when you’ve demonstrated those qualities at work. Try to match these to the job description — one example per key skill or responsibility is ideal.
• Write these examples down in bullet points. To focus on accomplishments, not responsibilities, always start with a strong action verb .
• Increase the impact of your bullet points by quantifying your accomplishments with hard numbers and metrics.
• Get instant feedback from an ATS resume scanner that can help you tighten up your soft skills and identify and missing keywords.

Let's take a look at an example of a few bullet points:

How to list the ability to work under pressure on your resume

Never list soft skills — including working well under pressure — in your skills section. Instead, use your work experience accomplishments to show recruiters exactly how you’ve used these skills.

In your work experience section

The trick to saying you’re good under pressure on your resume is easy. Pick a time when you had to work under pressure, write down what you did and what the result was, and list it in bullet point format underneath your job title. For example:

Growthsi, San Francisco, CA, 2013 – 2015 Customer Service Assistant -   Exhibited a sense of urgency as well as exceptional problem solving and active listening skills to meet the needs of over 250 customers and achieved 100% customer satisfaction.

And here’s an example of what it should look like on your resume:

So, now that you know how to highlight your ability to work under pressure, what specific skills should you be focusing on?

Find out if your resume shows your ability to work under pressure

A good way to find out if your resume highlights your ability to work under pressure is to upload it to the tool below — it’ll scan your resume and let you know if you have shown soft skills such as working well under pressure, multitasking and teamwork the right way.

Resume skills for working under pressure

The ability to work well under pressure involves a number of different skill sets. Here’s what being able to work under pressure really means — and what qualities hiring managers are likely to be looking for in your resume.

• Dealing with emergencies
• Handling high-pressure situations
• Meeting deadlines
• Producing work with quick turnaround times
• Adjusting to changing requirements
• Accepting situations outside your control
• Overcoming issues and solving problems
• Dealing with difficult personalities
• Pitching in extra during busy seasons or when you’re short-staffed
• Restructuring on the fly
• Multitasking
• Flexibility
• Adaptability
• Time management

Like working well under pressure, these are all soft skills — so don’t list “multitasking” or “teamwork” in your skills section . In addition to focusing on your accomplishments, consider using clever synonyms to send the right message.

You should not list soft skills like the ability to work under pressure or adaptability in your skills section. Instead, try to list related hard skills. Use the tool below to find hard skills and keywords relevant to your specific field and role.

Synonyms for being good under pressure

If you can’t say “Works well under pressure …” then what can you say? Try these action verb synonyms to get the point across instead:

• Accelerated
• Transformed
• Revitalized
• Streamlined
• Consolidated
• Restructured

Examples of working well under pressure for your resume

Ready to begin? Here are some examples of accomplishments that show an ability to work well under pressure — feel free to modify these for your own resume.

Managing a high workload

Created weekly and monthly project status reports for various stakeholders, highlighting key constraints, if any, and ensuring timeliness of project deliverable, resulting in over 95% customer satisfaction rate.

If you’re walking into a position where you know you’ll be handling a heavy workload and high expectations, choose accomplishments that show your ability to juggle multiple tasks and conflicting priorities.

Leading high-stakes projects

Executed turnaround of near bankrupt $100M multi-national company; grew revenues to $200M in 3 years.

Can you deliver results when the pressure is on? Then demonstrate that through accomplishments that emphasize the high-stakes nature of your work.

Dealing with emergency situations

Attended emergency intervention and de-escalating processes training, resulting in a 76% increase in response time.

In some jobs, you’ll be under near-constant pressure. If this sounds like you, include accomplishments that show your ability to stay calm and get things done even during an emergency.

Adapting to ever-changing circumstances

Maintained flexibility to adapt to changes in organization and accounting, acquiring a 95% performance rate.

Some companies are more organized than others. If you know in advance that you’re applying for a role where there’s a lot of upheaval, choose accomplishments that emphasize your flexibility, adaptability, and willingness to roll with the punches.

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Coping Under Pressure

Survive and thrive under pressure.

Written by the Mind Tools Content Team

Do you ever have so much to do that you don't know where to begin? Maybe you sometimes feel overburdened by others' expectations of you, or disappointed with the progress you've made. When you're under pressure, it's easy to feel like this.

Pressure is an everyday part of our working lives. Philosopher Thomas Carlyle said, "No pressure, no diamonds," suggesting that, in manageable doses, it can energize and motivate you to perform and achieve.

Too much of it, however, can tip the balance the other way. The trick to making pressure work for you, and not against you, is to find the "sweet spot" between having too little and too much of it.

Here, we look at how to stay in control when pressure starts to weigh you down.

Where Does Pressure Come From?

There are two kinds of pressure – internal and external.

Internal pressures stem from pushing yourself too hard, or from worrying about your ability to meet others' expectations of you and those that you have of yourself. You might drive yourself to be your company's number one salesperson, for example, or doubt your ability to perform at a speaking engagement.

External pressures come from the circumstances or the people around you – a micromanager, for example, making you work in a certain way, or giving you a hefty workload that exceeds your capacity to deal with it.

Some external pressures have little connection with your job, but the way you react to them can negatively impact how you work. A long commute, illness, financial difficulties, family responsibilities, bereavements, or a dangerous workplace can all weigh heavily on you and affect how you behave.

In extreme cases, you may even feel pressured to take risks, to act against your values, or to take part in illegal activities, such as "massaging" figures to reduce your organization's tax bill. Read our article, When to Speak Up , for advice on how best to handle these dangerous situations.

Measuring the Toll of Too Much Pressure

The idea that increasing pressure stimulates people to perform better and better, until an optimum point is reached, dates back to 1908. Psychologists Robert Yerkes and John Dodson found that, when pressure exceeds this optimum point, it has the opposite effect and performance starts to suffer. This conclusion still holds today. [1]

The negative impact of pressure first shows with mild dissatisfaction and a minor deterioration in the quality of a person's work. When the pressure becomes excessive, they can succumb to stress, anxiety and unhappiness.

If the situation doesn't quickly improve, and the excessive pressure is prolonged, the person runs the risk of burning out . Worse still, they could become physically ill or develop psychological and emotional issues such as depression, or behavioral problems like aggressiveness.

Be careful not to confuse pressure with stress – they are quite different. Pressure can be a very positive quality. Experiencing it, yet feeling calm and in control, can spur people on to achieve great things. It's only when it keeps building and that sense of calm and order is replaced by a feeling of being out of control that stress happens, and has a wholly negative effect.

How to Thrive Under Pressure

A sensible lifestyle is central to coping with pressure, so exercise regularly, drink alcohol moderately, maintain a healthy diet, and get plenty of sleep. These commonsense steps aren't enough on their own, however. Responding proactively to pressure can help you to manage its negative impact on you. Here are some strategies to help.

• Stay on Top: Pressure is a positive force when you're in command of the situation. Lose your sense of control, however, and you can quickly feel overwhelmed and anxious. Developing an internal locus of control can boost your ability to monitor and deal with rising pressure – because you believe you are responsible for your own success and that you can have a positive influence on the situation you're in.
• Managing Pressure With the Inverted-U: Consider how your ability, personality and self-confidence, and the complexity of your work, might influence how much pressure you feel. Addressing your "weak spots" and balancing these influences can help you to optimize your performance. The Inverted-U model is a useful tool for doing this.
• Manage Your Response: With a positive mindset, pressured situations can be opportunities to shine, learn and develop. Use them as your motivation to succeed. Cognitive Restructuring can help you to turn negative situations around so that they work in your favor. Try to tackle pressure head on, too, because it's unlikely to go away by itself.
• Be Organized: Taking control of your workload enables you to manage it when pressure starts to build. The Demand-Control Model can help you to do this.
• Boost Your Self-Belief: Pressure often stems from doubting your abilities. Try to appreciate your qualities and work on your self-belief.
• Work on Your Self-Control: We all know that our emotions can run high when we have "a lot on our plate," so it's important to develop your ability to cope in these situations. Check out our article on using emotional intelligence for more on this.
• Energize Yourself: Without energy, you're likely to feel "flattened" by pressure, and lack the drive to tackle it. So, pump up your energy levels to regain your focus, and to improve your ability to withstand and respond to pressure.
• Ask for Help: Don't be afraid to ask for help if you feel under too much pressure. Decide where the pressure is coming from and ask your boss, colleagues, friends, family, or whoever in your support network is appropriate, for advice or help.

Relaxation exercises are a great way of putting things into perspective when you're under pressure. Take a look at our article on physical relaxation techniques for some handy techniques for "winding down."

You experience pressure when you worry about living up to your own or other people's expectations.

You may also feel it in situations that you have no control over, and when you don't have the time or the means to do what is being demanded of you.

Excessive pressure can bring on the psychological, physical, emotional, and behavioral problems associated with stress, so being able to deal with it effectively is an essential skill.

By consciously opting to respond positively and confidently, and by focusing on solutions, you and your team members can go beyond simply coping and learn to thrive under pressure.

[1] Yerkes, R. and Dodson, J. (1908). 'The Relation of Strength of Stimulus to Rapidity of Habit-Formation,' Journal of Comparative Neurology and Psychology , Volume 18, Issue 5. (Available here .)

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Decision Making Under Uncertainty and Problem Solving

• First Online: 16 March 2021

Cite this chapter

• Smriti Pathak 2 ,
• Roshan Lal Dewangan 3 &
• Sachi Nandan Mohanty 4  

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Uncertainty arises because of ignorance or the absence of information in any situation. Probability, risk, and randomness are concepts closely related to uncertainty that significantly impact the decision-making process. In this chapter, we discuss the concept and types of uncertainty and the role of uncertainty in decision making. The continuum of pure uncertainty to certainty represents different models of this dimension. We present different types of uncertainty in the context of the function, ethics, and stimulus–response outcome rules. A decision maker handles vagueness in a problem situation with his unique cognitive process and orientation. The ongoing discoveries in the neuroscience field give a better comprehension of brain mechanisms involved in decision making under uncertainty. This chapter additionally endeavours to address the limitations faced in decision making resulting from uncertainty and different approaches to managing such a circumstance. Notwithstanding, uncertainty does not only count for hindering the effective decision-making process. In the last section, the implication for decision making under uncertainty is presented.

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Decision-Making Under Uncertainty

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Smriti Pathak

Department of Applied Psychology, Kazi Nazrul University Asansol, Asansol, West Bengal, India

Roshan Lal Dewangan

Department of Computer Engineering, College of Engineering Pune, Pune, Maharashtra, India

Sachi Nandan Mohanty

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Pathak, S., Dewangan, R.L., Mohanty, S.N. (2021). Decision Making Under Uncertainty and Problem Solving. In: Nandan Mohanty, S. (eds) Decision Making And Problem Solving. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-66869-3_1

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