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Class 9 Social Science Geography Assignments

We have provided below free printable Class 9 Social Science Geography Assignments for Download in PDF. The Assignments have been designed based on the latest NCERT Book for Class 9 Social Science Geography . These Assignments for Grade 9 Social Science Geography cover all important topics which can come in your standard 9 tests and examinations. Free printable Assignments for CBSE Class 9 Social Science Geography , school and class assignments, and practice test papers have been designed by our highly experienced class 9 faculty. You can free download CBSE NCERT printable Assignments for Social Science Geography Class 9 with solutions and answers. All Assignments and test sheets have been prepared by expert teachers as per the latest Syllabus in Social Science Geography Class 9. Students can click on the links below and download all Pdf Assignments for Social Science Geography class 9 for free. All latest Kendriya Vidyalaya Class 9 Social Science Geography Assignments with Answers and test papers are given below.

Social Science Geography Class 9 Assignments Pdf Download

We have provided below the biggest collection of free CBSE NCERT KVS Assignments for Class 9 Social Science Geography . Students and teachers can download and save all free Social Science Geography assignments in Pdf for grade 9th. Our expert faculty have covered Class 9 important questions and answers for Social Science Geography as per the latest syllabus for the current academic year. All test papers and question banks for Class 9 Social Science Geography and CBSE Assignments for Social Science Geography Class 9 will be really helpful for standard 9th students to prepare for the class tests and school examinations. Class 9th students can easily free download in Pdf all printable practice worksheets given below.

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NCERT Solutions for Class 9 Geography Chapter 1 India Size And Location

• 17th February 2024

NCERT Solutions for Class 9 Geography Chapter 1 “India-Size And Location” contains answers to the exercise questions given in ‘Contemporary India’. These solutions will help students for the preparation of CBSE Class 9 SST exam. All the answers are useful for exams as most of the questions are asked from the NCERT textbooks. So, students can study these solutions and score high in their exams.

Class 9 Geography India Size And Location Questions and Answers

Question 1: Choose the right answer from the four alternatives given below.

(i) The Tropic of Cancer does not pass through

(a) Rajasthan (b) Orissa (c) Chhattisgarh (d) Tripura

Answer: (c) Orissa

(ii) The easternmost longitude of India is

(a) 97° 25′ E (b) 68° 7′ E (c) 77° 6′ E (d) 82° 32′ E

Answer: (a) 97°25′E

(iii) Uttarakhand, Uttar Pradesh, Bihar, West Bengal and Sikkim have common frontiers with

(a) China (b) Bhutan (c) Nepal (d) Myanmar

Answer: (c) Nepal

(iv) If you intend to visit Kavarati during your summer vacations, which one of the following Union Territories of India you will be going to

(a) Puducherry (b) Lakshadweep (c) Andaman and Nicobar (d) Diu and Daman

Answer: (c) Lakshadweep

(v) My friend hails from a country which does not share land boundary with India. Identify the country.

(a) Bhutan (b) Tajikistan (c) Bangladesh (d) Nepal

Answer: (b) Tajikistan

Question 2: Answer the following questions briefly.

(i) Name the group of islands lying in the Arabian sea.

Answer: Lakshadweep

(ii) Name the countries which are larger than India.

Answer: Russia, Canada, China, USA, Brazil and Australia

(iii) Which island group of India lies to its south-east?

Answer: Andaman and Nicobar group of islands.

(iv) Which island countries are our southern neighbours?

Answer: Maldives, Sri Lanka.

Question 3: The sun rises two hours earlier in Arunachal Pradesh as compared to Gujarat in the west but the watches show the same time. How does this happen?

Answer: The latitudinal and longitudinal extent of the mainland is about 30°. Despite this fact, the east-west extent appears to be smaller than the north-south extent. From Gujarat to Arunachal Pradesh there is a time lag of two hours. Hence, time along the Standard Meridian of India (82°30’E) passing through Mirzapur (in Uttar Pradesh) is taken as the standard time for the whole country. The latitudinal extent influences the duration of the day and night, as one moves from south to north.

Question 4: The central location of India at the head of the Indian Ocean is considered of great significance. Why?

Answer: India is a southward extension of the Asian continent and is located in a central position between the East and West Asia. The Indian Ocean provides a strategic central location to India, as it connects the East Asian countries with the country of Europe in the West. The Deccan Peninsula also protrudes into the Indian Ocean, thus helping India establish close contact with West Asia, Africa and Europe from the western coast and with Southeast and East Asia from the eastern coast. There is no other country like India in the world, which has a long coastline on the Indian Ocean and thus, justifying the naming of an ocean after it.

MAP READING

Question 1: Identify the following with the help of map reading.

(i) The Island groups of India lying in the Arabian Sea and the Bay of Bengal.

Solution: Lakshadweep

(ii) The countries constituting Indian Subcontinent.

Solution: Countries which make the Indian subcontinent are Pakistan in the north-west, India at the core, Nepal in the north, Bhutan in the north-east and Bangladesh in the east.

(iii) The states through which the Tropic of Cancer passes.

Solution: Tropic of Cancer passes through the states of Gujarat, Rajasthan, Madhya Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Jharkhand, West Bengal, Tripura and Mizoram.

(iv) The northernmost latitude in degrees.

Solution: 37°6′ N

(v) The southernmost latitude of the Indian mainland in degrees.

Solution: 8°4′ N

(vi) The eastern and the western most longitude in degrees.

Solution: Western – 68°7′ E, Eastern – 97°25′ E

(vii) The place situated on the three seas.

Solution: Kanyakumari

(viii) The strait separating Sri Lanka from India.

Solution: The Palk Strait.

(ix) The Union Territories of India.

Solution: Andaman and Nicobar Islands, Chandigarh, Dadra and Nagar Haveli, Daman and Diu, Delhi, Lakshadweep, Puducherry (Pondicherry).

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Geography is a fascinating subject that helps you understand the physical and human aspects of the world. It covers topics such as the solar system, the earth, the continents, the oceans, the climate, the natural resources, the population, the agriculture, the industries, the transport and the communication. By studying geography, you can learn about the diversity and interdependence of life on earth. You can also learn about the environmental issues and challenges that affect our planet. 🌍

Class 9 geography  is an important stage in your academic journey. It covers the topics such as India - size and location, physical features of India, drainage, climate, natural vegetation and wildlife, population, land resources and agriculture, water resources, mineral resources, power resources, manufacturing industries and transport and communication. These topics are not only interesting but also relevant for your understanding of India’s geography and development. They also prepare you for the board exams in class 10, as well as for higher studies and competitive exams. 🚀

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Chapter 1 Class 9 Geography - India-Size And Location

Chapter 2 class 9 geography - physical features of india, chapter 3 class 9 geography - drainage, chapter 4 class 9 geography - climate, chapter 5 class 9 geography - natural vegetation and wildlife, chapter 6 class 9 geography - population.

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• School Guide
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NCERT Solutions for Class 9 Geography Social Science Chapter 5: Natural Vegetation and Wildlife

NCERT Solutions for Class 9 Geography helps students prepare well for their yearly exams. The teachers focus on making concepts clear to Class 9 students. Sometimes, answering questions from the textbook can be tough because the chapters are mostly theoretical. However, with NCERT solutions, students can understand the chapters better and revise the entire syllabus before the exam.

These solutions cover all the questions in the NCERT Class 9 textbook. If a student struggles to find an answer, they can refer to these solutions. The answers include detailed explanations, which are helpful for exam preparation. Students using the NCERT Class 9 Social Science solutions are likely to get higher marks in their exams.

In this article, we will discuss NCERT Solutions for Class 9 Geography Social Science Chapter 5: Natural Vegetation and Wildlife.

NCERT Solutions for Class 9 Geography are created by in-house subject specialists with extensive teaching experience. The PDF versions of solutions for each chapter are freely available for download. Students who struggle with questions from the NCERT Textbook can use these solutions for reference. The faculty develop these solutions to assist students in achieving higher scores in the Class 9 exam, regardless of their intellectual abilities.

Here are the solutions as mentioned below.

1. Choose the right answer from the four alternatives given below:

(i) Which of the following types of vegetation does rubber belong to?

(a) Tundra, (b) Himalayan, (c) Tidal, (d) Tropical Evergreen

(d) Tropical Evergreen

(ii) Cinchona trees are found in areas of rainfall more than

(a) 100 cm, (b) 70 cm, (c) 50 cm, (d) less than 50 cm

(iii) In which of the following state is the Simlipal bio-reserve located?

(a) Punjab, (b) Delhi, (c) Odisha, (d) West Bengal

(iv) Which one of the following bio-reserves of India is not included in the world network of bio reserves?

(a) Manas, (b) Gulf of Mannar, (c) Nilgiri, (d) Nanda Devi

2. Answer the following questions briefly.

(i) What factors are responsible for the distribution of plants and animals in India?

Climatic conditions: Temperature Humidity Photoperiod Precipitation Relief: Land Soil

(ii) What is a bio-reserve? Give two examples.

Bio-reserves are protected areas. This is done to protect natural vegetation, wildlife and the environment. Examples: Sunderbans Gulf of Mannar

(iii) Name two animals having habitats in the tropical and montane types of vegetation.

Tropical: Tiger, Elephant. Montane: Snow Leopard

3. Distinguish between

(i) flora and fauna.

The plant species of a particular region is called flora, and the animal species of a particular region is called fauna.

(ii) Tropical evergreen and deciduous forests

Tropical Evergreen Forests: They are called rainforests. No definite time for trees to shed leaves. Rainfall is more than 200 cm. Tropical Deciduous Forests: They are called monsoon forests. Trees shed leaves for about six to eight weeks in the dry summer. The rainfall range is between 200 cm to 70 cm.

4. Name different types of vegetation found in India and describe the vegetation of high altitudes.

The different types of vegetation found in India are listed below: Tropical evergreen forests Tropical deciduous forests Tropical thorn forests and scrubs Montane forests Mangrove forests The characteristics of vegetation in high altitudes are as follows: Alpine vegetation is found in altitudes above 3600 m. Trees in these areas are junipers, birches and pines.

5. Several species of plants and animals are endangered in India. Why?

The reasons are as follows: Increasing population Pollution Deforestation Hunting by poachers.

6. Why has India a rich heritage of flora and fauna?

India is a country with diverse relief features Availability of different types of soil Variation in climatic conditions

Natural Vegetation and Wildlife Summary

Our country India is one of the 12 countries in the world with extensive biodiversity. It boasts approximately 47,000 plant species, ranking tenth globally and fourth in Asia for plant variety. The abundant wildlife and diverse vegetation contribute to India’s status as one of the most biologically rich nations. Students will explore the varying climatic conditions across different regions of the country. The term “flora” refers to the plants found in a specific area or era, while “fauna” denotes the animal species. Below are additional significant aspects of the country’s natural vegetation:

1. Relief: Land and Soil

• Temperature
• Photoperiod
• Precipitation

3. Types of Vegetation

• Tropical Evergreen Forests
• Tropical Deciduous Forests
• Tropical Thorn Forests and Scrubs
• Montane Forests
• Mangrove Forests

India has around 90,000 different kinds of animals. We have about 2,000 types of birds, making up 13% of all the birds in the world. We also have 2,546 kinds of fish, which is almost 12% of the world’s total. Plus, we have about 5 to 8% of all the world’s amphibians, reptiles, and mammals.

Also Read: Natural Vegetation in India Forest and Wildlife Resources Conservation of Forest and Wildlife Types of Natural Vegetation in India Types and Distribution of Forest and Wildlife Resources

FAQs – NCERT Solutions for Class 9 Geography Social Science Chapter 5: Natural Vegetation and Wildlife

What is wildlife class 9 notes.

The wildlife includes mammals, birds, reptiles, amphibians, insects, freshwater, and marine fishes. The natural vegetation of a place refers to the plants naturally growing there without human interference or aid and has been left undisturbed for a long time. It is also termed virgin vegetation.

What is natural vegetation and wildlife in geography?

India also has approximately 90,000 species of animals, as well as, a rich variety of fish in its fresh and marine waters. Natural vegetation refers to a plant community, which has grown naturally without human aid and has been left undisturbed by humans for a long time. This is termed as a virgin vegetation.

What is wildlife short note?

Wildlife refers to undomesticated animal species, but has come to include all organisms that grow or live wild in an area without being introduced by humans. Wildlife was also synonymous to game: those birds and mammals that were hunted for sport. Wildlife can be found in all ecosystems.

What is natural vegetation and wildlife Class 9 notes?

India has rich vegetation of 47,000 plant species and 90,000 animal species. Flora refers to various plant species, while Fauna refers to various animal species. Land, soil, temperature, photoperiod, and precipitation are the factors responsible for varieties of vegetation.

What is Virgin Forest Class 9?

An old-growth forest – also termed primary forest,virgin forest, late seral forest or primeval forest – is a forest that has attained great age without significant disturbance and thereby exhibits unique ecological features and might be classified as a climax community.

What is climate class 9?

Climate refers to the sum total of weather conditions and variations over a large area for a long period of time (more than thirty years). Weather refers to the state of the atmosphere over an area at any point of time.

What is natural vegetation in detail?

Natural vegetation implies plants that have not been developed and processed naturally by mankind. They have been left undisturbed by humankind for a long period of time. The types of natural vegetation differ according to precipitation, soil, climate, and topography.

Why is natural vegetation and wildlife important class 9?

Plants provide us with timber, give shelter to animals, produce oxygen, control soil erosion and give us fruits, nuts, latex, paper and medicinal plants. Wildlife includes animals, birds, insects and aquatic life forms. They provide us milk, meat, hides and wool.

What is wildlife class 9th?

It refers to undomesticated animal species, although it now includes all animals that evolve or exist in the wild in an environment free of human intervention. Biodiversity may be present in all ecosystems.

What is wildlife in India Class 9?

Our country has more than 89,000 of animal species. It has more than 1200 species of birds. They constitute 13% of the world’s total. There are 2500 species of fish, which account for nearly 12% of the world’s stock.

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NCERT Solutions for Class 9 Social Science Geography Chapter 1 India size and location

Ncert solutions for class 9 sst geography chapter 1 india size and location.

Geography Chapter 1 Class 9 Question-1

• Name the group of islands lying in the Arabian sea?
• Name the countries which are larger than India?
• Which island group of India lies to its south-east?
• Which island countries are our southern neighbors?
• Lakshadweep islands.
• Russia, Canada, USA, China, Brazil, and Australia.
• Andaman and Nicobar islands.
• Srilanka and Maldives

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Question-2 The sun rises two hours earlier in Arunachal Pradesh as compared to Gujarat in the west but the watches show the same time. How does this happen? Solution: From Gujarat to Arunachal Pradesh, there is a time lag of two hours, but the watches show the same time because the time along the Standard Meridian of India (82° 30’E) passing through Mirzapur in Uttar Pradesh is taken as the standard time for the whole country. Because the same standard time for the whole country has been adopted, the watches show the same time in Arunachal Pradesh, Gujarat, and in all parts of the country.

Question-3 The central location of India at the head of the Indian Ocean is considered of great significance. Why? Solution: The trans-Indian Ocean routes which connect the countries of Europe in the West and the countries of East Asia provide a strategic central location to India.

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Class 9 Geography NCERT Solutions, Notes Study Material

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Geography for class 9 cbse exam pattern 2024-2025, geography for class 9 syllabus 2024-2025 pdf download.

Class 9 Geography Syllabus

1. Class 9 India - Size and Location

• Introduction to India's size and location on the world map
• Latitude and longitude of India
• India's neighbouring countries
• India's time zone

2. Class 9 Physical Features of India

• Introduction to physical features of India
• The Northern Mountains: Himalayas and their significance
• The Northern Plains: Indo-Gangetic plain and their significance
• The Peninsular Plateau: Deccan Plateau and their significance
• The Coastal Plains: Eastern and Western Ghats and their significance
• The Islands: Andaman and Nicobar Islands, Lakshadweep Islands and their significance

3. Class 9 Drainage

• Introduction to drainage system of India
• Major rivers of India: Ganga, Brahmaputra, Indus, Godavari, Narmada, Tapi and Mahanadi
• Significance of rivers in India
• Problems related to river pollution and their solutions

4. Class 9 Climate

• Introduction to climate in India
• Classification of climate in India: Tropical Monsoon, Tropical Savanna, Humid Subtropical, Semi-Arid, Arid and Alpine
• Factors influencing the climate in India
• Impact of climate change on India

5. Class 9 Natural Vegetation and Wildlife

• Introduction to natural vegetation in India
• Classification of vegetation in India: Tropical Evergreen, Tropical Deciduous, Thorny, Montane, Mangrove and Desert
• Importance of forests in India
• Conservation of forests and wildlife in India

6. Class 9 Population

• Introduction to population in India
• Population distribution and density in India
• Population growth and its impact on the environment
• Population control measures in India

This course is helpful for the following exams: Class 9

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NCERT Books

NCERT Geography Book Class 9 [2021 -22 Edition Revised Syllabus] PDF Download

NCERT Class 9 Geography Books : The National Council of Educational Research and Training (NCERT) publishes Geography textbooks for Class 9. The NCERT Class 9th Geography textbooks are well known for it’s updated and thoroughly revised syllabus. The NCERT Geography Books are based on the latest exam pattern and CBSE syllabus. NCERT has a good image when it comes to publishing the study materials for the students. NCERT keeps on updating the Geography books with the help of the latest question papers of each year. The Class 9 Geography books of NCERT are very well known for its presentation. The use of these books is not only suitable for studying the regular syllabus of various boards but it can also be useful for the candidates appearing for various competitive exams UPSC, Staff Selection Commission, PSU’s, Railways, PSC Exams.

NCERT Class 9 Geography Books PDF Download in English and Hindi Medium

NCERT Class 9 Geography Books are provided in PDF form so that students can access it at anytime anywhere. Class 9 NCERT Geography Books are created by the best professors who are experts in Geography and have good knowledge in the subject.

Contemporary India – I NCERT Geography Book Class 9 PDF in English Medium

• Chapter 1 India Size and Location
• Chapter 2 Physical Features of India
• Chapter 3 Drainage
• Chapter 4 Climate
• Chapter 5 Natural Vegetation and Wild Life
• Chapter 6 Population

The NCERT syllabus mainly focuses on this book to make it student-friendly to make it useful for both the students and the competitive exam aspirants. The book covers a detailed Geography based on the syllabuses of various boards. NCERT Geography Books for Class 9 is perfectly compatible with almost every Indian education state and central boards.

We hope that this detailed article on NCERT Class 9 Geography Books helps you in your preparation and you crack the Class 9 exams or competitive exams with excellent scores. For your convenience, you can download PDFs of books and structure your study plan ahead. You should focus more on practicing previous year question papers too as this will further assist you in understanding the frequency of questions.

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India Size and Location Class 9 Notes: CBSE Geography Chapter 1 (Contemporary India)

• Revision Notes
• Social Science: Geography
• Chapter 1 India: Size And Location

India Size and Location Class 9 Geography Chapter 1 Notes - FREE PDF Download

Vedantu’s Note for Class 9 Social Science Geography (Contemporary India) India Size and Location, Students will learn about India’s geographical size and its location on the world map. The notes cover India’s total area, its latitudinal and longitudinal extent, and the significance of its position relative to other countries and geographical features.

Vedantu makes it easier for students to see the lessons and ideas in the Class 9 Geography Notes . Students can download the Chapter 1 India Size and Location Class 9 Notes PDF, making it simple to study and review whenever you need with the updated CBSE Social Science Class 9 Syllabus .

Access Revision Notes For Class 9 Geography Chapter 1 India Size and Location

India is one of the world's oldest civilizations. It has progressed politically, geographically, socially, and economically over the last few decades. India has also played a significant role in shaping world history.

Location of India

It is a vast country located in the northern hemisphere, with latitudes ranging from 8°4'N to 37°6'N and longitudes ranging from 68°7'E to 97°25'E.

The Tropic of Cancer, 23° 30'N roughly divides the country into two halves.

The Andaman and Nicobar Islands are in the Bay of Bengal to the southeast of the mainland, and the Lakshadweep Islands are in the Arabian Sea to the southwest.

Size of India

India's landmass covers 3.28 million sq. km, accounting for approximately 2.4% of the world's total geographical area.

In terms of landmass, India is regarded as the world's seventh-largest country.

India has an area of ​​about 15,200 square miles [15,200 km], and the length of the entire coastal area, including the Andaman and Nicobar Islands and Lakshadweep, is 7516.6 square miles.

In the northeast, north, and northwest, India is bounded by Young Fold mountains.

It begins to move south at 22 ° latitude north and reaches the Indian Ocean, dividing it into two seas, the Arabian Sea to the west and the Bay.

Time near the Standard Meridian of India, 82 ° 30, passing through Mirzapur, Uttar Pradesh, is considered the country's standard time.

As one proceeds from south to north, the length of the day and night is influenced by the latitudinal extent.

India and Her Relationship with the World

India is situated in the centre of the Asian continent, between the west and East. It is a southerly extension of the Asian continent. It is distinct from the rest of Asia and is referred to as a subcontinent.

The trans-Indian Ocean routes link Western European countries with East Asian countries. No other country in the Indian Ocean has a coastline as long as India's.

India is the only country to have an ocean after its name.

India's land routes predate sea routes for a long time. The various routes that cut through the northern mountains provided transportation for ancient travellers because the sea had previously limited such communication.

These routes brought the Ramayana and Mahabharata Indian epics, Panchatantra stories, Upanishads, Indian numerals, and the decimal system to the world. Besides, goods such as muslin and spices were exported from the country to other parts of the world.

The influence of Greek sculpture and architecture can be widely seen in the country. 

India and its Neighbours

India has deep historical ties with its neighbours. It comprises 28 states and 9 union territories in all. In the northwest, it borders Afghanistan and Pakistan, while in the east, it borders Nepal, Bangladesh, and Burma. Sri Lanka and the Maldives are located on India's southern coast.

Some Interesting Facts about India

Before 1947, India had two types of states: provinces and princely states. The provinces were ruled by British officials appointed as viceroys by the British Council. In exchange for loyalty against the British government, the princely states were ruled by local hereditary rulers.

Indira Point, the Indian Union's southernmost point, was submerged by waters during the 2004 Tsunami.

India’s distance from Europe has decreased by 7000 km since the opening of the Suez Canal in 1896.

India has the world's second-highest population density. 

Kanchenjunga, India's highest mountain peak, is the world's third-highest mountain peak.

India is divided into two equal parts by The Tropic of Cancer. The central part of India lies in the Northern hemisphere. 

There are the Andaman and Nicobar Islands and Lakshadweep Islands located in the Bay of Bengal and the Arabian Sea respectively In the southeast and southwest of India.

Geography class 9, chapter 1, notes describe the size and boundaries of India. The total size of India is approximately 2.4 percent of the total size of the world. 

India's total size is approximately 3.28 million square kilometres. The land boundary of India is almost 15200 kilometres in length. But the total length of the coastline including two islands is almost 7516.6 kilometres. 

Mountains surround the northern part of India. These mountains become thinner in the south, extend to the Indian Ocean, and divide it into two seas.

One is the Bay of Bengal in the east, and another is the Arabian Sea in the west. The east-west extension of the mainland is smaller than the north-south extension. 

Gujarat and Arunachal Pradesh have a time difference of two hours. The time at Mirzapur in Uttar Pradesh is considered the standard time in the whole country. However, the latitudinal extent of India influences the day and night in the country. More information on this subject can be found in Geography class 9 chapter 1 notes.

India and the World

Geography class 9 notes describe the location of India in the world. India is located in central Asia. India has this fine strategic location due to the trans-Indian Ocean routes. The Deccan Peninsula helps India to connect with West Asia. The largest coastline of India is situated in the Indian Ocean. India is well-connected with the rest of the world through land and water.

However, its land contact is older than water contact. The oceans have restricted travel in the country since ancient times. But, the land passages helped in the travel of ancient travellers. India also has a rich source of spices that are exported to many countries of the world. The architectural styles of West Asia and Greek culture are seen in different parts of India.

The class 9 Geography chapter 1 notes describe India's geographical connection with the rest of the world and its surroundings. India has a strong historical connection with its neighbours. It has a total of 28 states and 9 Union Territories. It shares its border with Afghanistan and Pakistan in the northwest and Bangladesh and Myanmar in the east. Sri Lanka and the Maldives are on the southern side of India.

Practise Questions and Answers:

1. Why is the central location of India advantageous for the country?

Ans: India has a strategic advantage due to its location in the centre of the Indian Ocean, as the Trans Indian Ocean routes connect it to countries in Europe and Asia. India's strategic location in the ocean allows it to create ties with West Asia, Africa, and Europe. Since ancient times, India's wide coastline and natural harbours have aided in trade and commerce with neighbouring and distant countries. It is extremely beneficial for trade with Africa, Southeast Asia, Australia, and Europe. India benefits from the southwest monsoon seasons because of its marine location.

2. The sun rises two hours earlier in Arunachal Pradesh than in Gujarat. Despite this fact, all the watches show at the same time. Why?

Ans: There is a two-hour time difference between Gujarat and Arunachal Pradesh, although the watches show the same time since the time along the Standard Meridian of India i.e., 82° 30' E passing through Mirzapur in Uttar Pradesh is used as the country's standard time. Because the same standard time has been established for the entire country, watches in Arunachal Pradesh and Gujarat, as well as the rest of the country, display the same time.

3. Which countries neighbour India?

Ans: India is bounded on the north by China, with the largest land area, 96 lakh square kilometres, Nepal, and Bhutan, on the south by Sri Lanka, on the east by Myanmar and Bangladesh, on the west by Pakistan, and the north-west by Afghanistan. The Maldives, India's smallest neighbour which expands over 298 square kilometres is situated to the south-east of the country. India maintains trade and cultural ties with these neighbours.

4. Write a short note on the silk route.

Ans: The Silk Route is a centuries-old commercial route that connects Asia to the Mediterranean Sea. It traverses and connects China, India, Greece, Persia, and Italy. Silk traffic was done through this route throughout the ancient period, and therefore the term silk route. Silk was developed in China and exported to other countries. Furthermore, the root aided the commerce of muslin, spices, and other commodities from India.

5. Why are the Himalayas important for India?

Ans : The Himalayas are a significant physical barrier that separates the Indian subcontinent from the rest of the world. They serve as both a military and a climatic barrier. The Himalayas also keep the cold and chilly winds from the north polar regions from influencing the Indian subcontinent's climate as a result there are no harsh winters. It also prevents moisture-laden winds from the south from blowing into Central Asia, resulting in rainfall across the subcontinent. As the Himalayas are known as the "abode of snow," they are the source of numerous perennial rivers and their tributaries. Throughout the year, these rivers provide water for irrigation and agricultural purposes. They store a massive amount of valuable minerals that are vital to the country. It has diverse biodiversity, with a wide range of fauna and flora.

6. How had the passes through the mountains been useful in ancient times for India?

India has been linked to the rest of the world via mountain routes in the north, north-east, and north-west. 

Since time immemorial, these routes have been used for transportation. These routes were utilised by ancient travellers to travel to and from India. 

India provided the world with its number and decimal systems. These routes were used to spread the famous epics of Ramayana and Mahabharat, as well as the Upanishads and the Panchatantra.

These channels have allowed for the movement of commodities and ideas. The Greek architectural style was adopted by India.

5 Important Topics of Social Science Geography Class 9 Chapter 1 you shouldn’t Miss!

Importance of Class 9 Geography Chapter 1 India Size and Location Revision Notes

Understand the total area of India, its latitudinal and longitudinal extent, and how these dimensions define its boundaries.

Learn about India’s position relative to the Equator and the Prime Meridian, including its neighbouring countries and their impact on India’s climate and trade.

Explore why India's geographical location is significant, including its influence on climate, agriculture, and cultural exchanges.

Examine the major physical features of India, such as the Himalayas, the Thar Desert, and the coastal plains, and how these features affect the country’s climate and population distribution.

Discover how India’s vast size impacts timekeeping and the concept of time zones, including the standard time used across the country and its implications for daily life.

Tips for Learning the Class 9 Geography Chapter 1 India Size and Location

Focus on fundamental ideas such as India's geographical extent, location on the globe, and its significance. Knowing these basics will help you understand more complex topics later.

Visual aids like maps and diagrams are important for this chapter. Pay attention to how India is positioned relative to other countries and geographical features. Practice drawing or studying these maps to reinforce your learning.

Try to connect the geographical information with real-life scenarios. For example, understand how India’s location affects its climate and trade relationships with neighbouring countries.

Make concise summaries of each section of the chapter. Focus on essential facts such as India’s latitudinal and longitudinal extent, and the major physical features discussed in the chapter.

Regularly review your notes and practice answering questions related to the chapter. This will help reinforce your knowledge and improve retention for exams.

In this chapter, India: Size and Location, we learned about India's size, where it is on the map, and why this is important. We looked at how big India is, its position among other countries, and the major landforms like the Himalayas and the coastal plains. Understanding these details helps us see why India’s location matters for its climate and interactions with other countries. Vedantu’s notes make these ideas clearer and easier to remember. By using these notes, students will be well-prepared for their exams and have a solid grasp of India’s geography.

Related Study Materials for Class 9 Geography Chapter 1 India Size and Location

Revision Notes Links for Class 9 Geography

Important Study Materials for Class 9 Social Science

FAQs on India Size and Location Class 9 Notes: CBSE Geography Chapter 1 (Contemporary India)

1. What are the key points covered in Class 9 Geography Chapter 1 notes? 

Class 9 Geography Chapter 1 notes focus on India’s size, location, and geographical features. Key points include India’s total area, its position on the globe, and major landforms.

2. Where can I find Class 9 Geography Chapter 1 notes in PDF format? 

You can find Class 9 Geography Chapter 1 notes in PDF format on Vedantu’s website. Search for “Geography Class 9 Chapter 1 notes PDF” for easy access.

3. How does the chapter 'India: Size and Location' explain India’s geographical extent? 

The chapter explains India’s geographical extent by detailing its total area, latitudinal and longitudinal positions, and its placement relative to the Equator and Prime Meridian.

4. What is covered in the 'India Size and Location' notes for Class 9? 

The 'India Size and Location' notes for Class 9 cover India’s total area, its position on the world map, neighbouring countries, and significant physical features like the Himalayas and coastal plains.

5. Why is the 'India: Size and Location' chapter important for Class 9 Geography? 

This chapter is important as it provides foundational knowledge about India’s geographical size and location, which is essential for understanding its climate, agriculture, and global interactions.

6. What should I focus on while studying Class 9 Geography Chapter 1 notes?

Focus on India’s size, its latitudinal and longitudinal extent, its location relative to other countries, and major physical features. Using maps and diagrams can also help in understanding these concepts better.

7. Can I get simplified notes for Class 9 Geography Chapter 1? 

Yes, simplified notes for Class 9 Geography Chapter 1 can be found on Vedantu’s website, which breaks down complex concepts into easy-to-understand points and includes visual aids for better comprehension.

8. How do Vedantu’s notes for Class 9 Geography Chapter 1 help in learning? 

Vedantu’s notes simplify key concepts of Class 9 Geography Chapter 1, including India’s size and location. They provide clear explanations, helpful diagrams, and concise summaries to aid in exam preparation.

9. What are the major topics in Class 9th Geography Chapter 1 notes? 

Major topics in Class 9th Geography Chapter 1 notes include India’s geographical extent, location on the globe, physical features, and the importance of its position in the global context.

10. How can I effectively use Class 9 Geography Chapter 1 notes for exam preparation? 

To effectively use Class 9 Geography Chapter 1 notes for exam preparation, review the key concepts regularly, use maps and diagrams to reinforce learning, and practice answering related questions to test your understanding.

STUDY MATERIALS FOR CLASS 9

NCERT Books Class 9 Geography PDF Download

NCERT Books Class 9 Geography in English and Hindi Medium with NCERT solutions free pdf download . Download Geography exam support material for the students studying in Class 9. PDF download Contemporary India NCERT Geography books Class 9.

NCERT Books Class 9 Geography Free PDF Download

PDF Download official prescribed Contemporary India Geography Class 9 NCERT textbook below. Book based on Latest Geography Class 9 Syllabus . Class IX Contemporary India NCERT Geography Books are easy to understand with fundamental explanations.

NCERT Contemporary India Geography Class 9 Books

Ncert contemporary india geography class 9 books free pdf download.

• Chapter 1 India Size and Location
• Chapter 2 Physical Features of India
• Ch 3 Drainage
• Chapter 4 Climate
• Chapter 5 Natural Vegetation and Wild Life
• Ch 6 Population

भारत और समकालीन विश्व भाग NCERT Geography Class 9th Books All Chapters in Hindi Medium

Ncert books class 9 free pdf download, 1 thought on “ncert books class 9 geography pdf download”.

Thank you so much for providing these NCERT books for free download! As a student, it’s always a struggle to find reliable sources for notes and study materials, especially when it comes to geography. This will definitely help me prepare better for my exams and get a better understanding of the subject. Keep up the good work! 👍🏼

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Class 9 - Total Geography Morning Star

Choose the correct option.

Any change in the natural quality of the environment brought about chemical, physical or biological factors:

The products which are released into the biosphere in large quantities and which affect the normal functioning of ecosystems:

Any unfavourable alteration of our surroundings, wholly or largely as a byproduct of man's actions:

Environmental Pollution

The alteration in characteristics of water, making it unsuitable for designated use in its natural state:

Air Pollution

Water Pollution

• Soil Pollution
• Radioactive Pollution

The pollutants which are formed from the chemical reaction of primary pollutants in the environment:

• Biodegradable pollutants

Secondary pollutants

• Quantitative pollutants

Non-Biodegradable pollutants

The excessive concentration of foreign matter in the air which adversely affects the well-being of human beings, animals, plants and their environment:

The pollutants which are not degraded by microbes or degrade at a very slow rate:

• Primary pollutants

Unwanted sound that is an irritant and source of stress:

• Air pollution
• Radioactive pollution

Noise pollution

• Soil pollution

Which of the following is an example of soil pollution?

• Disposal of solid waste in the open
• Dumping sewage in the open
• Overuse of fertilizers
• All of the above.

All of the above

Question 10

Nuclear fuels produce pollution by ................. .

• end products
• wastes in coolants

Short Answer Questions

What is environmental pollution? What is a pollutant?

Environmental pollution refers to any unfavourable alteration of our surroundings, wholly or largely as a byproduct of man's actions. These changes may affect man and other organisms.

Pollutants are the products which are released into the biosphere in large quantities and which affect the normal functioning of ecosystems and have an adverse effect on plants, animals and man.

Give the difference between natural and man-made pollutants.

What is air pollution? Give a source of air pollution.

Air pollution is the excessive concentration of foreign matter in the air which adversely affects the well being of human beings, animals, plants and their environment.

Fumes released by automobiles like cars, scooters etc are one of the causes of air pollution.

Define water pollution.

Water pollution can be defined as alteration in physical, chemical or biological characteristics of water, making it unsuitable for designated use in its natural state.

What is soil pollution? Why should we avoid soil pollution?

Soil pollution is defined as the change in physical, chemical and biological conditions of the soil through man's intervention resulting in degradation in quality and productivity of the soil.

We should avoid soil pollution because of the following reasons-

• The pollutants enter the food chain at the plant level and get magnified as we move up the food chain.
• The pollutants remain in the soil for relatively longer periods.

What is radioactive pollution?

Radioactive pollution is defined as the increase in natural background radiation, emerging from the activities of man using naturally occurring or artificially produced radioactive materials.

What is noise pollution?

Noise pollution is defined as an unwanted sound that is an irritant and a source of stress.

Structured Questions

Question 1(a).

With reference to pollution, explain the following:

(i) Air pollution

(ii) Water pollution

(i) Air pollution is the excessive concentration of foreign matter in the air which adversely affects the well being of human beings, animals, plants and their environment.

(ii) Water pollution can be defined as alteration in physical, chemical or biological characteristics of water, making it unsuitable for designated use in its natural state.

Question 1(b)

Explain what is radioactive pollution.

Question 1(c)

What are man-made causes of radioactive pollution? Why is radioactive pollution more harmful than other types of pollution?

There are mainly two man-made causes of radioactive pollution:

• The fission products remaining in both the primary and secondary fuels.
• Waste products in the coolant
• Nuclear Weapons — Development and testing of Nuclear weapons creates risk of leakage of radioactive radiations in the environment. The atom bombs dropped on Hiroshima and Nagasaki caused huge destruction and had an enormous impact on the environment till decades later.

Radioactive pollution is more harmful than other types of pollution because the high level products of nuclear wastes remain in the environment for several hundred years. Leakage in nuclear reactors causes environmental pollution and the leakage may result in the death of a number of people.

Question 1(d)

How is noise a source of pollution? Why do we need to look at the problem of noise pollution seriously?

Noise is a physical form of pollution which is not directly harmful to the life supporting systems. It is not fatal to human life, yet its effects cannot be overlooked because repeated exposure to noise reduces the sleeping hours, productivity or efficiency of a human being and it affects the peace of mind and invades the privacy of a human being.

Thinking Skills

Which type/types of pollution is/are more prominent in the city where you live? List the causes and possible remedies?

Air pollution is a significant environmental concern in my city. The major sources of air pollution in the city are:

• Vehicular Emissions — A high number of vehicles on the road contribute to air pollution.
• Industrial emissions — The city has a considerable number of industries that emit pollutants such as particulate matter, sulphur dioxide, and nitrogen dioxide.
• Construction activities — The ongoing construction activities in the city also contribute to air pollution through dust emissions.
• Deforestation — To accommodate the growing population of the city, the surrounding forest area is being cut to develop housing colonies and various other amenities.

Various measures that can be taken to check air pollution in the city are:

• Encouraging the use of public transport can help to reduce the number of vehicles on the road, which in turn can help to reduce emissions.
• Promoting the use of renewable energy sources can help to reduce emissions from industries and other sources.
• Implementing stricter regulations for industries can enforce stricter emission norms for industries to limit the amount of pollution they release into the air.
• Promoting green spaces in the city can develop green spaces to absorb pollutants and improve air quality.

Environmental pollution is an incurable disease which can only be prevented. Justify this statement giving examples.

Environmental pollution is an incurable disease which can only be prevented. This can be well understood by the following examples:

• Air pollution — Once pollutants like particulate matter and harmful gases are released into the air, it is difficult to remove them completely. Prevention measures like promoting clean energy sources, implementing emission controls, and reducing industrial pollution are crucial to prevent the occurrence of air pollution.
• Water pollution — Once water bodies are contaminated with pollutants such as chemicals, toxins, and waste, it can be challenging and expensive to clean them. Prevention through proper waste management, reducing industrial discharges, and promoting responsible agricultural practices is essential to prevent water pollution.
• Soil pollution — Once soil is contaminated by pollutants like chemicals, heavy metals, or pesticides, it can take a long time to restore its fertility. Prevention measures such as using organic farming practices, responsible use of fertilizers and pesticides, and proper waste disposal can help prevent soil pollution.

In each case, proactive prevention measures are more effective in mitigating environmental pollution than attempting to cure or reverse the damage caused.

Practical Work

Write down five harmful effects of using non-biodegradable products like plastic bags. Suggest measures that can help to replace plastic bags with eco-friendly products.

Harmful effects of using non-biodegradable products like plastic bags are:

• Environmental pollution — Non-biodegradable plastic bags contribute to environmental pollution when improperly disposed of, leading to littering of land, water bodies, and natural habitats.
• Wildlife and marine life impact — Animals can mistake plastic bags for food or become entangled in them, resulting in injury, suffocation, and death. Marine life suffers from plastic pollution in oceans and waterways.
• Soil degradation — When plastic bags end up in soil, they can hinder water and nutrient absorption, affecting the growth of plants. The presence of plastic debris in soil disrupts natural processes and can lead to long-term soil degradation.
• Health hazards — Non-biodegradable plastic bags can release toxic chemicals and microplastics into the environment. These pollutants can contaminate water sources, enter the food chain, and pose risks to human health.
• Long-term persistence — Plastic bags take hundreds of years to decompose, leading to their long-term presence in the environment and the accumulation of plastic waste.

Some measures that can help to replace plastic bags with eco-friendly products are:

• Promote reusable bags made from sustainable materials like cotton, jute, or canvas.
• Support the development and use of biodegradable bags made from materials like bioplastics or compostable plant fibers.
• Implement policies such as plastic bag bans, levies, or mandatory fees to discourage the use of plastic bags.
• Raise public awareness about the harmful effects of plastic bags and the benefits of eco-friendly alternatives.
• Promote responsible waste management and encourage individuals to choose reusable bags.

WBBSE Solutions for Class 9 Geography and Environment

• Chapter 1 Earth As A Planet
• Chapter 2 Movement Of The Earth Rotation & Revolution
• Chapter 3 Determination Of The Location Of A Place On Earth Surface
• Chapter 4 Geomorphic Processes And Land Forms Of The Earth
• Chapter 5 Weathering
• Chapter 6 Hazards And Disasters
• Chapter 7 Resources Of India
• Chapter 8 West Bengal
• Chapter 9 Map & Scale

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• CBSE Notes For Class 9
• Class 9 Science Notes
• Chapter 14: Natural Resources

Natural Resources Class 9 CBSE Notes - Chapter 14

According to the CBSE Syllabus 2023-24, this chapter has been removed from  NCERT Class 9 Science textbook .

Introduction to Natural Resources

Earth is the only one on which life exists. The resources of the earth are land, water and air. Other resources include fossil fuels, sunlight, wind, minerals, etc. Biotic factors are referred to as living things in the ecosystem. Air, water and soil form the non-living or abiotic components of the biosphere.

To know more about Natural Resources, visit here .

Air and Air Pollution

An atmosphere is a layer of gases that surrounds a planet. Atmospheric air has 78% nitrogen, 21% oxygen and 1% of other gases by volume.

Role of atmosphere

The atmosphere keeps the average temperature of Earth steady. It slows down the escape of heat into outer space during the night and prevents a sudden increase in temperature during the day.

Air pollution

• Air pollution is caused by the introduction of pollutants, organic molecules, or other unsafe materials into Earth’s atmosphere
• Causes: Man-made sources include the combustion of fuel, smoke from industries, Burning crackers etc. Natural sources include forest fires, volcanoes, etc.
• E ffects : Respiratory diseases, Global warming, Acid Rain, etc.

To know more about Air pollution, visit here .

Ozone layer

The ozone layer is a thin part of the Earth’s atmosphere, which functions as a shield over the Earth’s stratosphere and absorbs the greatest amount of the Sun’s ultraviolet (UV) radiation.  The ozone layer comprises high concentrations of ozone (O 3 ) in relation to other parts of the atmosphere.

To know more about the Ozone layer, visit here .

Ozone layer depletion

Ozone layer depletion is the reduction of the amount of ozone in the stratosphere which results in greater UV radiations reaching the Earth’s surface.

To know more about Ozone layer depletion, visit here .

Chlorofluorocarbon ( CFC ) is an organic compound that contains carbon, chlorine and fluorine

Greenhouse effect

The greenhouse effect is a natural phenomenon which occurs when the greenhouse gases present in the Earth’s atmosphere trap solar radiation. Carbon dioxide (CO 2 ), methane (CH 4 ), ozone (O 3 ), chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs), nitrous oxide (N 2 O) and water vapour (H 2 O) are called greenhouse gases.

To know more about the Greenhouse effect, visit here .

Water: A natural resource

Role of water in everyday life: Water forms two-thirds of our body; it keeps the body’s temperature normal. It is also used for agricultural purposes, Domestic Purposes, Industrial Purposes, etc. Distribution of water on earth: Only 3% of the water on the surface is fresh, and the remaining 97% resides in the ocean.

Water pollution

Water pollution is the contamination of water bodies caused by discharging pollutants directly or indirectly into the fresh and clean water bodies without adequate treatment.

The main causes of water pollution are

• Urbanisation.
• Agriculture
• Religious and Social Practices
• Withdrawal of water and drying up of water bodies

To know more causes of water pollution, visit here .

Water cycle

• The water cycle , also known as the hydrologic cycle, is the continuous movement of water from the earth’s surface to the atmosphere and then back to the ground.

To know more about the Water cycle, visit here .

Transpiration and Evaporation

Transpiration is the biological process by which water is lost in the form of water vapour from the aerial parts of the plants called stomata. Evaporation is a process by which a liquid or solid is transformed into vapour.

Soil and its formation

Soil is the uppermost layer of the Earth’s crust, formed by the continuous weathering of mountains. Factors causing soil formation are:- Parent material, Time, Climate and Organisms.

Soil composition

Soil is a mixture of organic matter. The basic components of soil are minerals,  inorganic matter, water and air. Various types of soil are clay, loam, silt, sand, etc.

The organic constituents, including the dried leaves, twigs, and remains of plants and animals, decompose to form the upper organic layer known as humus.  It plays an important role in increasing the fertility of the soil.

Soil pollution

The addition of harmful or toxic chemicals to the soil, which renders it unproductive, is called soil pollution. Fertilizers, insecticides, industrial wastes, accidental oil spills, acid rain, etc., are pollutants and are the main causes of soil pollution.

Soil erosion

Soil erosion is one form of soil degradation. Flowing water, rainwater and the wind are the prime agents which cause soil erosion. This causes loss of topsoil and also reduces crop production potential.

To know more about Soil, visit here .

Bio-geo-chemical cycle

The natural cycle or pathways in which the essential matter is circulated through the biotic and abiotic parts of an ecosystem.

• Biogeochemical = Biological Chemical + Geological Process

To know more about Biogeochemical Cycle, visit here .

Carbon is a chemical element with the symbol C. It is a nonmetallic chemical element found in various forms:

• In Elemental forms- Diamond, graphite
• In Combined form-carbon dioxide, carbonates
• Carbon-containing molecules are proteins, carbohydrates, fats, nucleic acids, vitamins

Carbon cycle

The circulation and transformation of carbon between living things and the environment is called the Carbon Cycle.

To know more about Carbon Cycle, visit here .

Nitrogen Cycle

The nitrogen cycle is the recycling and reusing of nitrogen in different forms to meet the demands of various environmental activities.

To know more about Nitrogen Cycle, visit here .

Oxygen Cycle

It is a biological process which helps maintain the oxygen level.

Photosynthesis is a biological process used by plants to prepare their food with the help of sunlight and energy.

To know more about Oxygen Cycle, visit here .

Frequently Asked Questions on CBSE Class 9 Science Notes Chapter 14: Natural Resources

What are the consequences of cfc emissions.

Chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs), hydrochlorofluorocarbons (HCFCs) and halons destroy the earth’s protective ozone layer, which shields the earth from harmful ultraviolet (UV-B) rays generated from the sun.

What are the steps in the ‘Hydrologic cycle’?

The Hydrologic cycle is the water cycle, and it consists of three major processes: evaporation, condensation and precipitation.

What are the uses of humus?

Humus allows water and oxygen to reach and feed plant roots. By allowing excess water to drain, organic material prevents vital nutrients from leaching out of the soil.

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