phd interview questions science

PhD Interview Questions and Answers (13 Questions + Answers)

Most PhD applications include an interview. This allows your university (and perhaps even your prospective supervisor) to discuss the PhD with you in more detail.

This article lists some of the most common PhD interview questions along with their answers. The goal is to help you prepare for a PhD interview and pass with flying colors.

1) How did you develop this proposal?

When responding to this question, demonstrate your thought process, research skills, and the evolution of your ideas. Let's choose the subject of "Renewable Energy Integration in Urban Planning" as an example.

Sample answer:

"My proposal on 'Renewable Energy Integration in Urban Planning' originated from my undergraduate thesis on sustainable cities. Intrigued by the potential of renewable energy in urban environments, I conducted a literature review to identify gaps in current research. This review highlighted a lack of comprehensive strategies for integrating renewable technologies at a city-wide level. I then consulted with experts in urban planning and renewable energy, which provided practical insights into the challenges and opportunities in this field. I designed a methodology that combines spatial analysis with energy modeling to explore optimal renewable energy integration in urban landscapes. This proposal represents an amalgamation of academic research, expert consultation, and innovative methodology development."

This answer is effective because it mentions a literature review demonstrates the ability to conduct thorough research and identify gaps in existing knowledge.

2) Why do you wish to pursue a PhD?

For this question, it's important to articulate your passion for the subject, your long-term career goals, and how the PhD program aligns with these aspects.

Let's choose the subject of "Artificial Intelligence in Healthcare" for this example.

"I am passionate about leveraging technology to improve healthcare outcomes, and pursuing a PhD in Artificial Intelligence in Healthcare aligns perfectly with this passion. During my Master's, I was fascinated by the potential of AI to revolutionize diagnostic processes and personalized medicine. I believe a PhD will provide me with the deep technical knowledge and research skills necessary to contribute significantly to this field. My goal is to develop AI systems that enhance medical diagnostics, ultimately improving patient care and treatment efficiency. This PhD program, known for its pioneering research in AI and strong healthcare collaborations, is the ideal environment for me to develop these innovations and achieve my career aspirations in healthcare technology."

This is a great answer because you clearly state that the PhD will provide the necessary skills and knowledge, indicating a clear understanding of the purpose of the program.

3) Why do you think you are the right candidate for this PhD program?

Discuss how your research interests align with the program's strengths and the faculty's expertise. Explain how the program's resources, courses, and research opportunities can help you achieve your academic and career goals.

"I am deeply passionate about environmental science, particularly in the area of sustainable urban development. This passion was ignited during my master's program in Environmental Studies at XYZ University, where I completed a thesis on urban green spaces and their impact on city microclimates. This research not only honed my skills in data analysis and GIS mapping but also highlighted the importance of interdisciplinary approaches to environmental issues. I am drawn to your PhD program at ABC University because of its innovative research on sustainable urban planning and the renowned work of Professor Jane Smith in this field. Her research aligns with my interest in integrating green infrastructure into urban planning to mitigate climate change effects. My perseverance, attention to detail, and ability to synthesize complex data make me an ideal candidate for this challenging program. Pursuing this PhD is integral to my goal of becoming an environmental consultant, where I plan to develop strategies for cities to reduce their environmental footprint."

This response is effective because it mentions particular aspects of your experience and the program, avoiding generic statements. It also outlines how the PhD fits into your career path.

4) What do you plan to do after you have completed your PhD?

Be specific about the type of career you aspire to, whether it's in academia, industry, research, etc. Explain how the PhD will equip you with the skills and knowledge for your chosen career path.

"After completing my PhD in Computational Neuroscience, I plan to pursue a career in academia as a university professor. My doctoral research on neural network modeling will provide a strong foundation for teaching and conducting further research in this area. I aim to develop innovative courses that bridge computer science and neuroscience, addressing the growing demand for interdisciplinary knowledge in these fields. Additionally, I intend to continue my research on applying machine learning techniques to understand brain function, which has potential implications for developing new treatments for neurological disorders. This academic pathway allows me to contribute significantly to both education and research in Computational Neuroscience."

This is a great answer because it connects the PhD research directly to future career plans.

It also articulates how your work can impact both academia and the broader field of Computational Neuroscience.

5) Why have you chosen this specific PhD program?

Mention specific aspects of the program that attracted you, such as the curriculum, research facilities, faculty expertise, or reputation.

Explain how the program aligns with your research interests or academic background.

"I chose the PhD program in Artificial Intelligence at MIT because of its cutting-edge research and interdisciplinary approach, which perfectly aligns with my academic background in computer science and my passion for machine learning. The program's emphasis on both theoretical foundations and practical applications in AI is particularly appealing. Additionally, the opportunity to work under the guidance of Professor [Name], whose work in [specific area, e.g., neural networks or AI ethics] has deeply influenced my own research interests, is a significant draw. This program is an ideal fit for me to further develop my skills and contribute to the field of AI, ultimately aiming for a career in AI research and development in the tech industry."

This answer connects your background and goals to the program's offerings.

Including a specific professor's name shows detailed knowledge about the program and faculty.

6) What impact would you like your PhD project to have?

When answering this question, convey both the academic significance and the potential real-world applications of your research. Let's choose a project focused on developing eco-friendly battery technologies for electric vehicles for this example.

"My PhD project aims to develop new eco-friendly battery technologies for electric vehicles (EVs), addressing both the environmental impact of battery production and the efficiency of energy storage. I hope my research will contribute to the academic field by advancing our understanding of sustainable materials for energy storage, potentially leading to publications and patents. Beyond academia, I envision this project significantly impacting the EV industry by providing a more sustainable and efficient battery alternative. This innovation could play a crucial role in reducing the carbon footprint of transportation and supporting global efforts towards a greener future. Ultimately, I aspire for my work to not only advance scientific knowledge but also drive real-world changes in how we approach energy sustainability in transportation."

This is an excellent answer because it connects the project to larger environmental goals and societal benefits. It also reflects a forward-thinking approach, demonstrating your understanding of the project's potential long-term implications.

7) What difficulties would you expect to encounter during this project?

It's important to demonstrate awareness of potential challenges and convey a proactive mindset toward problem-solving. Let's choose a project focused on the development of a novel AI-driven diagnostic tool for early detection of neurological diseases for this example.

"In developing an AI-driven diagnostic tool for early detection of neurological diseases, I anticipate several challenges. Firstly, the accuracy and reliability of the tool depend heavily on the quality and diversity of the data used for training the AI algorithms. Obtaining a comprehensive dataset that adequately represents the population can be difficult due to privacy concerns and data availability. Secondly, ensuring the AI model's interpretability to be clinically useful while maintaining high performance is another challenge, given the complexity of neurological diseases. To address these, I plan to collaborate with interdisciplinary teams, including data privacy experts and neurologists, to source and utilize data ethically and effectively. I also intend to continuously refine the AI model, focusing on both its predictive accuracy and clinical applicability. These challenges, while significant, present valuable opportunities for innovation and interdisciplinary collaboration."

This response is effective because it clearly outlines realistic challenges specific to the AI diagnostic tool project. It also presents a proactive approach to overcoming these challenges, showing problem-solving skills.

8) How will you fund this project?

When answering this question, show that you've thought about the financial aspects of your research and are aware of funding sources that are available and applicable to your project.

"I have identified multiple funding sources to support my renewable energy research project at Stanford University. Firstly, I plan to apply for the DOE Office of Science Graduate Student Research (SCGSR) Program, which offers substantial support for projects focusing on sustainable energy. My proposal for this grant is already in progress, highlighting how my project aligns with the DOE's priorities in advancing clean energy technologies. Additionally, I'm exploring departmental fellowships at Stanford, particularly those aimed at renewable energy research. I am also keen on establishing industry partnerships, given the project's relevance to current energy challenges and the potential for collaborative funding and technological exchange. Last but not least, I will seek conference grants to present my research findings, which can lead to further academic collaborations and additional funding opportunities."

Notice how this answer mentions funding sources that align with the renewable energy focus of the project and the resources available at Stanford University.

9) Tell us about a time you experienced a setback

Focus on a situation relevant to your academic or research experience. Let's use a real-world example where a research experiment failed due to unexpected variables.

"During my Master’s thesis on the effects of soil composition on plant growth, I faced a major setback. My initial experiments, which involved growing plants in different soil types, failed to produce consistent results due to unanticipated environmental variations in the greenhouse. This was disheartening, especially as the deadline approached. However, I responded by reassessing my experimental setup. I consulted with my supervisor and decided to control more variables, such as humidity and temperature. I also refined my data collection methods to include more frequent soil and plant measurements. These adjustments led to more reliable results, and I successfully completed my thesis. This experience taught me the importance of adaptability in research and reinforced the value of meticulous experimental design."

This is a great answer because it shows how you’ve encountered and overcame a specific problem, demonstrating resilience and adaptability.

10) What are your strengths and weaknesses?

When answering this question, it's important to present a balanced view of yourself, showing self-awareness and a commitment to personal development. Choose strengths that are relevant to a PhD program and weaknesses that you're actively working to improve.

"One of my key strengths is my analytical thinking, which I demonstrated during my Master's project where I developed a novel algorithm for data analysis. This required me to not only understand complex theories but also apply them creatively to solve real-world problems. As for weaknesses, I sometimes struggle with overcommitment, taking on too many projects at once. This occasionally led to stress during my undergraduate studies. However, I am actively working on this by improving my time management skills and learning to prioritize tasks more effectively. I've started using project management tools and setting clear boundaries, which has already shown improvements in my workflow and stress levels."

This answer maintains a good balance between strengths and weaknesses. It also shows self-awareness, demonstrating a proactive approach to personal development.

11) Why have you chosen to study for a PhD at this university?

Mention specific aspects of the PhD program that attracted you. Explain how your research interests align with the work being done at the university.

"I am drawn to the PhD program in Astrophysics at Caltech due to its outstanding reputation in space research and the unparalleled resources available at the Owens Valley Radio Observatory. My research interest lies in the study of exoplanets, and Caltech's active projects in this area, such as the Zwicky Transient Facility, align perfectly with my academic goals. The opportunity to work under the guidance of Professor [Name], known for pioneering work in exoplanetary atmospheres, is particularly exciting. Additionally, Caltech's collaborative environment and emphasis on interdisciplinary research are conducive to my professional growth, providing a platform to engage with experts from various fields in astrophysics."

This response directly connects your research interests with ongoing projects and facilities at Caltech. It also shows you’ve done your research on faculty members and their work.

12) What can you bring to this research group?

Focus on your unique skills, experiences, and perspectives that will contribute to the research group's success. Let's choose the field of Biomedical Engineering at Johns Hopkins University for this example.

"As a prospective member of the Biomedical Engineering research group at Johns Hopkins University, I bring a unique combination of skills and experiences. My expertise in microfluidics, honed during my Master’s research, aligns well with the group’s focus on developing lab-on-a-chip devices for medical diagnostics. I have also co-authored two papers in this field, demonstrating my ability to contribute to high-impact research. Additionally, my experience in a start-up environment, where I worked on developing portable diagnostic tools, has equipped me with a practical understanding of translating research into applications. I thrive in collaborative settings, often bringing interdisciplinary insights that foster innovative problem-solving. I am excited about the prospect of contributing to the group’s ongoing projects and introducing fresh perspectives to advance our understanding and application of biomedical technology."

This response shows your relevant expertise, ability to work in a team, and the unique perspectives you can offer, positioning you as a valuable addition to the research group.

13) Do you have any questions for us?

Asking good questions demonstrates your motivation. It also shows that you’ve given some genuine consideration to the project and/or program you’re applying to.

Some questions you can ask the interviewer include:

What will the supervision arrangements be for the project?
What kind of training and skills sessions are offered as part of the PhD program?
How many other PhD students has this supervisor seen to completion?
Are there any major developments or partnerships planned for the department?
Are there likely to be any changes to the funding arrangements for the project?
What opportunities will I have for presenting my research?

Remember: you’re a good student, with lots of potential. You’re considering at least three years of hard work with this university. You need to know that you’ll get on with your supervisor, that your work will be appreciated and that there are good prospects for your project.

What to wear to a PhD interview

Wear formal attire for a PhD interview. Your best bet is to wear a suit. A navy blue suit is the best and most versatile option. No matter your gender, a suit is always very professional.

For men, wear a suit with a tie, dress shirt, and dress shoes. For women, wear a suit (pantsuit or skirt suit) with a blouse, or conservative dress, and closed-toe shoes.

When in doubt, it’s better to be slightly overdressed than underdressed. The goal is to make a professional impression and feel confident, without your attire distracting from the conversation.

What to expect from a PhD interview

At its core, a PhD interview will consist of questions that allow your potential supervisors to get to know you better and have an understanding of what you’d like to study, why you’ve chosen your field of study, and whether you’d be a good fit for the PhD program.

You should expect general questions to help the interviewer get a sense of your likes and dislikes, and your overall personality.

Next, expect questions about your personal motivations for studying a PhD. Your interviewer will also be interested in any relevant experience you have to qualify you to study this PhD.

In the next section, expect questions about your PhD project. You should be prepared to discuss your project idea in detail and demonstrate to the interviewer that you are the ideal candidate.

Last but not least, the interviewer will discuss your future ambitions and give you an opportunity to ask questions. Remember that this interview goes both ways.

It’s important to ask the interviewer relevant questions to show your engagement and the serious consideration you are giving their program.

You are preparing to spend several years of your life at this school. Think about what is important to you and what would make or break your decision to attend this university.

Prepare a list of questions ahead of the interview.

Understanding the interviewer’s point of view

During a PhD interview, interviewers are typically looking for a range of traits that indicate whether you are well-suited for the rigors of a doctoral program and a research career.

These traits include:

Intellectual Curiosity and Passion: A strong enthusiasm for the subject area and a desire to contribute to and expand knowledge in the field.

Research Skills and Experience: Demonstrable skills in conducting research, including designing experiments, collecting and analyzing data, and interpreting results. Prior research experience relevant to the PhD topic is often a plus.

Resilience and Perseverance: The capacity to handle setbacks and challenges, which are common in research, and to persist in the face of difficulties.

Collaboration and Teamwork: Although PhD research can be quite independent, the ability to work well with others, including advisors, faculty, and other students, is crucial.

Self-Motivation and Independence: The drive to work independently, manage one's own project, and stay motivated over the long term.

Fit with the Program: Alignment of the candidate’s research interests and goals with the strengths and focus of the PhD program and faculty.

These traits not only indicate your readiness for a PhD program but also your potential to contribute meaningfully to their field of study and succeed in a research-oriented career.

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Are you ready to conquer the pivotal challenge of PhD interviews? Your path to securing a coveted spot in a doctoral program hinges on your ability to navigate the often intricate world of PhD interview questions. In this guide, we'll delve deep into the types of questions you may encounter, equip you with effective strategies to tackle them, and provide insights to help you shine in your academic pursuits. Let's dive right in and decode the art of answering PhD interview questions with confidence and poise.

What is a PhD Interview?

A PhD interview is a critical step in the admissions process for doctoral programs. It serves as an opportunity for the admissions committee to get to know you better, assess your qualifications, and determine your suitability for the program. In a PhD interview, you'll typically engage in a conversation with faculty members or admissions representatives to discuss your academic background, research interests, motivations, and potential contributions to the program.

Importance of PhD Interviews

PhD interviews hold immense significance in the admissions process. Here's why they matter:

Assessment of Fit : Interviews help institutions assess whether you are a good fit for their program and research community. They want to ensure that your academic and research goals align with their offerings and objectives.
Personality and Interpersonal Skills : Interviews provide insight into your personality, communication skills, and how well you might collaborate with faculty and peers. Your interpersonal skills can be as important as your academic qualifications.
Clarification and Engagement : Interviews allow you to clarify any aspects of your application and engage in meaningful conversations about your research interests. This interaction can set you apart from other candidates.
Demonstration of Enthusiasm : By participating in an interview, you have the chance to demonstrate your genuine enthusiasm and passion for your field of study and the program itself.
Lasting Impression : A successful interview can leave a lasting positive impression on the admissions committee, potentially tipping the scales in your favor during the final decision-making process.

How to Prepare for PhD Interviews?

Effective preparation is key to a successful PhD interview. Here's what you need to consider:

Research the Program : Dive deep into the program's website, course offerings, and faculty profiles. Understand their research areas, recent publications, and ongoing projects. Be ready to discuss how your interests align with theirs.
Create a Strong CV and Personal Statement : Craft a compelling CV and personal statement that highlight your academic achievements, research experience, and motivations. Tailor these documents to reflect your passion for the field and your alignment with the program.
Practice Interview Responses : Practice answering common interview questions, both alone and with a friend or mentor. Focus on clarity, conciseness, and relevance in your responses.
Gather Questions to Ask the Interviewers : Prepare thoughtful questions to ask the interviewers. This shows your genuine interest and engagement. Examples include inquiring about ongoing research projects and the support structure for graduate students.
Dress and Present Professionally : Choose a professional and comfortable outfit for your interview. Dressing appropriately shows respect for the process, while confidence in your appearance can boost your self-assurance during the interview.

Remember that preparation is the foundation of success in PhD interviews. By understanding their significance and thoroughly preparing, you can approach your interviews with confidence and increase your chances of securing a spot in your desired program.

Types of PhD Interviews

PhD interviews come in various formats, each designed to assess different aspects of your candidacy and suitability for a doctoral program. Understanding these interview types will help you tailor your preparation effectively.

Structured Interviews

Structured interviews are highly organized and follow a predefined set of questions. They aim to objectively evaluate your qualifications and fit for the program. Here's what to expect:

Question Consistency : In structured interviews, all candidates face the same questions, ensuring fairness and comparability.
Focused Assessment : Interviewers assess your responses against specific criteria, such as academic background and research experience.
Formal Setting : These interviews often occur in a formal setting and may involve a panel of interviewers.

Unstructured Interviews

Unstructured interviews take a more conversational approach, allowing interviewers to explore your personality, motivations, and compatibility with their research group. Here's what makes them unique:

Open-Ended Questions : Interviewers ask open-ended questions, giving you the freedom to express yourself more spontaneously.
Personality Assessment : This format delves into your personal qualities, interpersonal skills, and enthusiasm for the field.
Informal Atmosphere : Unstructured interviews often create a more relaxed, informal atmosphere.

Panel Interviews

Panel interviews involve multiple interviewers assessing you simultaneously. While they can be intimidating, they offer diverse perspectives and insights into your candidacy:

Varied Perspectives : Different panel members may come from various academic backgrounds, providing a holistic assessment.
Multifaceted Questions : Be prepared for a range of questions, including those related to your research, motivations, and potential contributions.
Time Management : Managing your responses and interactions with multiple interviewers can be challenging but crucial.

Video Interviews

In the digital age, video interviews have become increasingly common, especially for international candidates. Excelling in a video interview requires additional considerations:

Technical Setup : Ensure your camera, microphone, and internet connection are reliable to avoid technical disruptions.
Virtual Presence : Convey your enthusiasm and professionalism through the screen by maintaining eye contact and using appropriate body language.
Background and Attire : Choose a clean, professional background and dress as you would for an in-person interview. Avoid distractions.

Understanding these interview types will help you tailor your preparation and approach to each specific format, increasing your chances of success in the PhD admissions process.

Research Experience and Background Interview Questions

1. tell me about your research experience and background in your field..

How to Answer: Start with a brief overview of your academic and research journey, highlighting key milestones, projects, and publications. Emphasize your expertise, the relevance of your work to the PhD program, and any unique contributions you've made.

Sample Answer: "I hold a Master's degree in [Your Field] and have been actively involved in research for the past five years. My work has primarily focused on [Specific Research Area], where I've conducted experiments on [Research Topic]. I've published several papers in reputable journals and presented my findings at international conferences."

What to Look For: Look for candidates who can effectively communicate their research experience, showcasing their passion for the field and the impact of their work. Assess the alignment between their research background and the program's objectives.

2. Can you discuss a specific research project you've worked on in detail?

How to Answer: Choose a significant research project and provide a structured overview, discussing the objectives, methodologies, key findings, and your role in the project. Be concise and clear in explaining the project's relevance.

Sample Answer: "Certainly, one of my most impactful research projects was centered around [Project Title]. The primary aim was to [Project Objective]. I employed [Research Methodology] and collaborated closely with [Team Members]. Our findings, which indicated [Key Finding], have the potential to [Potential Impact]."

What to Look For: Evaluate the candidate's ability to articulate complex research projects coherently, emphasizing their contribution, teamwork, and understanding of the research's implications.

Motivation and Goals Interview Questions

3. why do you want to pursue a phd in [your field].

How to Answer: Share your genuine passion for your field, explaining how a PhD aligns with your long-term goals and emphasizing your commitment to contributing to knowledge.

Sample Answer: "I am deeply passionate about [Your Field] because of its potential to address pressing global issues, such as [Relevant Issue]. Pursuing a PhD is the next logical step for me to delve deeper into these challenges, conduct innovative research, and ultimately make a meaningful impact."

What to Look For: Seek candidates who demonstrate a clear and authentic passion for their field and a well-thought-out rationale for pursuing a PhD.

4. What are your specific research interests and potential research topics for your PhD?

How to Answer: Discuss your research interests, explaining how they align with the department's expertise. Mention potential research topics and why they are relevant.

Sample Answer: "My research interests revolve around [Specific Research Area], and I'm particularly intrigued by [Specific Aspect]. I see potential for investigating [Potential Research Topic] because it addresses [Research Gap], and it complements the ongoing work at your department, especially with [Professor's Name]'s research in [Related Area]."

What to Look For: Look for candidates with well-defined research interests that align with the program and an understanding of how their interests fit within the department's expertise.

Academic Preparedness Interview Questions

5. how have your academic achievements prepared you for a phd program.

How to Answer: Highlight your academic achievements, emphasizing relevant coursework, grades, honors, or awards. Discuss how these accomplishments have equipped you for the challenges of a PhD.

Sample Answer: "During my undergraduate and master's studies, I consistently excelled in courses related to [Relevant Subjects], earning top grades. I was also honored with [Academic Award] for my outstanding performance in [Specific Course], which I believe demonstrates my ability to excel in rigorous academic environments."

What to Look For: Evaluate candidates ' academic records, looking for a history of strong performance and evidence of their ability to excel in the PhD program.

6. How do you plan to manage the demands of a PhD program, including coursework, research, and potential teaching responsibilities?

How to Answer: Outline your organizational and time-management skills, discussing strategies for balancing coursework, research, and other responsibilities. Mention any prior experience in multitasking or teaching.

Sample Answer: "I recognize that a PhD program can be demanding, but I've honed my time-management skills through [Relevant Experience]. I plan to create a detailed schedule that allocates dedicated time for coursework, research, and any potential teaching duties, ensuring that I maintain a healthy work-life balance."

What to Look For: Seek candidates who demonstrate a proactive approach to managing the academic demands of a PhD, emphasizing their organizational skills and adaptability.

Research Proposal Interview Questions

7. have you developed a research proposal for your phd if so, can you provide a brief overview.

How to Answer: Summarize your research proposal briefly, outlining the research question, objectives, methodology, and potential significance. Be concise and showcase your innovative thinking.

Sample Answer: "Yes, I've developed a preliminary research proposal focusing on [Research Question]. The main objectives are to [Research Objectives]. I plan to employ [Research Methodology] to investigate this, and if successful, this research could contribute by [Potential Impact]."

What to Look For: Evaluate the candidate's ability to conceptualize a research project, the clarity of their proposal, and the alignment with the program's research priorities.

8. How does your research proposal align with the department's research priorities and potential advisors?

How to Answer: Explain the alignment between your research proposal and the department's strengths and potential advisors. Mention specific faculty members you are interested in working with.

Sample Answer: "My research proposal aligns closely with the department's focus on [Department's Research Focus]. I am particularly interested in collaborating with [Professor's Name], as their work in [Professor's Research Area] directly relates to my research proposal, and I believe their expertise would be invaluable."

What to Look For: Look for candidates who have thoroughly researched the department's strengths and potential advisors and can clearly articulate the alignment between their proposal and the program's resources.

Problem-Solving and Critical Thinking Interview Questions

9. can you describe a complex problem you've encountered in your research or academic work and how you approached solving it.

How to Answer: Share a specific example of a challenging problem, outlining the steps you took to address it. Emphasize your problem-solving skills and critical thinking.

Sample Answer: "In one of my research projects, we encountered a complex issue with [Problem Description]. To tackle this, I initiated a collaborative discussion with my team, conducted thorough literature reviews, and explored alternative approaches. Eventually, we devised a novel solution that not only resolved the problem but also contributed to the field."

What to Look For: Assess the candidate's ability to navigate complex challenges, their problem-solving strategies, and their commitment to finding innovative solutions.

10. How do you approach interdisciplinary collaboration and integrating different perspectives into your research?

How to Answer: Explain your approach to interdisciplinary collaboration, highlighting instances where you've successfully integrated diverse perspectives into your work. Emphasize the benefits of such collaboration.

Sample Answer: "I believe that interdisciplinary collaboration is essential for addressing complex issues. In my previous research on [Project Name], I collaborated with experts from [Related Discipline]. We integrated their insights, which enriched our project by [Outcome]. This experience has reinforced my commitment to embracing diverse perspectives."

What to Look For: Look for candidates who value interdisciplinary collaboration, demonstrate an ability to work effectively with experts from other fields, and can articulate the benefits of such collaborations.

Communication Skills Interview Questions

11. how do you communicate your research findings to both academic and non-academic audiences.

How to Answer: Discuss your communication skills, emphasizing your ability to convey complex ideas in a clear and accessible manner. Mention any presentations, publications, or outreach activities.

Sample Answer: "I believe in effective science communication. I've presented my research findings at conferences, where I tailored my presentations to engage both experts in my field and non-specialist audiences. Additionally, I've authored articles for [Publication], aiming to make my research accessible to a wider readership."

What to Look For: Evaluate candidates' communication skills, assessing their ability to adapt their message to different audiences and their commitment to disseminating their research beyond academia.

12. How would you handle a situation where your research findings faced skepticism or resistance from peers or advisors?

How to Answer: Describe a hypothetical scenario where your research findings were met with skepticism, and outline your approach to addressing this challenge diplomatically and professionally.

Sample Answer: "If my research findings were met with skepticism, I would first seek to understand the concerns of my peers or advisors. I'd be open to constructive feedback and engage in respectful discussions to address their doubts. If necessary, I'd reevaluate my methodology or findings and provide additional evidence to support my conclusions."

What to Look For: Look for candidates who demonstrate resilience, the ability to handle criticism professionally, and a commitment to constructive dialogue when faced with skepticism.

Professional Development Interview Questions

13. how do you stay updated with the latest developments and trends in your field.

How to Answer: Share your strategies for staying informed about the latest developments in your field, such as attending conferences, reading journals, or participating in online forums.

Sample Answer: "I stay updated by regularly attending conferences like [Conference Name], subscribing to relevant journals, and actively participating in online communities and forums where experts discuss emerging trends. This continuous learning helps me remain at the forefront of advancements in my field."

What to Look For: Assess candidates ' commitment to professional development and their proactive approach to staying informed about the latest research and trends.

14. Can you discuss any leadership or mentoring experiences you've had in your academic or professional journey?

How to Answer: Highlight any leadership or mentoring roles you've undertaken, emphasizing your ability to lead and mentor others effectively.

Sample Answer: "I've had the privilege of serving as a mentor for junior researchers in my lab, guiding them through research processes and offering academic support. Additionally, I was elected as the president of [Student Organization], where I led a team of [Number] members in organizing [Event/Project], which greatly enhanced my leadership skills."

What to Look For: Seek candidates who have demonstrated leadership and mentoring abilities, showcasing their capacity to contribute positively to the academic community.

Conclusion and Fit with the Program Interview Questions

15. why do you believe you are an ideal fit for our phd program in [your field].

How to Answer: Summarize the key reasons why you believe you are a strong fit for the program, emphasizing your alignment with the department's goals, resources, and values.

Sample Answer: "I am enthusiastic about your PhD program because it aligns perfectly with my research interests in [Your Field]. The department's renowned faculty, well-equipped laboratories, and collaborative environment make it an ideal place for me to pursue my research goals. Furthermore, I appreciate the department's commitment to fostering interdisciplinary collaborations, which mirrors my approach to research."

What to Look For: Evaluate candidates' understanding of the program's strengths and their ability to articulate why they are an excellent fit based on their research interests and values.

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How to Prepare for a PhD Interview?

Preparing for PhD interviews is a critical step in ensuring your success in the admissions process. We will dive into the key aspects of thorough preparation that will help you leave a lasting impression on the interview panel.

Researching the Program and Faculty

Before you step into the interview room, it's essential to have a deep understanding of the program you're applying to and the faculty members who might become your mentors. Here's how to do it effectively:

Program Insights : Explore the program's website, course offerings, and any recent publications or research projects. Understand the program's strengths and what sets it apart from others.
Faculty Profiles : Dive into the profiles of faculty members in your area of interest. Familiarize yourself with their research, publications, and current projects. Identify potential advisors who align with your research goals.
Department Culture : Seek insights into the department's culture and values. This can help you tailor your responses to demonstrate your alignment with their objectives.

Creating a Strong CV and Personal Statement

Your CV and personal statement are your opportunities to showcase your academic achievements, research experience, and motivations. Crafting these documents effectively is crucial:

CV Highlights : Ensure your CV highlights relevant academic accomplishments, research contributions, and any publications or presentations. Use a clear, concise format.
Personal Statement Impact : Your personal statement should be a compelling narrative of your academic journey, research interests, and why you're passionate about pursuing a PhD. Tailor it to the program you're applying to.
Demonstrate Fit : Emphasize how your academic background and research experience align with the program's goals and faculty expertise. Show how you can contribute to the department's research endeavors.

Practicing Interview Responses

Practice makes perfect, and practicing interview responses is no exception. Here's how to hone your interview skills:

Mock Interviews : Conduct mock interviews with friends, mentors, or career advisors. Practice answering common questions while receiving constructive feedback.
Video Recordings : Record yourself answering interview questions. Review the recordings to assess your body language, clarity, and confidence.
Storyboard Responses : Create storyboards for potential questions. Outline your responses with key points and examples to ensure you address the interviewers' expectations.

Gathering Questions to Ask the Interviewers

Preparing thoughtful questions to ask the interviewers not only demonstrates your interest but also helps you gain valuable insights:

Research-Based Questions : Ask questions related to ongoing research projects, faculty collaborations, and opportunities for graduate students. For example, inquire about recent publications or upcoming research initiatives.
Program Support : Seek information on the support structure for graduate students, including funding, resources, and mentorship opportunities.
Departmental Vision : Ask about the department's vision for the future and how they envision contributing to your academic and research growth.

Dressing and Presenting Professionally

Your appearance and demeanor play a crucial role in creating a positive first impression. Here are some tips for presenting yourself professionally:

Appropriate Attire : Choose professional attire that is appropriate for the interview setting. Dressing well shows respect for the process and your interviewers.
Grooming : Pay attention to grooming and personal hygiene. Ensure you feel comfortable and confident in your chosen attire.
Body Language : Practice good body language, such as maintaining eye contact, offering a firm handshake, and sitting up straight. These non-verbal cues convey professionalism and confidence.

Thoroughly preparing for your PhD interviews is your opportunity to shine and showcase your commitment to academic excellence and research. Each aspect of preparation contributes to a successful interview experience, increasing your chances of securing a spot in your desired program.

During the PhD Interview

The moment you step into the interview room is when your preparation meets the real test. This section will guide you through the crucial aspects of handling yourself during the interview, leaving a lasting impression on the interview panel.

Arriving Early and Being Punctual

Punctuality is a mark of professionalism and respect. Arriving early not only demonstrates your commitment but also helps you settle in and overcome any last-minute nerves. Here's how to ensure you're punctual:

Plan Your Journey : Calculate the travel time and consider potential traffic or delays. Aim to arrive at least 15 minutes before your scheduled interview time.
Venue Familiarity : If the interview is in person, visit the interview venue beforehand, if possible, to familiarize yourself with the location. This can help reduce anxiety on the interview day.
Backup Plans : Have a backup plan in case of unexpected circumstances, such as traffic jams or technical issues for virtual interviews.

Building Rapport with Interviewers

Building a positive rapport with the interviewers can go a long way in making a favorable impression. Here are some strategies to establish a connection:

Engage Actively : Be an active listener during the interview. Respond thoughtfully to the interviewers' questions and show genuine interest in their responses.
Respectful Interaction : Address the interviewers by their titles or preferred names, and maintain a respectful tone throughout the conversation.
Ask Clarifying Questions : If you're unsure about a question or need clarification, don't hesitate to ask. This demonstrates your commitment to understanding and providing thoughtful responses.

Communicating Clearly and Confidently

Effective communication is essential during your PhD interview. Clear and confident communication helps convey your ideas and qualifications effectively:

Clarity is Key : Ensure your responses are clear and concise. Avoid jargon or overly technical language that might be unfamiliar to some interviewers.
Confidence and Poise : Maintain a confident tone while speaking, even when discussing complex topics. Confidence can inspire trust in your abilities.
Practice Active Listening : Show that you're engaged by nodding or providing verbal cues to indicate you're actively listening to the interviewers.

Addressing Tough Questions with Poise

Challenging questions are a part of most PhD interviews. How you handle them can make a significant difference. Here's how to address tough questions with poise:

Take a Breath : If faced with a difficult question, take a moment to collect your thoughts. Don't rush into an answer. Composure is more important than speed.
Structured Responses : Structure your responses logically, addressing the question's core and providing relevant examples or evidence to support your answer.
Be Honest : If you don't know the answer to a question, it's okay to admit it. Offer to explore the topic further or express your eagerness to learn.

Demonstrating Enthusiasm and Passion

Your enthusiasm for your field of study and the PhD program should shine through during the interview. Here's how to convey your passion effectively:

Speak About Your Research : When discussing your research interests, convey your excitement and the potential impact of your work on the field.
Share Relevant Experiences : Highlight experiences that have fueled your passion for the subject matter. Discuss the projects or coursework that have influenced your journey.
Show Gratitude : Express your gratitude for the opportunity to interview and your eagerness to contribute to the academic community.

The interview is your moment to not only showcase your qualifications but also your personality, professionalism, and enthusiasm. By mastering these aspects during the interview, you'll leave a memorable impression on the interview panel.

Post-PhD Interview Etiquette

Once the interview is over, your job isn't done yet. Proper post-interview etiquette is crucial in maintaining a positive impression and handling potential next steps. We'll delve into the essential aspects of post-interview conduct.

Sending Thank-You Notes or Emails

Sending a thank-you note or email after your PhD interview is a courteous gesture that can leave a lasting impression. Here's how to do it effectively:

Promptness : Send your thank-you note within 24-48 hours of the interview to express your appreciation while your interview is still fresh in the interviewers' minds.
Personalization : Customize each thank-you message for each interviewer, referencing specific points of discussion or insights gained during the interview.
Express Gratitude : Express your gratitude for the opportunity to interview and your enthusiasm for joining the program.

Reflecting on the Interview Experience

After the interview, take some time to reflect on the experience. Self-assessment can be a valuable tool for personal growth and future interviews:

Strengths and Weaknesses : Identify your strengths during the interview and areas where you can improve. Reflect on the questions that challenged you.
Learning Opportunities : Consider what you've learned from the interview process. How can you apply this knowledge to future interviews or your academic journey?
Feedback : If you receive feedback from the interview panel, use it constructively to enhance your interview skills for future opportunities.

Preparing for Possible Follow-Up Interviews

In some cases, you may be invited for a follow-up interview, especially if you're a strong candidate. Be prepared for the possibility of additional interviews:

Research Continuation : Be ready to discuss your research interests in more depth. Prepare to elaborate on your proposed projects or potential contributions to the program.
Personalized Questions : Expect more specific questions related to your application or areas of interest. Demonstrate your commitment and passion for the program.

Handling Rejections and Acceptances

The outcomes of your PhD applications can be emotionally charged, especially when it comes to rejections and acceptances.

Coping with Rejection

Receiving a rejection can be disheartening, but it's important to remember that it's not a reflection of your worth or potential. Here's how to cope:

Seek Feedback : If possible, request feedback from the admissions committee. Understanding the reasons for rejection can help you improve your future applications.
Stay Resilient : Maintain a positive outlook and resilience. Rejections are a natural part of the application process and can lead to growth and self-improvement.
Explore Alternatives : Consider alternative options, such as reapplying in the future or exploring similar programs that align with your goals.

Evaluating PhD Offers and Making Decisions

If you're fortunate enough to receive multiple offers, you'll face the pleasant yet challenging task of evaluating and choosing the right program for you. Here's how to navigate this decision-making process:

Comparative Analysis : Create a spreadsheet or chart to compare the pros and cons of each program, considering factors like funding, research opportunities, faculty expertise, location, and support services.
Visit the Campuses : If possible, visit the campuses or engage in virtual tours to get a feel for the environment and culture.
Consult Mentors and Advisors : Seek guidance from mentors, advisors, or professors who can provide insights and advice based on your academic and career goals.
Trust Your Instincts : Ultimately, trust your instincts and choose the program that aligns best with your aspirations and offers the support and resources you need.

Handling the aftermath of PhD interviews, including sending thank-you notes, reflecting on your experiences, and managing outcomes, is an integral part of the journey. By following these guidelines, you can leave a positive impression and make informed decisions regarding your academic future.

Facing PhD interview questions may seem daunting, but with careful preparation and a confident approach, you can shine during this critical stage of your academic journey. Remember to showcase your qualifications, passion for research, and enthusiasm for the program. Your ability to communicate effectively and handle questions with poise will set you on the path to success.

As you reflect on your interview experience and await the outcomes, maintain a positive attitude and be ready to adapt and learn from each opportunity. Whether you receive an acceptance or a rejection, remember that every step in this process is a valuable learning experience that can help shape your future endeavors. Stay resilient, stay motivated, and keep pursuing your passion for knowledge. Your PhD journey is just beginning.

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What happens at a PhD interview?

The format for a PhD interview can vary, depending on your subject area and the circumstances of your application.

You might be in front of a recruitment panel. Or you might just meet your supervisor in the campus coffee shop and chat about your research interests.

This makes it quite difficult to describe a ‘standard PhD interview’.

There’s a bit of a difference between going over the finer points of your MSc thesis before a panel and discussing your favourite historians in a canteen.

But two things unite both formats. Each hinges on a discussion of your academic interests, achievements and goals. And that discussion is important, however it takes place.

Even the most ‘informal’ interview aims to establish this.

Depending on the format for your PhD interview it could involve:

A formal question and answer session in front of a postgraduate recruitment panel.
A presentation , based on your research proposal or area of expertise.
A one-to-one discussion with your prospective supervisor.
An informal lunch with your prospective supervisor, other members of your interview panel and / or current PhD students.
Various ‘orientation’ activities . These might include visits to research spaces and opportunities to chat with staff and students.

PhD interview presentation

Depending on the format of your interview, you may be asked to prepare a presentation on the advertised PhD project or your research proposal.

When you’re invited to an interview, your prospective department will let you know what their expectations are for the presentation. They’ll usually specify:

How long the presentation should be – usually this won’t be any more than 15 minutes
What they want your presentation to cover – for example, your academic background, your research methods, the ‘impact’ of your research
How the presentation should be delivered – this will usually be PowerPoint but you might need to provide supplementary materials for your audience or deliver the presentation remotely over a video call

You’ll normally be speaking before a small committee of staff members, who will ask you questions about your research after the presentation.

PhD interview length

As you can imagine, the length of a PhD interview varies according to its format.

Some interviews involve several components activities, over an entire day. You could greet your panel in the morning, have lunch, visit your department and then sit down for a formal interview.

Or you might just meet your supervisor for coffee and discuss your ideas with them for an hour or so.

You can read more about what to expect in different circumstances and subject areas below.

Interviews for advertised PhD positions

Most PhDs in Science , Medicine and Engineering are specific pre-designed projects , with pre-defined aims and objectives.

They normally take place in a group that’s pursuing broader research objectives, to which your PhD will make a small (but important) contribution.

Such projects may have funding secured in advance (as part of the budget for their laboratory or workshop). Or they may have funding available in principle, confirmed if the project meets certain conditions. (These could include attracting a suitable PhD student!).

Interview goals

An interview for one of these projects needs to ensure that the applicant can complete a specific project. And that they deserve the funding available for it.

Imagine a PhD that involves analysing a specific kind of protein folding. Just being a talented life scientist may not be enough to complete this project. You’d also need to have some knowledge of the proteins in question, as well as the kinds of equipment and techniques required to analyse them.

Or, what about a digital humanities project involving the latent semantic indexing of a periodicals database? A general Masters in literature may not be enough here. You’ll also need to be able to use this kind of database. (And ideally know what latent semantic indexing is).

This isn’t to say that you have to be an expert in your research topic before you begin it. That would defeat the function of the PhD as an academic training exercise.

But you will need to be the kind of student who can develop the necessary skills and expertise in the time available. Your interview is when the university will do its best to make sure of this.

Interview format

An interview for a funded PhD project will be a formal process. The main component will be a question and answer session in front of a designated postgraduate recruitment panel.

This panel will usually involve three or more people. They could include:

Your project supervisor (or supervisors). They will assess your academic and personal suitability for the role.
A member of the university or department’s postgraduate admissions staff . They will normally chair the panel and ensure the interview is properly conducted. This person could also represent any structured PhD programme your project might form part of.
The lead investigator for your prospective research group. This is the academic with overall responsibility for the research your PhD will be part of. Normally they will be your supervisor, but this may not be the case for larger laboratories or departments. If so, they might attend your interview.
A funding representative . If an external body funds your PhD they may have a presence at your interview. This won’t normally be the case for Research Council studentships (which are managed by universities) but it could occur for other organisations.

The bulk of your interview will involve the panel asking you questions and listening to your answers. These will focus on your academic background, research interests and goals. You may also be invited to expand upon parts of your PhD application.

Some interviews may ask you to give a more specific presentation as well as answering questions. This won’t normally be long or complicated. You may be asked to talk through your research proposal in more detail, or provide a summary of a previous research project (such as a Masters dissertation).

Once your panel has finished asking its questions, you will be invited to ask questions of your own . This is an opportunity to show your enthusiasm for the subject whilst also finding out more about it.

Interviews for self-proposed PhD projects

In some subjects, such as the Arts, Humanities and some Social Sciences, pre-defined (and pre-funded) PhD projects are less common.

This isn’t always the case, of course. Arts and Humanities research can involve huge ongoing projects, focussing on the collaborative analysis of vast archives. Many branches of the Social Sciences also undertake long-term data gathering and analysis.

Yet, the majority of PhDs in these areas tend to be original projects, proposed by the student seeking to undertake them.

If this is the case for your project, you will normally apply to a university’s PhD programme , rather than a specific PhD ‘position’.

If accepted, you will have the freedom to do your own independent research. But you’ll benefit from the resources, training and support available within your programme.

Because these projects and their funding aren’t pre-defined, their interviews can be more flexible.

It won’t be necessary to confirm that you have the specific skills needed for a specific project. Or that you are the student most deserving of a designated studentship.

But this doesn’t mean that the interview for a self-proposed PhD is easier than one for an advertised position. If anything, greater scrutiny may be paid to your project proposal and to your suitability for independent research.

The university itself hasn’t identified this research topic. It needs to ensure that the project is viable, that you understand what’s involved in completing it and that you care enough about it to do so.

Interviews for self-proposed PhD projects may be more informal, but this isn’t always the case.

You could still find yourself discussing your application in front of a panel. If so your experience will be like to that outlined for advertised projects, above.

Or, you may simply be invited to chat with your prospective supervisor. This could take place in their office or in an informal setting on campus.

Don’t underestimate the importance of such a meeting. A relaxed interview can seem less serious. Yet the discussion it enables will still play a crucial role in assessing your potential for PhD study.

Your supervisor may not need to assess your suitability for a specific project, but they still need to be sure that you have the knowledge and skills to carry out research in their field.

Equally, there may not be funding available, but your prospective supervisor is still considering investing three years (or more) of their time and effort guiding your project and assisting your development.

Whether you chat with a supervisor or sit before a panel, you can expect to spend some time discussing your research proposal . This may involve formal questions and answers, or it might simply involve ‘talking through’ what you’ve written. Make sure you’re familiar with the contents of that proposal – and ready to expand upon any areas where more detail might be requested.

Other questions may focus on your previous work, on your career goals and your reasons for undertaking a PhD.

Informal interviews are unlikely to include a presentation . However, you may still be invited to talk freely about your academic interests or offer an overview of previous research work.

If there is an opportunity to allocate funding to your project (through a Research Council studentship, or similar) this may be discussed at your interview. In most cases funding is merit-based, so make sure you are prepared to talk up the specific value of your project.

Research proposals

Our guide to writing a research proposal has more detail on how you can make a success of this important part of a PhD application.

Preparing for a PhD interview

Whatever form your PhD interview takes, you should prepare for it carefully. Even a more informal discussion will touch on aspects of your previous work and explore your current research proposal.

Reviewing these materials in advance will allow you to discuss them with confidence.

The following are some good tips on how to prepare for a PhD interview:

Review your research proposal – If you submitted a research proposal as part of your PhD application, make sure you re-familiarise yourself with it. It’s highly likely that you’ll be invited to discuss this document at your interview. Be prepared to talk in more detail about your plans and ideas. You should also be able to back up any claims you have made.
Re-read previous academic work – There’s a good chance your interview will touch on your Bachelors and / or Masters experience. If you are applying for a specified project, this allows the panel to check the relevance of your previous studies. If you are proposing your own project a discussion of your academic background can help reveal the development of your interests and your enthusiasm for the PhD. You won’t be ‘examined’ on any of this prior work, but it can be helpful to refresh yourself.
Read some of your supervisors’ current research – Whatever form your PhD will take, it makes sense to be familiar with what your supervisor is currently working on. This will show that you take the prospect of working with them seriously. Needless to say, it also proves that you understand the nature of the work they do! If you don’t know who your supervisor will be, take a look at some of the research currently being done within your prospective laboratory or department.
Look at other current research in your field – By the same token, it makes sense to have some idea of the current state of academic scholarship in your area. Remember: a PhD needs to be an original piece of research. Make sure you know what’s going to be unique and original about yours. This step is especially important if you’ve taken a break from academia and aren’t up to date on current work in your area.
Check the details of your project or programme – This may seem obvious, but it can be easy to overlook. If you’re applying for an advertised position, make sure you know it inside out. Know what its objectives are. Know who else (other than your supervisor) is involved in the research. Know about any external funders. The same applies to the PhD programme that will ‘host’ a self-proposed PhD. Find out what other research is currently being carried out there. Look up past and present students. Check what training and development is available.
Practice any presentation material – If you’ve been asked to prepare a presentation for your PhD interview, make sure you practice it. This is particularly helpful if you aren’t familiar with public speaking. The interview panel will be supportive and encouraging, but you want to look as confident and capable as possible.

What to wear

Regardless of your interview format, you should pay some attention to your appearance.

Academic workplaces are fairly relaxed on a day-to-day basis, but your PhD interview isn’t too dissimilar from a job application. Show that you’re serious about the opportunity and dress accordingly.

A chat in your supervisor’s office can probably be treated more casually than a formal panel interview, but there’s no harm in erring on the safe side.

What to bring

You won’t necessarily need to bring anything specific to a PhD interview, unless you’ve been asked to.

You may wish to bring copies of previous academic work. It may be appropriate to mark-up key passages for reference during the interview. Or you could simply have the material available to re-read whilst you wait.

If you submitted a research proposal, you should have a copy handy. Your interviewer/s will probably refer to it.

You’ll also need to bring any presentation materials you’ve been asked to prepare. Make sure you have these in a suitable format. The last thing you need at a PhD interview is malfunctioning presentation software.

Finally, a pen and paper won’t go amiss (handy if you want to make notes as a question is asked).

Getting the most out of your PhD interview

This may seem like a slightly odd topic. Sure there’s only one thing you want to get out of a PhD interview: a place on a PhD?

Well, yes and no.

You’ll want to make sure you come across as well as possible during your interview and give a fair impression of your academic potential. Hopefully the advice on this page will help with that.

But the PhD interview isn’t just an opportunity for your university to learn about you. It’s also a unique chance for you to learn about your university.

After all, you’re considering committing a significant amount of time and energy to a PhD with them. And this may be one of the few occasions when you visit the campus and meet staff and students before actually starting your project.

With that in mind, here are a few ways to take advantage of the opportunities a PhD interview offers:

Visit your prospective laboratory or department – You’re going to be spending a lot of time in your university’s academic workspaces, using its facilities. Take the opportunity to look at these whilst you’re on campus. You may find that a brief tour is part of your interview format. If it isn’t, ask if you can have a quick look around – if nothing else, this demonstrates your interest.
Chat to current PhD students – If you do visit your prospective department, take the opportunity to speak to any current PhD students you meet. They’ll be happy to answer questions about what it’s actually like to study at this university (or with this supervisor…).
Explore the campus – This may seem a little trivial, but arriving early and having the time to explore your university can be a nice way to relax before your interview. It could also give you something to chat about later.
Ask good questions – Whatever format your interview takes, you’ll have a chance to ask questions as well as answer them. This is important, because it allows you to show your motivation and engagement with the project or programme. But it’s also a way for you to find out useful things about the university, your supervisor and expectations of you as a student. Make sure you know the right questions to ask .

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Example PhD interview questions and answers

How to succeed in your PhD interview with answers to frequently asked questions

The interview is a crucial and inevitable part of the PhD application process. It is an opportunity for the supervisor(s) and funding bodies (if it is a funded PhD) to determine whether you are the right candidate for the challenge that is undertaking a PhD. Although this can be a daunting process, with preparation you can go into your interview feeling confident and put your best self forward.

Interviews for PhD positions will likely involve a short presentation on the proposed research project and/or your previous research experience. You can adapt the focus of this depending on how much prior experience you have to showcase. If you have an extensive research portfolio from your BSc/MSc project or time spent in industry, do not shy away from it, especially where there is direct relevance to the project you are applying for.

Following the presentation, you will be asked questions and will also have the opportunity to ask questions of your own (we recommend having a few prepared!).

We have collated some of the questions that are frequently asked in a PhD interview, along with tips on how to answer them. But please remember, the interview process varies widely and this blog aims to provide a suggestive framework on how to answer.

“Tell us about yourself”

This is a typical opening interview question and is often used as an icebreaker. You can practice your answer to help you get off to a good start when you will be most nervous. While it might be tempting to go straight into the details of the project and your career thus far, you can ease into the interview – there will be plenty of opportunity to discuss the project later. Instead, you can focus on your academic career so far, your scientific interests (e.g., a strong interest in biochemistry), and relate them to your desire to undertake a PhD.

“Why do you want to do a PhD?”

This is an important question that you also need to ask yourself, and be convinced of the answer! A PhD is a big undertaking and having the right reasons will carry you through the potentially tough times. Example points to include here:

A professor during your undergraduate degree that inspired you
A desire to help improve the outcome of patients with a specific disease (relevant to the proposed project)
A love for science that you want to put into practice and contribute to the collective knowledge in that area
You are an inquisitive problem-solver and want to combine this with your interest in [topic].

Stay true to yourself with the reasons that motivate you to do a PhD – there is no right answer and if you have come this far you likely have the right motivations.

“Why do you want to work on this project/Why do you think this project is important”?

This is your opportunity to go into the details of the research proposal and its relevance in the wider context of the research field. This is particularly important if the project will be competing for limited funding. You want to demonstrate to the panel that this project is a worthwhile investment and has clear, impactful outcomes. You can also discuss specific techniques that will be used in your PhD, and how these are cutting-edge and are perhaps more likely to lead to a publication. If the project has potential for collaboration, highlight this and the intended outcomes.

“Why do you want to work in this research group/for this PI?”

Make sure you have thoroughly researched your supervisor’s group, and their previous publications and collaborations. Perhaps highlight a recent high-profile publication or a new technique they have recently developed. This will show your commitment and enthusiasm to join the group, as well as reflect what the group and university are proud of. A supervisor needs to know that your research goals align and that you will mesh well with the rest of the team.

“What can you bring to this group?”

This is your opportunity to showcase both your technical and soft skills. Here you can mention the research experience you already have and how these skills and ideas will enhance the lab. If you do not have much research experience, talk about how you are a fast learner (with examples) and have a keen sense of science and willingness to learn. As mentioned in the previous answer, your future supervisor will want to ensure you are a valuable addition to their team. If you are not specialized in a technique, don’t worry – you are here to learn and most people starting a PhD have limited lab experience.

“Why do you want to be at this university/on this funding program?”

A PhD is a significant time and financial commitment; the funders or members of the university need to know candidates are committed to them as well as the research. Spaces are limited and there needs to be differentiation between candidates. A tip here is to flatter your interviewers by mentioning what they are proud of about their institutions (easy to find online). Example points to mention:

A world-leading institution with an excellent publication and funding record
Research collaborations that interest you or could benefit you (e.g., close ties with clinical trials or pharmaceuticals companies)
Specific facilities or equipment the university has to offer (e.g., a super-resolution microscope)
The ethos of the university is one you closely align with
Funding programs that come with additional training and funding opportunities for internships and collaborations. Specific benefits outside of the research are the ones you will want to highlight to the funders, to show your commitment not only to the PhD but also to their investment in you.

“What makes you the right candidate for this PhD project?”

This can be a tough question to answer if you have had limited prior experience, but do not be afraid of positively selling yourself. Focus on your determination and desire to contribute to research, your drive for this project, your technical skills, your belief in the impact of the project, and how well suited you are to your supervisor/supervisor’s team.

“What would you like the impact of this project to be?”

Impact in research is mostly measured by publications or obtaining data to apply for further grants. Your ability to discuss this shows your awareness of the research world beyond the microsphere of your PhD. Research is meant to be disseminated via publications and conferences. The immediate impact of your project will not be clear-cut at the start, but you can openly discuss it, which shows a maturity that will benefit you in the interview. Essentially, you want to demonstrate that the proposed project will have an impact beyond the PhD itself and will inform future research.

“What difficulties do you expect to encounter during this project?”

Here you can discuss the specific technical challenges you have identified (e.g., I will need to optimize the culture of these primary cells or I will need to establish a new model to investigate vascular dementia in iPSCs). This shows that you have thoroughly considered the project and are not afraid of facing challenges. If you can, discuss how you plan to overcome these challenges.

“What are your strengths/weaknesses?”

This is another popular interview question and one to prepare. Personalize your answer with examples and use tools like STAR (S-situation, T-task, A-action, R-response) to structure your answer. When discussing weaknesses, you can share how you are working on these, or perhaps put a positive spin on them. Read our interview success blog for general interview tips !

“What do you want to do after your PhD?”

You may not be sure of your future career plans at the time of your interview, but it’s good to prepare a response as this is a common question. Doing a PhD sets you up for an academic career path in research and teaching. Even if this is your plan for your career, emphasize your desire to work in academia and teaching. It is also okay to say you will keep your options open to whatever paths come your way during the 4+ years of your PhD.

“Describe a time you experienced a setback and how you overcame it.”

This is a very common interview question in general and we would advise giving an example in a professional or learning setting rather than a personal one. Plan ahead and respond in a STAR format to help you give a clear and impactful answer. If a similar situation arose again and you dealt with it differently, make sure to highlight this.

“How will you keep yourself motivated throughout the project?”

You can discuss your driving factors behind wanting to do a PhD, and this project specifically. Be open to the knowledge that you will experience peaks and troughs throughout your time as a PhD student – this demonstrates to the interviewers that you’re realistic about the hardships of doing a PhD. Perhaps mention the hobbies (exercise, reading, cooking, etc.) you use to relax outside of work and ensure you maintain a healthy work-life balance.

“What are some recent publications in the field?”

This question is to ensure you have read around your project before the interview and are ready to discuss/summarize some recent publications. This shows your dedication and passion for the PhD project and your preparation for the interview.

“Do you have any questions for us?”

You should have some questions prepared to ask the interviewers. This reinforces your interest and that you are serious about the PhD.

Here are some questions you can ask:

If speaking directly to the supervisor, you can ask project-specific questions or clarifications from the research proposal
Will I have any teaching opportunities?
Are there opportunities and support available to disseminate my work (e.g., conferences, publications)?
What are the training and career development opportunities?
Are there any developments planned for the department or university?

For other tips on careers and life as an early-career researcher, please visit our ECR hub .

Blog written by Lucie Reboud, intern at Proteintech, PhD student in cancer research at the University of Manchester.

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Dos and don’ts of a phd interview.

Studying for a PhD is an amazing academic achievement, as well as serious time commitment , and it's certainly not one for the faint-hearted. Once you've decided to embark on this academic path, your PhD interviewer needs to be sure that you are able to rise to the challenge and are academically capable of achieving this ultimate goal. And the PhD interview is how they assess your potential for a place on the program when applying for a PhD .

Your PhD interview will consist of questions that will enable your potential supervisors to get to know you better and have an understanding of what you’d like to study, why you’ve chosen your field of study, and whether you’d be a good fit for the PhD program.

This interview will also give you the opportunity to ask questions about the program and the university to make sure it’s the place you’d like to study.

Here, we've compiled a list of dos and don'ts of a PhD interview from the interviewer's perspective, to hopefully guarantee you success when answering the PhD interview questions and thus beginning your Doctorate journey.

PhD interview questions to help you prepare

Your interviewers will ask a range of different questions in order to determine whether you will be let into the PhD program . They will ask different types of questions to get an idea of who you are, what your interests are, and how much of an asset your research will be to the university.

General PhD interview questions

One important aspect of the PhD interview is for the interviewers to get a good idea of who the interviewee is.

They will do this by asking a series of questions that are more general to try and get a sense of your likes and dislikes, and your overall personality. These opening questions could be viewed as ‘warm up questions’ and are likely to also include questions and discussions about your academic history, reasons why you are interested in your particular research topic, and why you’re studying a PhD.

Example questions could include:

What is your academic background?
Describe your personal qualities?
What sets you apart from the other candidates?
What are your strengths and weaknesses?

The PhD interviewer will ask you questions about your motivation to study a PhD, which you should find straightforward to answer as you clearly have a keen interest and knowledge in a particular research topic to be considering studying it at PhD level. Now all you need to do is illustrate to the interviewer why you are the right person for this PhD at their university.

The first way to do this is to go into detail about your personal motivations for studying a PhD. Do you have a historical or family link with this topic? Was it an area you covered in your bachelors degree that you now want to explore further? Are you destined for a career in academia?

Another thing you should demonstrate in your PhD interview is what experience you’ve had either academically, personally or in the workplace that has strengthened your passions for your research.

It is also important to show that you have researched the university, the supervisor and your project. If many universities offer this particular PhD course, then why did you choose this specific one? Do they have resources that will be useful? Is there a supervisor you’d like to work with?

Example questions that you can expect to receive at this stage in your PhD interview could include:

Why are you motivated to pursue a PhD and why in this specific field?
Why did you choose this university?
Why did you choose this program?
Tell us about a time you experienced a setback

Relevant experience

Your PhD interviewer will be interested in any relevant experience you have to qualify you to study this PhD. Use your answers to draw attention to your specific qualifications that may not be obvious from your CV or project. Discuss other courses that you’ve taken, past research, etc. Use this time to reassure your prospective supervisor that you have the skills and experience needed to undertake a doctorate.

Consider what is the critical knowledge and skills needed for this project and explain to the interviewer how you meet these.

Don’t just summarise your CV as the interviewer has already seen this. They will want to see your passion and motivation for your research project.

Example questions they may ask at this stage could be:

What experience do you have that makes you suitable for this particular PhD and in what ways?’
Why should we choose you?

Your PhD project

Interviewers will want to know that students understand their project and the research involved in successfully studying a PhD.

You should be prepared to discuss your project idea in detail and demonstrate to the interviewer that you are the ideal candidate. For example, you should explain that you understand the current gaps in knowledge around your topic and how you propose to fill these gaps. Show that you know what your aims and objectives are and how your efforts will contribute to the research field.

Here are some example questions to help you discuss your PhD project:

How are you planning to deliver your project on time?
What will you do if you do not find the expected results?
What difficulties would you expect to encounter during this project?
How did you develop this proposal?

Future ambitions

It’s important for students to know where their work may lead them. Knowing how a PhD will help achieve this, and articulating these aspirations to the interviewer, will give the interviewer a better picture of the student’s goals.

If the goal is to have an academic career, use this as an opportunity to show the interviewer that you understand the academic career path.

An example question at this stage could be:

How will this PhD open the door for future ambitions and aspirations?

Your own questions

As well as being properly prepared to answer questions about your PhD proposal, it is also important to ask your own questions to the interviewer to make sure that this is the university and PhD program that you’re looking for.

Example questions that you could ask a potential supervisor could include:

Are you likely to remain at the university for the duration of my PhD program?
Are there good links within a specific industry/work field for your post-PhD career?
How many PhD students to you supervise at one time?
How much contact time am I likely to get?

PhD interview questions: DOs

"Brand" yourself. Show your personality . We must remember you for something besides your academic skills.
Be confident and sure of your abilities, but don’t be overconfident. You are not the best in everything that you do, so don't pretend you are!
If we ask you a witty question, reply with a witty answer.
All PhD interviews are different. Be flexible when preparing for your interview and don’t take anyone’s advice as definite, instead use it to build upon.
Avoid simple yes or no answers.
Show that you are an independent and original thinker by engaging in debate and supporting your arguments with reasonable statements. However, always be polite and argue without insulting us.
Be professional. Professionals can find the right measure between being serious and being informal.
Show that you care about what you want to study and about what we do, and don’t be interested in our PhD program just to get the title.
Research what we do. We don’t want to talk to someone who knows nothing about our work.

PhD interview questions: DON’Ts

Don’t undermine the importance of ‘soft’ general questions like “Where do you see yourself in future?” or “What is motivating you to do the PhD?”
Don’t be passive in communication. We are interviewing you, but you are also interviewing us.
Don’t give too general answers. Be specific and to the point because that will show us that you are not feigning but you know what you are talking about.
Don’t get nervous if you think the interview is not going well. In many cases this is just your personal impression, which may be wrong.
Don’t come dressed as if you just woke up – make an effort!
Don’t talk jargon. It is not very likely that we were born in the same place or have the same background, so we may not understand what you are saying.
Don’t try to pretend that you are someone you're not. We don’t like pretentiousness and can usually see straight through it.
Don’t try to be too funny. We may have a different sense of humour than you do, especially if you come from a different culture.
Don’t become too emotional during the PhD interview. Enthusiasm is good but not if it’s exaggerated, then it becomes quite off-putting.

Summary of PhD interview questions

This table shows some examples of different categories of questions you might enounter at a PhD interview.

	Your academic background, personal qualities, what sets you apart from the other candidates, etc.
	Why are you motivated to pursue a PhD and why in this specific field? Why did you choose the university?
	What experience do you have that makes you suitable for this particular PhD and in what way?
	How are you planning to deliver your project on time? What if you don’t find the expected results?
	How will this PhD open the door for your future ambitions and aspirations?
	At the end of each interview your interviewers will usually encourage you to ask them questions of interest to you.

Applying For A PhD

How To Prepare For A PhD Viva

Are You Ready For A PhD?

How To Get The Most From Your PhD Supervisor

Common PhD Myths

Alphabet of PhD Study

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What to do before the interview.

It is important to treat the PhD interview like a job interview. Dress smartly and bring two printed copies of your application form. It is also useful to bring your research proposal or your notes on how you will fit into the existing research project. Organise materials neatly so that you can quickly access any information requested, but also commit crucial details to memory—and rehearse.

Do background research on the university, the department, and the academics who will interview you. Prepare several informed questions about their current research and the overall research culture in the department.

Make sure you know where and when the interview will occur and arrive ahead of time. If possible, visit the building in advance. You will feel more at ease if the surroundings are a little familiar.

To avoid embarrassment, try to find out how to pronounce the names of staff members you will meet.

Tell us about yourself.

Include not only your academic background, but your personal motivation—and particularly what motivates you to do in-depth research in this specific field of study.

Why have you applied to do a PhD here?

This is where research can give you an edge. Show that you have chosen this programme/department/university for strong and valid reasons, such as your high regard for named researchers’ work, the availability of specific collections, equipment, or lab resources, and overall reputation. Give concrete examples, not banal generalities.

What can you do for us?

Academics will have to give up a great deal of time to supervise you, most of which they will receive no scheduled hours or recognition for. So, what research skills, personal attributes, connections, theoretical ideas and so on do you have that will make it worth their while? Again, give specific and concrete examples.

What do you think pursuing a PhD will do for you?

If you plan to become an academic, say so, but not in terms of just getting a job—talk about your long-term research plans . If applying to a professional doctorate programme, show that you understand the realistic career impact. Applicants pursuing a PhD towards the end of their career may want to talk about gaining recognition for innovative practice or solving complex issues through research. It is important to showcase your knowledge, motivation, background and commitment at this point.

What skills do you have that make you a good fit for the PhD place you have applied for or for the department?

Tailor your response specifically: Play up your strengths, including any prior research training and experience. Discuss project management skills, leadership skills, interpersonal skills, collaborative working, critical thinking and international experience or understanding.

Tell us about your research project.

If proposing your own topic, over-prepare. Refer to current scholarship and explain how your cutting-edge work will break new ground. If applying to join a project, show that you understand its value and demonstrate that you are the right person to make it happen. Be enthusiastic!

What would you say are your greatest strengths and weaknesses?

Yes, that tired job-interview question will appear here as well. Make sure the strengths you list include examples, and your “weaknesses” are also “strengths”—for example, “sometimes I’m a terrible perfectionist.” It is important to mention and demonstrate how your determination reaps project succession. The panel will want to know that you will persist in completing the PhD. Demonstrate this!

Tell us about a challenge you have overcome in the past.

It’s best to choose a research challenge as your answer: for example, how you handled an issue during your Master’s dissertation such as a disagreement with a supervisor or an issue with ethical approval. If you use a career or personal challenge, show how you used research or project-management skills to solve it.

What do you see as the most important issue/problem in this field today?

This question gives you space to show your knowledge of current research, theory and practice. Use this as an opportunity to showcase your knowledge.

Is there anything you would like to ask us?

This is your chance to show how informed you are and position yourself as an intellectual equal. Be prepared . Be ready.

We hope you found our Top Ten PhD Interview Questions and Answers article useful.

Find your PhD here

More phd tips:.

How To Write PhD Proposals

How to do a Distance Learning PhD at a UK university

Become a Researcher – 5 Skills You Need

PhD Funding – A Checklist of Possible Sources

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Advice for STEM PhD interviews and common questions

PhD interviews are part of almost every PhD application process, and they are an opportunity for you to get to know the faculty of the institution/university you’re applying to, and to demonstrate your potential to embark on a research project. This blog post provides examples of some of the most common interview questions, and advice on how to prepare a presentation on either a research project you’ve done (e.g. during an internship, bachelor’s thesis, or a master’s programme). I am currently doing a PhD at Oxford in Genomic Medicine and Statistics, and I applied to several biomedical science, biochemistry, and genetics PhD programmes in the UK in 2022 - below are questions taken from interviews at Oxford, Cambridge, and Imperial College.

At the start of the interview, you will often be asked warm-up questions such as “tell us about yourself in 2 minutes”, “why do you want to do a PhD?”, “what experiences have you had that could help you during a PhD?”, and “what makes you different compared to other candidates?”. It’s a good idea to brainstorm answers to these questions in advance, which should help to calm your nerves, and help you communicate to the panel why you’d make a great PhD student on their programme.

Often PhD programmes will ask you to present a previous research project for 5-10 minutes, either with or without slides. If they ask you to make slides, they will often specify the maximum number of slides: keep to the slide count, but you can use animations. Your slides should be simple and uncluttered and don’t have anything on your slides that you don’t talk about. Make sure you explain enough background so that someone from a general science background can understand you - your interviewers are very unlikely to have experience in your current field. Furthermore, explain why you are doing/did specific experiments or made particular choices - this needs to come before the “how”. You can end with the implications of your findings and why they are important, along with possible future directions for your work. Practice the presentation in front of friends, family, and members of your current research group if you have the opportunity, and if your interview is over Zoom, it’s a good idea to have a rehearsal with a friend to make sure you’re as confident as possible for the real thing.

Your interviewers are very likely to ask you some questions about this presentation. They may ask why your experimental setup is a good model for what you’re investigating, what previous findings your work relies on, what other labs are doing research in your current field, or what is new in your current/previous research field(s). They may also ask how you ensure that you generate high-quality data, what your controls were (positive and negative), or how a particular technique you used works. Another interesting question I was asked at one of my PhD interviews was “what would you include in a grant based on your current findings?”. Alongside these technical questions, your interviewers may ask what you found challenging in your project, and what you enjoyed the most. One of the best things to get across in your answers to these questions is how they have prepared you for a PhD - how did they help you become more resilient, acquire problem-solving skills, or learn a particularly useful technique?

Aside from your scientific abilities, they may also want to know what you do outside the lab for work-life balance, how you deal with any conflict in the lab, and what you’re looking for in an ideal PhD supervisor. The interviewers also often ask students to tell them about a time you failed or troubleshooted, alongside “what are you doing to work on your weaknesses?”. The purpose of these questions is to find out whether you’re prepared for the challenges that arise during a PhD.

Some PhD programmes will send you a paper in advance of the interview to present to them. If this is the case for you, it’s a good idea to present the knowledge gap this paper was trying to fill, how they solved it, and what this means. They may also ask what you liked/didn’t like about the paper, whether the authors make unsupported claims in the discussion, and what further work could be done to build on the findings.

Interviews often end with the panel asking whether you have any questions for them - remember, this is your opportunity to see if the programme is a good fit for you! Examples of questions you could ask are: “what surprises PhD students when they start a PhD?”, “are there opportunities for teaching?”, and “what do you like about working here as a group leader?”.

I hope this information was useful, and further information can be found on the Find a PhD website 🔗 and the YouTube channels of Dr Andy Stapleton 🔗, Hira Javaid 🔗 and Dr Amina Yonis 🔗.

Graduate School

“Tell Me About Yourself” PhD Interview Question & Expert Answers

The “tell me about yourself” PhD interview question seems like something you do not need to prepare for or think about. But ignoring the importance of this interview question imperils your candidacy, since admissions committees scrutinize this part of the interview as much as other elements of your application, like your grad school statement of purpose , research resume , or statement of intent . The “tell me about yourself” PhD interview question is among the most common and difficult graduate school interview questions, but the right prep will help you start the interview and set the tone for the rest of your conversation.

This article will detail the purpose behind this tough interview question, show you ways to build a response, and provide you with expert sample answers to inspire you.

>> Want us to help you get accepted? Schedule a free initial consultation here <<

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Article Contents 9 min read

What is the purpose of the “tell me about yourself” phd interview question.

“Tell me about yourself” is not a trick question. We promise. Graduate school interviews are designed to learn more about you, beyond the grades, test scores, and academic achievements listed on your graduate school resume . The point of the “tell me about yourself” PhD interview question is to get at the heart of what defines you as a person, student, instructor, and scholar. In short, this question is truly your chance to stand out.

But the “tell me about yourself” PhD interview question is also an exercise in conciseness and self-awareness. The way you answer matters as much as the content, and it reflects a lot about how you express yourself, how you see yourself, and what about your personality, intellect, and past experiences motivates you to pursue such an advanced degree.

How to Prepare and Structure Your Answer

Areas to cover.

1. Background

PhD admissions officers are interested in your background, so you should start your answer with personal details like your name, where you were born, etc., and then mention more specific details, like your school, the degree you just finished, and what you’re doing currently, academically or professionally. You can also talk about other things unique to you, like if you’ve changed cities or countries to pursue your degree, and whether you are a parent.

2. Personal Story

You can use the introduction as a springboard to talk about the “inciting incident” of your story; the moment or event that made you realize you wanted to pursue art, engineering, or medicine. It is unique to you, obviously, but you should also be mindful of not spending too much time on describing the incident but rather, using it as a way to transition to the next section.

You can talk about the lead-up to the story, and the aftermath. Did your perspective change? Were you motivated to find answers to a problem or remedy some injustice? Talk about your motivations, feelings, and emotions in detail to make your story authentic and personable, while not devolving your story into parody or self-seriousness.

I think my passion for the fine arts started in my childhood church. Every Sunday I would stare at the murals depicting scenes from the Bible, mostly because of how different they were from traditional interpretations of religious imagery. The artist who designed these murals chose a more modern style to depict them. He used faceless figures and elongated shapes for their bodies instead of typical line drawings or classical imagery.

I was puzzled. But, at the same time, I thought it was bold. I realized how art can be freeing, in both style and subject. I saw how an artist expresses themselves through their choices and how those choices reflect their ideas, worldview, and state of mind. It was these possibilities that got me sketching. But that phase lasted only a few years, mostly because I had no talent for drawing.

However, my interest in the fine arts never went away. I knew that even if I could never be an artist, I could still have a career in research, restoration, and exploration of art history. I entered an undergrad in Art History with an emphasis on ancient art, which I buttressed with a part-time job working in the Winters Sculpture Gallery at Downtown University. It was working in the gallery that let me see how people truly interact with art. I was touched by the time and contemplation people put into an image or sculpture, regardless of the style or subject, the way people in churches sit, in silence, surrounded by what they consider holy and beautiful.

Exploring themes of worship and idolatry during my undergrad made me recall my own early childhood experiences. It was then that I decided that I wanted to go further in examining the never-ending relationship between art and religion. I had my mind set on going to Europe – Florence or Turin specifically – and going into depth on the exchange between art and religion throughout the Renaissance up to the present. I even started learning Italian.

However, it was around this time when news broke of the discovery of thousands of remains at residential schools, which, made me question what I was doing in a significant way. The Catholic Church was largely responsible, along with many others, for these horrors. After learning about this terrible news, I could not reconcile the fact that I was about to devote my life to the study of religious art based in Catholicism, while the same Catholic church actively participated in cultural genocide. It was a wake-up call. I realized that too much time and effort has been put into classical and Renaissance art, and I didn’t want to be part of that tradition.

I began researching how Indigenous cultures in Canada represent, interpret, and express their spirituality in ways that are far removed from Judeo-Christian spiritual practices. While doing this research, I felt in myself a desire to right the wrongs of the past. Rather than reinforcing the supremacy of one tradition, I wanted to learn about another so that I could help in preserving and disseminating it. Many had fought for centuries to preserve and pass down the rich, cultural legacy of Indigenous spirituality, despite the unyielding forces opposed to it and I wanted to participate in understanding it as much as I could.

When I entered the Master of Fine Arts program at Waterloo University, I sought out Dr. Patrick Bouvier, who identifies as Metis and researches storytelling practices unique to Indigenous cultures. Dr. Bouvier was kind enough to help me define my research interests, given my art history background, and it was through him that I found out that the boundaries between Christian and native spirituality are fluid and that many Metis incorporate Christian practices into their ceremonies.

I also became aware that Indigenous spirituality, by its nature, escapes definition and contextualization. It is less about holy texts, churches, and congregations and more a way of life, a way of understanding your relationships with nature, people, and the past. Even the term, “Indigenous spirituality” is problematic, given the poor job it does of relaying the complex beliefs of First Nations peoples.

Through Dr. Bouvier’s mentorship and guidance, I became acquainted with this school’s Indigenous Studies program. One of the aspects of this graduate program that stood out for me was that it was the first of its kind in North America, created with the input and guidance of First Nations representatives. The immersive aspect also intrigued me, as the program embraces the central role played by the environment and hands-on learning in Indigenous culture. I am eager to experience these traditional knowledge concepts and bond with the Elders who make themselves available to students in the tradition of Indigenous pedagogy. The fact that there are almost no programs or fields that marry traditional art history studies with Indigenous culture means that there is a dire need for further exploration, which is what I hope to achieve when I complete my PhD.

“Tell Me About Yourself” PhD Interview Sample Answer #2

I recently graduated from the Autonomous University of Sinaloa with a master’s degree in Astronomy and Astrophysics, where I presented a thesis on the life of stars (their birth, existence, and death) that questioned formation theories and examined the role of the cold dark matter model in classifying new stars.

The stars and universe have always fascinated me, ever since I was a boy growing up in Mexico City. In the capital, you don’t see a lot of stars. It’s for the same reasons that people living in large cities cannot see more than a few stars at a time: light and air pollution. I could never imagine that one day I would see a night sky blanketed with stars – as many stars in the sky as there are grains of sand on a beach. But it happened one night.

I remember when I was ten – I remember very clearly how old I was because this experience shaped me forever – I left the city to go visit my relatives in Oaxaca, which is very far from the Distrito Federal. It was the first time I left the city, and it was a long journey. But during the last few hours of the trip, we drove through the Sierra Madre del Sur mountain range.

I was mesmerized. At such a high elevation, so far from the city, the sky lit up with stars. That beautiful sight sparked more than just awe; it made me ponder my relation to time as well. That’s why I remember how old I was because, in that moment, I said to myself, “I am ten years old now, but will I remember this when I am twenty, thirty.

The “tell me about yourself” PhD interview question is nothing to fear, provided you prepare. Once you have your answer, your preparation should also involve mock interviews so that you can become comfortable with the format, time your answer, and make adjustments. You can reach out to PhD admission consultant s to help you practice because they have the most experience with the “tell me about yourself” PhD interview.

If you feel that you need some graduate school application help to guide you in the interview, or any part of the application process, don’t hesitate. But following the steps in this article can also help you in crafting an authentic response. When you do have an answer prepared, try rehearsing a few key points so that you know how to move your story along. You should practice reading it out loud to be comfortable with the material, but don’t go through the effort of memorizing lines, as this will make you seem inauthentic.

Interviewers ask this question as an icebreaker to ease the pressure and put interviewees at ease. But it also serves the real purpose of getting a candidate to talk about themselves and how their experiences (both academic and non-academic) have shaped their academic interests.

You can answer the “tell me about yourself” question by telling a personal story of how you ended up at this interview. You can also start by talking about your present if you’re a recent grad or about what you want to achieve. The key is to create an easy-to-follow narrative that showcases what prepared you for the program you’re applying to.

You can practice beforehand and time yourself, keeping your answer to around the two-minute mark to avoid incoherence and rambling.

Do not talk about personal stories unrelated to your academic pursuits. You can certainly incorporate hobbies, passion projects, or general interests outside of academia, but try to weave all these elements of your personality into a convincing portrait of you as a PhD candidate. Also, avoid mentioning anything you are uncomfortable talking about later in the interview. For example, if you are uncomfortable discussing your family background, do not bring it up in the ‘tell me about yourself’ answer because the admissions committee might ask follow-up questions about it.

PhD and postdoc interview questions can broach a number of topics, from asking about your professional ambitions to how you would apply for funding. Be prepared for personal and field-related questions; they will make up the bulk of your interview.

You can practice your answer in front of a trusted colleague, mentor, or grad school advisor to get worthwhile feedback. We strongly encourage the use of mock interviews to get the best results. Your advisor, whoever they are, can provide tips and constructive criticism on how to improve your answer or where it excels.

The answer is supposed to come from you and your personal experiences, so you should brainstorm and prepare your answer personally. While advisors and consultants can help you shape it and improve the delivery, only you can tell your own story.

Every graduate school and every program have their own program-specific requirements, but the average requirements include a specific GPA,, a specific GRE score, and supporting documentation like a statement of purpose and letters of recommendation .

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How to ace interview weekend for PhD Biomedical Science programs

If you read my previous post, “ What to expect during interview weekend for PhD Biomedical programs ” you know exactly what you are in for during interview weekend. Now the question is, how do you prepare? You have two goals during interview weekend: 1) Convince the graduate students and faculty members that you would be an excellent fit for their program, and 2) Making sure that the program is actually an excellent fit for you . Remember that this is an important decision for you too! Don’t be distracted by number of Nobel laureates or big names, make sure that the program meets your needs, and is a place where you see yourself supported and doing some of your best research.

How to prepare before interviews:

1. know your biomedical science research project from all angles.

This is important, and shows your level of involvement in the project and your skills as a scientist. You should know even seemingly nominal details about your project such as why specific assays were used over others, or whether there was calcium in a buffer that you used, and why. Biomedical science PhD work is about working well independently, and collaboratively, so you want to make sure it comes across that you managed your own experiments, but also had no problem collaborating with scientists in your lab or others, even if it was simply to discuss results and receive more input. On a related note, frame your project as a story. What was the main question? What did you find? What did that tell you? Knowing your project inside and out will give you a boost of confidence during the inrerviews.

2. Have a practice interview with your advisor

Quite frankly, this was a bit more intimidating than some of my interviews because my advisor knew so much more about my work than I did, but I found this incredibly helpful. Interviews can vary and some faculty members will really try and put you on the hot seat (e.g. ask you to propose new experiments, ask you to go to the white board and present your project), so make sure your advisor asks some tough questions to get you feeling comfortable in that environment. Your advisor can also help you craft ‘your research story,’ and you’ll realize by the end of interview season that you can recite that story in your sleep.

3. Look up interviewers

At least go on the lab website to check out what he/she works on, and maybe check out some abstracts from recent publications. If you have time, you can read one of their recent studies, but I did not find this to be completely necessary. Websites and publication records do not always reflect current biomedical science research in the lab, but reading older papers can give you some background on the lab’s research.

During interview weekend:

1. have a good interview .

This goes without saying, but here are some tips for acing the interview:

Be confident, but not overly so. You have worked hard on your project, and are excited to embark on a PhD. Let that shine through!
Ask follow-up questions when faculty members are discussing their work. This is a good opportunity to show that you can think critically, and are paying attention to what they are saying. If something is unclear, make sure to ask questions about that too. It won’t make you seem unintelligent, but interested.
Be prepared to propose follow up experiments. This sounds challenging, but if you are paying attention, and the faculty member asks “what experiment would you do next?” or “what results would you expect?” you should be able to think out loud even if you cannot arrive to an exact answer.
If the interview is going well, and you would like to work in this principal investigator’s lab, ask if he/she is taking students for rotations.

2. Present yourself as a good fit for the program

If you have been selected to interview there is already an investment on the part of the program. The in-person interview weekend is, among other things, a way to see whether the glowing application matches who they meet, and whether you would be a good fit for the program. What makes a good fit? A student who is creative, thinks critically, is collaborative (projects often involve multiple collaborations between lab members or other labs), hardworking, and importantly, whose biomedical science research interests align with that of the program . To this end, you want to want to go into interview weekend with an idea of what you want to work on, but some flexibility, especially if you are keen on working on something that not many labs work on.

3. Make sure the program is a good fit for you

This was good advice that I got from a current biomedical science graduate student during interview weekend. Instead of worrying about whether you are impressing people, focus on whether the program is actually a good fit for you. I cannot stress how much of a commitment a PhD is, and how important quality of life is during those years. Here are a few questions to keep in mind:

What is the average graduation time for this program?
Do students seem genuinely happy?
What is the lab culture like at this institution? Competitive? Respect for work-life balance?
Is this city affordable with my stipend?
How much support is provided by the directors and administrators of this program?
What are the classes and teaching requirements?
Are there a few labs where I could see myself doing my PhD?

4. Keep it professional

There will be many social events throughout interview weekend, and the evening events usually involve alcohol and are off campus, which might make it easy to forget that you are still interviewing. Depending on the program, graduate student input can weigh into admission decisions. If all of the current graduate students report that you were acting pompous, disrespectful or discriminatory, this might be enough to sway the minds of some faculty members on the admission’s committee. Have fun, and unwind after a stressful day of interviewing, but don’t get sloppy.

5. Have fun!

Although interview weekends can be stressful and draining, they are also incredibly fun. You get to meet all kinds of prospective graduate students, often the same ones at multiple interview weekends, who are just as brilliant and passionate about science as you are. Even the interviews themselves are quite fun, as it’s a chance to talk to the top scientists in your field, some of whom might even be Nobel laureates. Finally, it’s a chance to be wine and dined at fantastic restaurants and explore different cities.

You’ve made it this far. You are going to find a PhD program that is perfect for you. Good luck!

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Questions to Ask During Your PhD Interview

By Zebastian D.
August 22, 2020

As someone applying for PhD positions, you’ll no doubt be thinking of and preparing for the interview with your potential supervisor(s). You’re absolutely right to be doing this and planning your answers to some of the PhD interview questions that they’ll probably ask you; make sure you’ve read our guide on this to help you prepare.

Remember though that the PhD student-supervisor relationship works both ways; as much as the potential supervisor is interviewing you for a PhD position within their lab, you should also have the mindset that you’re also interviewing the professor for the role of supervisor, and be ready to ask questions! Ultimately the key thing you want to know after your PhD interview is you are both a good fit for each other.

With that in mind, I’ve prepared a common list of questions that you should consider asking to help you decide if the supervisor and the research lab is the right fit for you. You don’t need to ask all these questions but instead use this list as a guide for picking what feels most important to you.

I should also note that some of the answers to these questions can usually be found through a quick Google search of the potential supervisor or looking at their university profile. So do think about which questions in particular you want to bring up in person at the PhD interview.

Now on to the questions….

How many PhD students have you supervised previously, and did they all gain their PhDs?

You’re asking this to firstly work out how experienced the professor is at supervising students, based purely on the numbers previously supervised. The reason to ask the second question of how many students gained PhDs is to get an idea of the supervisor’s track record of successful supervision. The lower the percentage of students that went onto complete their PhD under his or her supervision (and not leave the program early ), the more alarm bells that should be ringing for you. This of course shouldn’t be your only data point in the decision-making process, and you should try and find out more about why those that left their PhD program before completion, did so. Equally it’s also a possibility that some students have been successful in their PhD research in spite of a supervisor’s lack of support. A good way to get a truer sense of this is by speaking to the supervisor’s current and past students.

Whilst a supervisor’s successful track record can be reassuring, don’t be put off if they haven’t supervised many (or even any) students before, particularly if they’re still fairly new in the job. There are many other ways in which you can get a sense of the supervisor-student fit.

How many years does a PhD project usually take in your lab?

If you’re in the UK, a full time PhD should normally take you 3-4 years to complete , as reflected by most funding grants for PhD research being for this time frame. You want to know and have some reassurance that most students in this lab do finish within this time frame. Asking this question will also help you better understand the supervisor’s attitude towards completion time frames; is this someone that would have no issue with a student that’s been working on their PhD for 6 years or are they driven to help students complete ‘on time’.

What are the key milestones for progression that you expect from students?

This is a good follow on from the previous question. Some supervisors can be very ‘hands off’ and set no expectations on their students about deliverables and if this is the type of student-supervisor relationship you’re after (which some are), then perfect!

However, whilst a PhD project is an independent body of work, that doesn’t mean you have to do it in isolation. Having a supervisor that also acts as a mentor is important; a key aspect of this is to help keep you on track to complete your project ‘in time’, which is most effectively done using regular milestones.

The actual milestones will vary between supervisors but what you’re looking for in their response is some indication that they’ve actually thought about them. Examples of milestones may be the completion of the literature review within the first 6 weeks of starting, first experimental data captured by month 3 and first paper published by the time you end year 1.

How many other students do you supervise?

You ideally don’t want your supervisor to have too many (>5) other PhD students under his or her supervision at any one time, simply because of the dilution of their time that will naturally occur. Being part of an active research lab is a big advantage however, so you don’t necessarily want to be the only student under their supervision either. Remember that the professor may also be responsible for several Master’s and undergraduate students too so you just need to know what to realistically expect from him in terms of available time to meet with you regularly.

How often do you meet with your PhD students?

You don’t want a supervisor that’s too prescriptive in how you run your project, but you do want someone who you know you can rely on to meet with regularly. Some professors set weekly one-on-one or group research meetings that occur at the same time, day and venue; you know exactly what you’re getting here. Others tend to meet less frequently but still at regular intervals. A good balance would be to have catch up meetings every 2 weeks but it’s important to know upfront what the expectations are from both sides about how often to meet.

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How flexible is the direction of the PhD project?

At the PhD level of higher education, the supervisor is there to provide mentorship and guidance to help you avoid going in a completely wrong direction with your research. You should however expect to have the freedom to take your project in any direction you want to (within reason). This should be the case even if it means deviating from the original research questions that were proposed at the start; you and your supervisor should be in agreement before you start about how much flexibility there can be. Remember too that sometimes the project may have to stay closely aligned to the original plan if it’s required by the industry funder, so this decision may be out of the supervisor’s hands to some extent.

What funding is available for this project?

You should know by the time you come to interview if the project is to be self-funded or if there is specific funding associated with it. It may feel like an awkward question to ask but you need to be very clear on how much of a living stipend you should expect and if there is any additional funding for things such as conference travel, paying for journal publication fees or other bench fees; you don’t want any unpleasant surprises about finances when you’ve already started the PhD.

Do you expect there to be any changes in funding during the course of the project?

Specifically, you want to find out if there’s any risk that the funding associated with the project could be removed. Most often, funding bodies don’t transfer the entire monetary amount of the agreed funding up front in one lumpsum (which can be in excess of £75,000 for a 3-year studentship). Instead, payments are made in instalments and may be done so on the basis that certain milestones are met. For industry funded projects, for example, there may be a service work element (such as specialist analysis using university-based equipment) associated with the funding which will need to be delivered on time for the university to continue to receive money. In reality a complete loss of funding is unlikely to happen, but you should find out if this is at all a possibility of happening.

What is the source of the funding?

It’s important for you to understand how your project will be funded. As discussed in the previous question, the specific funder may place certain requirements on the university that need to be fulfilled to receive the funds. Don’t let this put you off applying or even impact your decision to take on the specific project, but it’s an important factor to be aware of.

Are there any opportunities to earn additional money as a PhD student?

Even if you will receive a stipend during the course of your research project, it comparatively won’t be a lot of money to live on. If you want it, the opportunity to earn extra money can make a big difference in managing your finances. This may in the form of one day/week working as a research technician or paid work preparing and delivering lectures to undergraduate students. It’s useful to know if these opportunities will exist to help you manage your expectations about your finances. Make sure you don’t let yourself feel obligated to take on this additional work however, even if it is paid; the priority will be ensuring your research progresses on schedule.

Will I have the opportunity and be expected to publish papers?

In the UK there is no requirement for you to have published any journal papers before you are awarded a PhD. Doing so however can go some way towards making your final viva that much easier, and also giving you a ‘head-start’ on your publication track record if you continue on into academia after your PhD.

You should get a sense of if your potential supervisor sees an opportunity for you to publish your research, if this is something that you want to do. Equally you should be aware of the supervisor’s expectations about publishing to avoid any potential conflict between your supervisor wanting you to publish work during your PhD and you wanting to wait until you’re in the post-doc stage before writing papers.

How many papers have previous PhD students published with you?

Knowing the answer to this should give you a good idea about the expectations and opportunities of publishing papers during your PhD. It’s certainly a positive sign to know that previous students have successfully published their research and is often a sign of a good supervisory system being in place.

How often does your research group present at academic conferences?

Having the opportunity to present your research at an academic conference is a key experience to have obtained during your time as a PhD student. Some supervisors actively encourage this and ensure that all funding applications include allocations for paying for conference related fees. Others are less convinced about the value of students going to conferences, particularly due to the additional expense of doing so, and may therefore not be as supportive of conference participation.

It’s useful to know what the norm is within the supervisor’s research group so that there are no surprises further down the line.

Is there funding support available for attending conferences?

Again, to be clear on expectations of funding and support for conference attendance, you should find out if there are funds specifically allocated for this purpose. If there aren’t, does the supervisor actively provide support to their students in applying for additional funding for this?

Are there courses and training sessions available for PhD students?

Find out if there are extra resources available to you should you want to use them. For example, do the supervisors students go on paper writing courses, or workshops on how to perform literature reviews? There are lots of new things that you’ll be doing during your PhD, especially at the beginning so it’s good to know that there’s external help available if and when you need it.

What are your past PhD graduates doing now?

This is an interesting one to find out from the supervisor. Are most of their graduates continuing their career development within academia or have many moved into industry work or even to a field completely different to their area of research? Ideally, you’d want this to align with your own career options. If most PhD holders have gone into industry whereas you want to pursue an academic career, you should try and find out why they ended up leaving academia. For example, did these graduates initially have aspirations of becoming professors themselves but were not able to do so or does your particular field normally open up more opportunities within industry?

What kind of support do you or the university provide for helping with jobs after?

In particular, what role does the supervisor play in helping their recent PhD graduates find their next job role? Do they have any connections within industry that they’d be able to help you network with? Or have any of their past PhD students stayed on in the lab as post-docs and are there resources in place for you to potentially do the same?

Will there be opportunities to teach undergraduate students?

The opportunity to give lectures to undergraduate students or lead tutorials with them can be a good way to earn some extra money during your PhD (note though that not all universities/departments formally pay PhD students to do this). Getting teaching experience is also important if you’re planning on continuing on down an academic career path at a university so it’s useful if you can gain some of this during your PhD.

Do you as a lab do any team activities together?

This will help you get a sense of the environment you’ll be working in for at least the next three years. Is this a lab with several PhD students and post-docs that make up an active ‘research family’? Does the team ever go out for lunch together or day trips away together to unwind? This can be a great way to build a sense of comradery in a research job that can often feel like you’re working alone in. Some supervisors actively encourage and get involved in nurturing a team environment whilst others are more hands-off, leaving the students to do their own thing.

What is the work environment like? Do students work in a shared office space?

Be clear on what your daily workspace will be like at the lab and university. Do all PhD students sit together in an open space or are there smaller office spaces for one or two students to work in? Some people prefer the buzz of an open space whilst others like the quiet of lone working. Either way, you should know what your work environment will look like for the next three years and plan accordingly (e.g. buy some noise cancelling headphones if you need some quite time in the open plan office).

I’ve given you a number of different questions to think about and ask your potential supervisor at your PhD interview. Not all of them may be relevant, or even appropriate to ask, so do think carefully about which ones you do want to bring up at the interview and which answers you could find out independently by either speaking to other students or looking online. Your research project and your experiences at the university will be so much more enjoyable if you can make sure you and your supervisor are a good fit for each other. The best way to do this is to ask questions!

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The Best Questions to Ask During a PhD Interview

A PhD interview is not only a chance for the department to determine if you’re a good fit for their program, it’s also an opportunity for you to decide if their program is right for you. Coming to the interview prepared with some questions shows the selection committee you’re serious about their program. Stuck on what to ask? Give these questions a go!

1. Are there opportunities for summer funding or travel grants?

Not all programs pay students during the summer months. If this is the case, you should ask if the program provides financial support for students to do research-related activities in the summer like take language classes or do fieldwork. Are there grants available from the department or university for research-related travel? In a similar vein, does the department or graduate school provide travel grants to reimburse PhD students for conference expenses?

2. What are recent alumni doing now?

Getting a PhD is a big investment of time and money so potential students want reassurance that it will pay off in the future. Before you commit to a program, find out where its recent alumni are now working. Do most alumni go on to positions in academia or are most of them working in industry or alt-ac?

3. What sort of special resources does the university have for research in this field?

Some universities have resources above and beyond the norm, such as their own collection of papyri or a world-renowned affiliated hospital, which graduate students can access for their research. This can give one program an edge over another.

4. How long does it take on average for students to earn their degree?

The length of a PhD depends on which country you are studying in, however if one program has a longer-than-average time to degree it’s worth finding out why. Does the program require more coursework or have more exams than other similar programs? It’s also work asking what percentage of students don’t complete the program as a high percentage could be a red flag.

5. Will I have the opportunity to teach during my PhD?

If you want to be a professor, teaching will be an essential part of your job. It is extremely beneficial to gain teaching experience during your PhD and many North American PhD programs actually require at least one year of teaching.

6. Will I have the opportunity to publish during my PhD?

Publishing is an important part of academic life, but the publishing expectations of graduate students will depend on the field. If you are interviewing in STEM and social sciences, it is more relevant to ask how many first author papers most students publish by the time they graduate. In the humanities, where graduate publications are rarer, the better question will be if most students publish while they are in the program. In both cases, you should also ask how the faculty helps students learn to navigate publishing process.

7. What is the funding level of this PhD position?

If the job posting or department website doesn’t go into detail about PhD funding, you can take this opportunity to clarify the funding level and total cost of the program. Depending on your circumstances, you might also want to ask whether the department offers any paid assistantship positions or supports external fellowship/grant applications.

8. What makes this program unique?

The core elements of all PhD programs are the same, so try to ask a question that gets at the differences. What does this program do to differentiate itself from the competition? It can be interesting to hear how multiple faculty members in the same department answer this question.

9. Are there any planned absences in the department in the coming years?

Do any key faculty members (including your supervisor) have sabbaticals planned while you would be doing your PhD?

10. How does the dissertation process work in this program?

It’s helpful to ask questions such as can students choose their own committee members, does the university offer finishing fellowships, and how long on average does it take students in this program to complete their dissertations?

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Introduce yourself in a PhD interview (4 simple steps + examples)

The opening of an application interview for a PhD position usually starts with short introductions of everyone participating in the conversation. Many applicants wonder how to best introduce themselves in a PhD interview. Four simple steps (including examples) help you to develop a powerful self-introduction .

Introductions in a PhD interview

On the other hand, you may feel much more vulnerable during an interview than when sending a carefully crafted application letter.

A self-introduction summarises who you are and why you want the PhD position. A powerful self-introduction can set the tone for the whole interview.

If you are unprepared, there is a risk of going in all directions when it is your turn to introduce yourself. It may throw you off and make you extra nervous for the remainder of the interview.

What to do in a PhD interview introduction

What not to do in a phd interview introduction.

Several things are best to be avoided when you introduce yourself in a PhD interview:

Step 1: State your full name

.”

Step 2: Give a brief overview of your educational (and professional) background

Therefore, it is useful to provide a brief summary of your educational background. Those who have work experience also benefit from including it.

Step 3: Explain why you are interested in the PhD position

Step 4: thank everyone for the opportunity to be interviewed.

The final step is to thank everyone for the opportunity to be interviewed. Be gracious and polite, and express your enthusiasm for the interview. This will create a comfortable atmosphere in which questions can be freely asked and answered.

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Interviews and Visits

List of Interview Questions for Cell and Mol Bio PhD

By CellMol Biologica January 31, 2012 in Interviews and Visits

CellMol Biologica

Hello friends,

I thought of starting a thread where people jot down an exhaustive list of the questions they were asked during their PhD admissions. It wd be great if they are from biological sciences, but other disciplines also welcome to write as I believe many questions will be generic to PhDs. Most helpful would be people who have already attended the interviews, but others who are yet to take their interviews may also write the types of questions they think might be asked.

It would be great if you can write in this format: (for those who already attended)

Program Name : PhD Development Biology

Type of Student : Domestic/ International

School Interviewed with:

(#1) U Penn

Type of interview: Phone/Skype/ Face-to-Face

Questions Asked :

(#2) Ohio State University

(#3) Cornell University

aberrant and snes

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Anyone, please compile a list here so that myself and other students can use it for years to come. Thanks

1 month later...

Buckyball60

Would be nice to get some answers on this.

3 weeks later...

the defenestration

Nice topic! I interviewed with and was accepted to three schools for Cell/Molecular PhD programs this past application season - Baylor College of Medicine, University of Maryland, and University of South Florida. My area of interest is Cancer Biology; only USF has a program entirely dedicated to cancer, but the other two have Cancer Bio tracks and many great researchers studying what I want to study.

I really found that my interviews resembled conversations more than they resembled a typical job interview. I was never asked "What is your greatest weakness?" or anything like that (though I prepared answers for those types of things, just in case). Generally, when I walked in the room, the interviewer would start off the conversation by making a friendly comment on where I was from or where I did my undergrad, and then they would ask me to tell me about myself. I talked for about 3 minutes or so about my major, my lab work, and how I became interested in cancer biology - this length of time seemed to work very well, and they would ask questions so it wasn't just me rambling. After this, the conversation could take a number of turns. I had a few interviewers who wanted to know about my research in great detail, so I explained exactly what my project entailed, drew some diagrams, etc. More often than not, though, the interviewer would talk about their own research for at least half the interview (I had a couple of interviewers who launched into explaining their own projects without even asking me about myself). I was a little worried that maybe I wasn't giving them enough information about myself since they were just talking about their own research, but people really do love talking about their own interests. If you can get your interviewer talking about their own research, they will remember your interview positively, even if you don't use the full 30 minutes to talk about how awesome you are. When they are explaining their research, take notes, act interested, and ask an intelligent question or two at the opportune moment.

All that said, there were a couple of questions that I got quite a bit:

1. Why do you want to be in this program? Not a hard one, but make sure you do your homework. Pay attention to what the program directors emphasize about the program as well - chances are, these are the reasons they want you to like their school, and it won't hurt to mention some of those things that particularly stand out to you.

2. What other schools have you applied to? As far as I can tell, they are trying to decide whether you will actually attend their program. Be honest; they know you're applying to more than one program, but it's unnecessary to mention schools you have been rejected from or are no longer considering. The interviewer will probably ask a question or make a comment about your answer, after which point you can re-state the reasons why THEIR program is such a great fit for you.

3. Why were your grades so terrible during this particular semester? If you have a weak point in your application, be prepared to explain it. When they ask about this weak point, they are not out to get you - they want you to have a good, reasonable explanation, and if you have an interview chances are you have the explanation.

4. Do you have any questions for me? Always have questions! Remember, you are trying to evaluate the program as much as they are trying to evaluate you. You may end up asking the same questions toward the end of the day, but you may also get different answers.

Really, I think that is about it. If I think of any other questions I was asked, I will add those. However, I would like to add a few interview tips that I could have used coming in:

1. You have control over your interview. This is huge. It really is a conversation, and you can steer that conversation in whatever way you want. Obviously, don't sidestep a pointed question, but focus on the things you want to talk about. Come in with some things you want to say about yourself, and say them. You don't have to wait for the interviewer to ask a particular question, because they probably won't. Work it into the conversation.

2. Elaborate on the things you are interested in. This kind of ties in with my first point. From speaking to other interviewees, I learned that one interviewer could be very difficult for one person but another person would find the same interviewer to be easygoing and kind. The difference was usually a matter of perspective. Those who had trouble generally answered the question, shut up, and waited for the interviewer to fire another one at them. Those who actually enjoyed the interview saw it as more of a back-and-forth. If you talk about the things you know and are interested in, the interviewer gets to see that you are smart and knowledgeable, and you can prevent the interview from becoming a grill session where you may be asked about things you are not as knowledgeable about. Caveat: don't ramble. If you're done talking, you're done talking, and if you keep talking just to fill silence, you are likely to say something dumb.

3. Get them to talk about their research. Takes pressure off you, they enjoy talking about themselves, and you get to gain more perspective on the program.

4. Pr epare, but don't overprepare. I think a good thing to do is to take a sheet of paper for every interviewer and write a few short bullet points about them - what they're doing, where they got their PhD, specific questions you want to ask them. Then, take the sheets to the interviews and use them to take notes. At least for my interviews, it was overkill to read papers by every single interviewer. If you are very interested in working with a particular professor, by all means read a paper or two and ask them about it. Otherwise, keep it simple and don't stress about it too much.

5. Know your research. Be able to explain it inside out. If your current research is in a field other than what you want to get your PhD in (as mine is) then know how to explain it to someone outside the field. Interestingly, I found it was not as important to be well-versed in what I want to work on at the PhD level. In fact, I was told by several interviewers that many students' interests change after the first year and that having your whole PhD planned out was not that important. This may depend on the school, though.

6. Relax! Your interviews will be fine. Your interviewers want to like you. Be engaging, be interested, be excited to meet your interviewers. If something goes wrong during your interview, brush it off and recover. During one particular interview, I was convinced that I had made the biggest idiot of myself and that the interview had gone just terribly. I later found out that my interviewers recommended me unanimously for admission - so it can't have gone too badly!

I hope this helped! I know it's quite long, but I was so nervous before my first interview that I was reading as much advice as I could get my hands on... so maybe some of you made it through. Cheers, and good luck!

SKN , BasicBinImmunology , awvvu and 16 others

10 months later...

wow, what a comprehensive instruction for interview! I have just finished my first interview, and I think I made myself an idiot. But after reading your opinion, maybe it's not that bad, and I have learned something in it. thx~

I have been selected for interview via skype by University of Sciences in philadelphia for cancer Biology PhD program. My interview is next week.

I am pretty much nervous as this is my first interview ever for PhD program, that too on skype. Can anyone please help me to prepare for my interview.

Also how to dress up for this type of interview/

And how do i bring them down to talk about thier own research work?

Anyone there to answer my question?

4 weeks later...

@The Defenestration: great reply! Thank you for instructions and suggestions. Very thoughtful of you.

I think there's no big difference between the questions asked at interviews in US and in EU, so I think my experience(s) could help.

1. Be prepared to be in "tune" with the general sentiment of the interviewer. Certain cultural backgrounds imply more or less of familiarity and closeness. Don't get me wrong, I don't mean to sell stereotypes, but I had an interview with a friendly Italian and a reserved German. So, yeah, I might be biased, but nevertheless, be extra careful and considerate. I actually found a more distanced interviewer more helpful, since it left me enough time and energy (and mental space).

2. Be thoroughly prepared. Refresh your knowledge on the topic, and, needless to say, read the available publications of your prospective team/mentor.

3. Be honest and concise. When faced with so-called "stress questions", respond truthfully. When asked other "unpleasant" questions, as Defenestration pointed out, the aim is not to embarass you or get you. They just want to know you a little bit better, personally.

4. And last, but not least, most labs actually want someone who is pleasant enough to work with, and if you're enthusiastic, imaginitive, and hard-working, all your potential short-comings (e.g. a couple of lower grades, modest practical experience) will be eclipsed. I say this because it might help you or any other interviewee to remain calm and not too self-critical.

@NewLearner:

I hope your interview went fine. As you've probably seen, there's really nothing to be nervous about. And maybe you could also write something about your experience?

I had one interview several years ago, where the PI handed me a pad of paper and asked me to comprehensively document the synthetic transformations that had gone into my undergraduate thesis. It was quite nerve-wracking.

3 years later...

On 5/1/2013 at 9:08 AM, Eigen said: I had one interview several years ago, where the PI handed me a pad of paper and asked me to comprehensively document the synthetic transformations that had gone into my undergraduate thesis. It was quite nerve-wracking.

If someone asked me to do that i'd probably walk out. Jesus.

Wow that's dredging up an old post!

5 years later...

On 5/1/2013 at 6:08 PM, Eigen said: I had one interview several years ago, where the PI handed me a pad of paper and asked me to comprehensively document the synthetic transformations that had gone into my undergraduate thesis. It was quite nerve-wracking.

Here's me dragging it again in 2022. Holy crap I'd have left as well. Were you successful though? Did you get the position?

One major difference between American and European PhDs is that in America you typically apply to a program while in Europe you apply to a specific PhD position at a specific lab.

Story: I had an interview at a lab in France. This was all on zoom.

Was asked to present my thesis to the supervisor followed by some questions - fairly easy. But I was sure I was not going to get it as they had postponed the interview 5 minutes before the start and looked very bored. But a few hrs later I was asked to come for an interview with the PI the following week.

The PI was rude, postponed the interview in the nick of time, was speaking to someone on the phone when I logged on zoom. During the first 5 mins I managed to upset her with something I should have known but didn't. She then grilled me on my family life, saying her students worked 11-13 hrs in her lab not including weekends. Said I needed to finish my Phd in 3 yrs as she was unwilling to fund a 4th. She told me my knowedge was superficial (fair) and I needed to work hard to be in her lab (also fair). Then she started making plans on me visiting France to present my thesis work, explained how I could apply for a visa to do my PhD...etc.

Turns out, I had gotten the PhD position but no one told me explicitly that I had been selected by the supervisor.Anyway, I had to decline. I couldn't get into such a toxic workspace.

All to say that you never know what they will accept I suppose. Try your best. Read up on their work if you're applying to a certain lab. Be well versed in your own work.

P.S I had another interview with a French PI. Didn't do well, didn't get the position but the PI was very kind. These interviews were very focused on the technical and science aspect.

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PhD interview questions

What motivated you to pursue a PhD degree? Answer: I have always been passionate about [insert your field of interest] and wanted to deepen my knowledge and contribute to the advancement of the field. What specific research questions are you interested in exploring during your PhD? Answer: I am interested in exploring [insert specific research questions]. I believe that these questions are important because [explain why they are important]. How do you plan to approach your research? Answer: I plan to approach my research by [insert your research methodology and techniques], and by collaborating with other researchers in the field. How do you plan to manage your time and resources during your PhD? Answer: I plan to create a schedule that allows me to balance my coursework, research, and other responsibilities. I will also make use of resources such as the library, research facilities, and mentorship programs. What are some potential challenges you anticipate in your research? Answer: Some potential challenges I anticipate include [insert potential challenges]. I plan to address these challenges by [insert your plan to address them]. What are your strengths and weaknesses as a researcher? Answer: My strengths as a researcher include [insert your strengths], while my weaknesses include [insert your weaknesses]. I am actively working to improve my weaknesses by [insert how you plan to improve]. How do you plan to contribute to the academic community during your PhD? Answer: I plan to contribute to the academic community by [insert how you plan to contribute], such as by presenting my research at conferences, publishing papers, and participating in academic events. What are some potential ethical considerations in your research? Answer: Some potential ethical considerations in my research include [insert potential ethical considerations], and I plan to address these considerations by [insert your plan to address them]. What are some potential limitations in your research? Answer: Some potential limitations in my research include [insert potential limitations], and I plan to address these limitations by [insert your plan to address them]. How do you plan to measure the success of your research? Answer: I plan to measure the success of my research by [insert your success criteria], such as by achieving specific research objectives, publishing papers, and receiving recognition from the academic community. What skills and experiences do you bring to the PhD program? Answer: I bring [insert your skills and experiences], which I believe will be valuable in pursuing my research and contributing to the academic community. What research methods are you familiar with? Answer: I am familiar with [insert research methods], and I am willing to learn and use new research methods as necessary for my research. What coursework have you completed that is relevant to your research interests? Answer: I have completed coursework in [insert relevant coursework], which I believe has provided me with a strong foundation for my research. How do you plan to collaborate with other researchers in your field? Answer: I plan to collaborate with other researchers in my field by [insert your plan to collaborate], such as by attending conferences, participating in research groups, and seeking mentorship from senior researchers. How do you plan to stay up-to-date with the latest research in your field? Answer: I plan to stay up-to-date with the latest research in my field by [insert your plan to stay up-to-date], such as by subscribing to academic journals, attending conferences, and participating in academic groups.

PhD interview questions and answers

Preparing for a PhD interview can be nerve-wracking, but our PhD interview questions and answers can help ease your anxiety. We provide a comprehensive list of common questions and answers that you may encounter during your interview process. From research methodologies to future plans, our questions and answers cover a range of topics to help you showcase your skills and knowledge. So, read on and get ready to impress your interviewers with our helpful guide! What inspired you to choose this specific institution for your PhD program? Answer: I was impressed by the institution’s reputation in the field, the quality of the faculty, and the opportunities for research and collaboration. How do you plan to balance your research and other responsibilities during your PhD? Answer: I plan to create a schedule that allows me to balance my research with other responsibilities, such as coursework and teaching, and to seek support from my advisors and colleagues. What specific skills and techniques do you hope to gain from your PhD program? Answer: I hope to gain skills and techniques in [insert specific skills and techniques], which I believe will be valuable in pursuing my research and advancing my career. How do you plan to address potential conflicts with your research team or advisors? Answer: I plan to address potential conflicts by communicating openly and respectfully with my team and advisors, seeking mediation if necessary, and focusing on finding constructive solutions. What specific resources and facilities at this institution do you plan to use for your research? Answer: I plan to use [insert specific resources and facilities], which I believe will be essential for conducting my research and contributing to the academic community. How do you plan to approach the process of writing your dissertation? Answer: I plan to approach the process of writing my dissertation by breaking it down into manageable parts, seeking feedback and support from my advisors and colleagues, and staying organized and focused. What are some potential research collaborations you hope to establish during your PhD? Answer: I hope to establish collaborations with [insert potential research collaborations], which I believe will allow me to pursue innovative and impactful research. What is your experience with teaching or mentoring others? Answer: I have [insert your experience with teaching or mentoring], and I plan to continue developing my skills in this area during my PhD program. What specific impact do you hope your research will have on society or the field? Answer: I hope that my research will have [insert specific impact], such as by addressing pressing social or scientific challenges, advancing our understanding of a specific phenomenon, or contributing to the development of new technologies or policies. What are some potential funding opportunities you plan to pursue during your PhD? Answer: I plan to pursue funding opportunities from [insert potential funding sources], such as grants, fellowships, or scholarships, to support my research and professional development. How do you plan to manage potential setbacks or failures in your research? Answer: I plan to manage potential setbacks or failures by remaining resilient and persistent, seeking support and feedback from my advisors and colleagues, and learning from my mistakes. What are some potential collaborations or projects you plan to pursue with faculty or researchers outside your department? Answer: I plan to collaborate with [insert potential collaborators], which I believe will allow me to explore interdisciplinary research questions and contribute to a broader range of academic communities. How do you plan to disseminate the findings of your research? Answer: I plan to disseminate the findings of my research by [insert your plan to disseminate], such as by publishing papers, presenting at conferences, and engaging with the broader public through outreach and media activities. What specific research or teaching opportunities at this institution excite you the most? Answer: I am excited by [insert specific research or teaching opportunities], which I believe will allow me to pursue innovative and impactful research and engage with a diverse range of students and colleagues.

PhD interview questions chemistry

Are you a chemistry PhD applicant preparing for an interview? Our PhD interview questions in chemistry will help you prepare for the types of questions you may encounter. From questions about your research experience to your understanding of key chemical concepts, we cover a range of topics to help you feel confident and prepared. So, read on and get ready to ace your chemistry PhD interview! What specific research areas within chemistry interest you the most? Answer: I am most interested in [insert specific research areas], which I believe will allow me to explore new frontiers in the field and contribute to addressing important scientific and societal challenges. How do you plan to approach the design and synthesis of novel compounds during your research? Answer: I plan to approach the design and synthesis of novel compounds by [insert your plan], such as by utilizing cutting-edge computational tools, optimizing reaction conditions, and collaborating with experts in related fields. What specific analytical techniques do you plan to use in your research? Answer: I plan to use [insert specific analytical techniques], which I believe will allow me to characterize the properties and behavior of the compounds I synthesize and understand the underlying mechanisms of chemical reactions. How do you plan to ensure the reproducibility and reliability of your experimental results? Answer: I plan to ensure the reproducibility and reliability of my experimental results by [insert your plan], such as by implementing rigorous controls, keeping detailed records, and seeking feedback and collaboration from other researchers in the field. What potential applications do you see for your research in industry or other fields? Answer: I see potential applications of my research in [insert potential applications], such as in developing new pharmaceuticals, materials, or energy sources, which I believe will have significant economic and societal impact. How do you plan to address potential safety hazards or environmental concerns in your research? Answer: I plan to address potential safety hazards or environmental concerns in my research by [insert your plan], such as by following established safety protocols, using environmentally friendly reagents and methods, and seeking guidance from safety experts. What specific computational tools or software do you plan to use in your research? Answer: I plan to use [insert specific computational tools or software], which I believe will allow me to design and optimize compounds more efficiently and accurately and understand the underlying mechanisms of chemical reactions. How do you plan to collaborate with other researchers or organizations outside your institution during your research? Answer: I plan to collaborate with [insert potential collaborators], such as industry partners or researchers from other institutions, which I believe will allow me to leverage diverse expertise and resources and enhance the impact of my research. What specific challenges or barriers do you anticipate encountering during your research? Answer: I anticipate encountering challenges such as [insert specific challenges], such as optimizing difficult reactions or obtaining access to specialized equipment, and plan to address them by [insert your plan], such as seeking support from colleagues or developing alternative approaches. What specific skills or techniques do you hope to develop during your PhD program? Answer: I hope to develop skills and techniques in [insert specific skills or techniques], such as advanced spectroscopic methods or computational modeling, which I believe will be essential for pursuing my research and advancing my career. How do you plan to approach the process of publishing your research? Answer: I plan to approach the process of publishing my research by [insert your plan], such as identifying suitable journals and co-authors, writing clear and impactful papers, and responding to feedback from reviewers. What specific resources or equipment at this institution do you plan to use in your research? Answer: I plan to use [insert specific resources or equipment], such as high-performance computing clusters or specialized instrumentation, which I believe will be essential for conducting my research and contributing to the academic community.

PhD interview questions mathematics

Preparing for a mathematics PhD interview can be daunting, but our PhD interview questions in mathematics can help you feel confident and prepared. Our comprehensive list of common questions covers a range of topics, from your understanding of mathematical concepts to your research experience and future plans. So, read on and get ready to showcase your skills and knowledge in your mathematics PhD interview! What area(s) of mathematics do you find most interesting, and why? Answer: I am particularly interested in [insert specific area(s) of mathematics], as I find the concepts and problems in these areas to be intellectually stimulating and challenging. Can you describe a research project that you have worked on in the past? Answer: During my undergraduate studies, I worked on a research project involving [insert specific topic], which allowed me to apply mathematical concepts and techniques to address a real-world problem and gain experience in mathematical modeling and data analysis. How do you plan to approach the formulation and proof of mathematical theorems during your research? Answer: I plan to approach the formulation and proof of mathematical theorems by [insert your plan], such as by developing a clear understanding of the problem, exploring possible techniques and methods, and seeking feedback and collaboration from other mathematicians. What mathematical tools or software do you plan to use in your research? Answer: I plan to use [insert specific mathematical tools or software], which I believe will allow me to analyze and solve mathematical problems more efficiently and accurately and explore new areas of mathematical research. How do you plan to address potential challenges or obstacles in your research? Answer: I plan to address potential challenges or obstacles in my research by [insert your plan], such as by seeking guidance and advice from my advisor and colleagues, exploring alternative approaches, and persisting through setbacks and difficulties. What potential applications do you see for your research in industry or other fields? Answer: Although my research is primarily focused on pure mathematics, I see potential applications in [insert potential applications], such as in developing more efficient algorithms or solving problems in cryptography, which may have important practical implications. How do you plan to collaborate with other mathematicians or organizations outside your institution during your research? Answer: I plan to collaborate with [insert potential collaborators], such as other mathematicians in my field or researchers from other institutions or industries, which I believe will allow me to leverage diverse expertise and resources and enhance the impact of my research. What specific challenges or barriers do you anticipate encountering during your research? Answer: I anticipate encountering challenges such as [insert specific challenges], such as working with complex mathematical structures or grappling with abstract concepts, and plan to address them by [insert your plan], such as seeking support from colleagues or developing alternative approaches. What specific skills or techniques do you hope to develop during your PhD program? Answer: I hope to develop skills and techniques in [insert specific skills or techniques], such as advanced proof techniques or computational algebra, which I believe will be essential for pursuing my research and advancing my career. How do you plan to approach the process of publishing your research? Answer: I plan to approach the process of publishing my research by [insert your plan], such as identifying suitable journals and co-authors, writing clear and impactful papers, and responding to feedback from reviewers. What specific resources or software at this institution do you plan to use in your research? Answer: I plan to use [insert specific resources or software], such as specialized libraries or computational resources, which I believe will be essential for conducting my research and contributing to the academic community. What potential impact do you see your research having on the field of mathematics? Answer: I see potential impact of my research in [insert potential impact], such as advancing our understanding of fundamental mathematical principles or developing new approaches to solve important problems in mathematics and related fields.

PhD interview questions physics

If you’re a physics PhD applicant preparing for an interview, our PhD interview questions in physics can help you prepare for the types of questions you may encounter. Our questions cover a range of topics, from your understanding of fundamental physics concepts to your research experience and future plans. So, read on and get ready to ace your physics PhD interview with our helpful guide! What area(s) of physics do you find most interesting, and why? Answer: I am particularly interested in [insert specific area(s) of physics], as I find the concepts and phenomena in these areas to be fascinating and have the potential to lead to significant advancements in our understanding of the physical universe. Can you describe a research project that you have worked on in the past? Answer: During my undergraduate studies, I worked on a research project involving [insert specific topic], which allowed me to gain experience in experimental design, data analysis, and problem-solving in physics. How do you plan to approach the formulation and testing of hypotheses during your research? Answer: I plan to approach the formulation and testing of hypotheses by [insert your plan], such as developing a clear understanding of the problem, designing experiments to test specific hypotheses, and analyzing and interpreting the results to draw conclusions. What experimental techniques or equipment do you plan to use in your research? Answer: I plan to use [insert specific experimental techniques or equipment], which I believe will allow me to conduct experiments more accurately and efficiently and explore new areas of physics research. How do you plan to address potential challenges or obstacles in your research? Answer: I plan to address potential challenges or obstacles in my research by [insert your plan], such as seeking guidance and advice from my advisor and colleagues, exploring alternative approaches, and persisting through setbacks and difficulties. What potential applications do you see for your research in industry or other fields? Answer: Although my research is primarily focused on fundamental physics, I see potential applications in [insert potential applications], such as in developing more efficient and accurate measurement techniques or understanding the behavior of materials in extreme conditions. How do you plan to collaborate with other physicists or organizations outside your institution during your research? Answer: I plan to collaborate with [insert potential collaborators], such as other physicists in my field or researchers from other institutions or industries, which I believe will allow me to leverage diverse expertise and resources and enhance the impact of my research. What specific challenges or barriers do you anticipate encountering during your research? Answer: I anticipate encountering challenges such as [insert specific challenges], such as working with complex experimental setups or analyzing large datasets, and plan to address them by [insert your plan], such as seeking support from colleagues or developing alternative approaches. What specific skills or techniques do you hope to develop during your PhD program? Answer: I hope to develop skills and techniques in [insert specific skills or techniques], such as advanced experimental design or computational physics, which I believe will be essential for pursuing my research and advancing my career. How do you plan to approach the process of publishing your research? Answer: I plan to approach the process of publishing my research by [insert your plan], such as identifying suitable journals and co-authors, writing clear and impactful papers, and responding to feedback from reviewers. What specific resources or software at this institution do you plan to use in your research? Answer: I plan to use [insert specific resources or software], such as specialized labs or computational resources, which I believe will be essential for conducting my research and contributing to the academic community. What potential impact do you see your research having on the field of physics? Answer: I see potential impact of my research in [insert potential impact], such as advancing our understanding of fundamental physical principles or developing new technologies based on novel physical phenomena.

PhD interview questions computer science

Preparing for a computer science PhD interview can be overwhelming, but our PhD interview questions in computer science can help you feel confident and prepared. Our questions cover a range of topics, from algorithms and programming languages to research experience and future plans. So, read on and get ready to showcase your skills and knowledge in your computer science PhD interview! Can you describe a research project you have worked on in the past, and what you learned from it? Answer: During my undergraduate studies, I worked on a project involving [insert specific topic], which allowed me to gain experience in [insert specific skills or techniques], and helped me to develop a deeper understanding of [insert specific area of computer science]. What specific research questions are you interested in pursuing in your PhD program? Answer: I am interested in pursuing research questions related to [insert specific research questions], as I believe they have the potential to contribute to [insert specific contribution or impact]. How do you plan to approach the formulation and testing of hypotheses during your research? Answer: I plan to approach the formulation and testing of hypotheses by [insert your plan], such as conducting literature reviews, designing experiments, collecting data, analyzing and interpreting results, and seeking feedback from advisors and colleagues. What techniques or methods do you plan to use in your research? Answer: I plan to use [insert specific techniques or methods], which I believe will allow me to conduct research more accurately and efficiently, and explore new areas of computer science research. What potential applications do you see for your research in industry or other fields? Answer: Although my research is primarily focused on fundamental computer science, I see potential applications in [insert potential applications], such as in developing new algorithms, improving cybersecurity, or enhancing artificial intelligence. How do you plan to collaborate with other computer scientists or organizations outside your institution during your research? Answer: I plan to collaborate with [insert potential collaborators], such as other computer scientists in my field or researchers from other institutions or industries, which I believe will allow me to leverage diverse expertise and resources and enhance the impact of my research. What specific challenges or barriers do you anticipate encountering during your research? Answer: I anticipate encountering challenges such as [insert specific challenges], such as working with large data sets, developing new algorithms, or debugging complex code, and plan to address them by [insert your plan], such as seeking support from colleagues or developing alternative approaches. What specific skills or techniques do you hope to develop during your PhD program? Answer: I hope to develop skills and techniques in [insert specific skills or techniques], such as machine learning or cybersecurity, which I believe will be essential for pursuing my research and advancing my career. What specific resources or software at this institution do you plan to use in your research? Answer: I plan to use [insert specific resources or software], such as specialized labs or computational resources, which I believe will be essential for conducting my research and contributing to the academic community. How do you plan to approach the process of publishing your research? Answer: I plan to approach the process of publishing my research by [insert your plan], such as identifying suitable conferences or journals, writing clear and impactful papers, and responding to feedback from reviewers. What specific courses or seminars do you plan to take during your PhD program? Answer: I plan to take courses or seminars in [insert specific courses or seminars], which I believe will be essential for building a strong foundation in computer science and exploring new areas of research. What potential impact do you see your research having on the field of computer science? Answer: I see potential impact of my research in [insert potential impact], such as advancing our understanding of fundamental computer science principles, improving the efficiency of algorithms, or enhancing the security of computer systems. Also check – Apple Interview Questions / Web API Interview Questions

PhD interview questions biology

If you’re a biology PhD applicant preparing for an interview, our PhD interview questions in biology can help you prepare for the types of questions you may encounter. Our questions cover a range of topics, from your understanding of biological concepts to your research experience and future plans. So, read on and get ready to ace your biology PhD interview with our helpful guide! Can you describe a research project you have worked on in the past, and what you learned from it? Answer: During my undergraduate studies, I worked on a project involving [insert specific topic], which allowed me to gain experience in [insert specific skills or techniques], and helped me to develop a deeper understanding of [insert specific area of biology]. What specific research questions are you interested in pursuing in your PhD program? Answer: I am interested in pursuing research questions related to [insert specific research questions], as I believe they have the potential to contribute to [insert specific contribution or impact]. How do you plan to approach the formulation and testing of hypotheses during your research? Answer: I plan to approach the formulation and testing of hypotheses by [insert your plan], such as conducting literature reviews, designing experiments, collecting data, analyzing and interpreting results, and seeking feedback from advisors and colleagues. What techniques or methods do you plan to use in your research? Answer: I plan to use [insert specific techniques or methods], which I believe will allow me to conduct research more accurately and efficiently, and explore new areas of biology research. What potential applications do you see for your research in industry or other fields? Answer: Although my research is primarily focused on fundamental biology, I see potential applications in [insert potential applications], such as in developing new drugs or therapies, improving agriculture, or enhancing our understanding of diseases. How do you plan to collaborate with other biologists or organizations outside your institution during your research? Answer: I plan to collaborate with [insert potential collaborators], such as other biologists in my field or researchers from other institutions or industries, which I believe will allow me to leverage diverse expertise and resources and enhance the impact of my research. In summary, the journey of preparing for a PhD interview can indeed be intimidating, but with our meticulously crafted list of questions and answers, you can approach it with confidence and readiness. Regardless of your field of study—whether it’s chemistry, mathematics, physics, computer science, biology, or any other discipline—our comprehensive compilation covers a broad spectrum of topics to help you effectively showcase your expertise and capabilities. By dedicating time to review these questions and honing your responses, you’ll be well-equipped to impress your interviewers and enhance your chances of securing admission to your desired PhD program. So, commit to thorough preparation, engage in ample practice, and above all, remain authentic during your interview. Wishing you the best of luck on your journey!

Author: Aamir Khan

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Helen Zahos thought she was poor until a school social experiment revealed she was 'well off'

Topic: Personal Finance

Helen smiles and wears bright blue scrubs while standing in the hallway of a hospital.

Helen Zahos has been a nurse for more than two decades. ( Supplied: Helen Zahos )

It's Pay Day! The ABC's new column where we ask Australians from different walks of life the money questions we don't like to talk about. We aim to demystify personal finance and normalise conversations about what we earn and how we save it — or spend it.

Helen Zahos is a humanitarian and emergency nurse and paramedic who's volunteered in disaster areas around the world, including Iraq's IDP Camps, in Nepal after the earthquake and the Philippines following the typhoon. She has also volunteered in Ukraine and earlier this year spent three months in Kenya.

Helen grew up on Groote Eylandt, a remote Island in the Northern Territory, and completed her nursing and paramedic studies in Darwin. She's now returning to student life, and recently moved to Melbourne to study a PhD at the Monash University Accident Research Centre.

For Pay Day, Helen talks about how volunteering overseas has changed her perspective on her own finances and how, over time, she's learned how not to get caught up comparing herself to others.

How would you describe your financial situation right now?

I'm tempted to say that it's not great. However, with all the humanitarian work I've done around the world, I'm very aware of the privilege that I have. I've recently become a student again, which will have its challenges financially. I have been awarded a scholarship which is fantastic, but my income has dramatically decreased.

How was money spoken about in your house growing up?

Growing up, money was a taboo subject — even now being asked these questions, I initially felt quite uncomfortable.

My parents came from very humble beginnings: a poor village in Greece where tobacco farming was the main source of income. I was reminded of that every time I went back to Greece and my parents would make me go with my cousins to pick tobacco at 3:30am, before they went to school. My father wanted me to experience hardship and show me what my life could have looked like.

Helen sits on a large block of cement near a pile of sandbags.

Helen Zahos says volunteering overseas has given her perspective on how privileged she really is. ( Supplied: Helen Zahos )

Living on Groote Eylandt, coming from Greek migrant parents, I honestly didn't know what kind of financial status we had. I always thought we were poor — other families drove fancier cars or lived in bigger houses.

That was until a social experiment at school where we were asked to line up according to what jobs our parents had, what cars they drove, what trips you went on.

I realised I was standing among the kids I thought were well off. When I spoke to kids around me who didn't have lunch packed or clean clothes for school, that's when the penny really dropped. I never had to worry about those things; it was just a given. That is what privilege looks like.

What did you spend your first pay cheque on?

Actually, I didn't spend anything with my first pay cheque! I was 12 or 13 when I started working at a local corner store, while I was still living at home. But from my first pay to when I left home after I completed university, I would always hand my pay over to my mum who then made sure it went into a bank account. By the time it was time for me to leave home at the end of uni [in the late 90s], I had a deposit to buy a house.

Helen Zahos says she used to compare herself to other people when she was younger. ( Supplied: Helen Zahos )

About how much of your income goes towards your rent or mortgage each week?

I can't really give you an exact amount. I know that interest rates increased while I was away volunteering in Kenya, I think perhaps half of my pay goes towards my mortgage? It will be interesting to see what happens now with the change in my financial situation — I am bracing myself!

What has been your biggest financial disaster?

I was at a stage in my life where I was looking to try other ways of investing money other than property. It was when my father passed away and I was distracted and grieving that a close family friend of ours, who was working as a share broker, encouraged me to invest in shares through her business. She convinced not only me, but a number of other people to invest large sums of money with her.

Several months went by and I asked to withdraw my money as I was not working after my dad passed away. Suddenly our friend's behaviour changed; she stopped answering her phone, faked a cancer scare and other ailments, and then disappeared. It turned out she was running a Ponzi scheme. I had never even heard of the term.

She did get caught and went to jail, but I never saw that money again. I haven't thought about that incident for years. I know one thing, though: I could have really used that money right now, it would have made my life so much easier.

Cash or card?

It seems everything is card or phone or watch these days. I intentionally carry cash and try to use it when I can. In Kenya, we were completely cashless and used M-PESA [a mobile money service]. In Ukraine during the conflict, when power and internet were cut and ATMs were empty, cash was a must.

Helen stands in front of a civilian apartment building, with windows that have been scorched black by shelling.

Helen Zahos, pictured in Ukraine, has volunteered in disaster zones around the world. ( Supplied: Helen Zahos )

I guess it's all relative to my surroundings, but I am definitely in favour of keeping cash circulating. I have seen what living is like if there is none available or accessible.

How many bank accounts do you have? How do you organise your money?

I have about three or four: one for my salary or money coming in, so I can keep track of it; one for investments so I know what is happening there; and one offset account linked to a home loan. I don't trust my spending so I make sure I only have a $1,000 limit on my credit card.

What are you saving for right now and how are you doing it?

Right now I'm just putting money away so that I can keep up with mortgage repayments with this new position at Monash University. I'm looking at a significant drop in pay and am navigating around that. I am literally two days [at time of writing] into that position and it's all new beginnings but I'm not saving for anything in particular — it's just about survival right now!

What's the biggest lie you tell yourself about money?

I think the biggest lie I tell myself is that I don't have enough or that I'm doing it hard, and that's actually not the case. I'm reminded of this when I'm in disaster areas or a humanitarian crisis, or even just walking down the street and seeing people sleeping on the streets and doing it tough. I'm actually in a good position right now and I'm doing OK but there are so many people out there who are not.

Helen wears a high-vis vest while talking to three other volunteers, standing amid ruined buildings and debris.

Helen Zahos (left) says she's had the privilige of meeting some amazing people through her work. ( Supplied: Helen Zahos )

What's your biggest financial achievement?

I paid my first house off in my early 20s. I worked two to three jobs and my goal was to work as hard as I could to pay that house off. However, my goals then shifted from financial goals to personal goals. People are often surprised when they ask, "What are your goals or five-year plan?" and I respond with, "Write a book or do a PhD". For many years the focus of my long-term goals has not been financial.

If you could tell 18-year-old you one thing about money, what would it be?

Negotiate with the banks on your mortgage interest rates frequently. Otherwise, 18-year-old me did a pretty good job under the guidance of my parents and following their advice.

I would say though, don't get caught up in what other people around you have and stop comparing yourself to others. Richness comes in many different forms; mine has been in travel and having the privilege to meet some amazing people when they are at their most vulnerable through my volunteer work.

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Online Master of Science in Safety Engineering

This program teaches the principles and practices of safety engineering for leadership careers in industry and is intended to meet an identified industry need for continuing education for its professionals. The industry is in a state of unprecedented growth, wherein technology advancements are ever changing and even the most recent graduates need continued education training and knowledge in order to succeed.

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Advance your career with our Engineering Online program! Backed by the university's esteemed reputation and national recognition in engineering education, you'll engage directly with industry leaders and a rigorous curriculum. Beyond graduation, tap into the extensive Aggie Alumni Network, offering invaluable connections to propel your career forward.

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Degree Details

The MS SENG requires a minimum of 32 credit hours of approved coursework and research. Of those hours, 16 credit hours are required for core coursework while the remaining 16 credit hours consist of a combination of research, directed studies, and electives. All credit requirements can be fulfilled via both in-person learning or online (distance) education.

Course Information

Core coursework requirement (16 credit hours)

15 credit hours – five mandatory courses
1 credit hour – safety seminar

Other requirements (16 credit hours)

9 credit hours – three elective courses
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Track A: Applied research (thesis-based program) OR
Track B: Directed studies (project-based program) OR
Track C: additional elective courses (course-based program)

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The prerequisite for the MS SENG is a bachelor's in engineering.

The university computes GPR (Grade Point Ratio) on a four-point scale for each applicant. Generally, a minimum GPR of 3.0 is required to be considered for admission into the graduate program. While there is no minimum GRE score required, the scores are competitive based on the pool of applicants.

The university requires all international graduate students whose native language is not English to fulfill an English proficiency requirement. Verification of English proficiency can be achieved by a Test of English as a Foreign Language (TOEFL) score of at least 550 paper-based, 213 computer-based, 79-80 internet-based or GRE Verbal score of 146. Those graduate applicants not verified must take the English Language Proficiency Examination (ELPE) prior to registering for courses in their first semester. The ELPE evaluates English skills in the area of grammar, vocabulary, reading, listening, written composition, and oral communication. The English Language Institute (ELI) administers the ELPE as well as offering English courses in these areas.

The safety engineering program considers various factors when making the graduate admission decisions, such as quality of institutions previously attended, content of past academic work, work experience in safety domain, letters of recommendation, applicant’s statement of purpose, and writing samples.

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SQL Questions For Data Analyst Interview

This guide categorizes SQL interview questions into three levels of difficulty: easy, medium, and hard. By exploring these questions, you’ll gain a comprehensive understanding of the SQL skills required for data analysis roles. Whether you are preparing for an upcoming interview or looking to refine your SQL expertise, this curated list will help you navigate the complexities of SQL and enhance your analytical capabilities.

Table of Content

Basic SQL For Data Analyst Interview Questions

Medium sql question for data analyst interview, hard sql question for data analyst interview questions, 1. what is sql, and what is its purpose in data analysis.

SQL (Structured Query Language) is a standard language for managing and manipulating relational databases. It allows analysts to query, update, and manage data effectively, which is crucial for data analysis tasks.

2. How do you retrieve all columns from a table named sales ?

Example: "SELECT * FROM sales;"

3. Write a SQL query to select distinct values from a column named product_category .

Example: "SELECT DISTINCT product_category FROM sales;"

4. How do you filter records in SQL? Provide an example.

Use the WHERE clause to filter records based on specific conditions.

Example: "SELECT * FROM sales WHERE amount > 1000;"

5. Explain the GROUP BY clause and provide an example.

The GROUP BY clause is used to aggregate rows that have the same values in specified columns.

Example: "SELECT product_category, SUM(amount) FROM sales GROUP BY product_category;"

6. What is the purpose of the HAVING clause? How does it differ from WHERE ?

HAVING is used to filter groups after aggregation, while WHERE filters rows before aggregation.

Example: "SELECT product_category, SUM(amount) FROM sales GROUP BY product_category HAVING SUM(amount) > 5000;"

7. How do you sort the results of a query?

Use the ORDER BY clause to sort results in ascending or descending order.

Example: "SELECT * FROM sales ORDER BY amount DESC;"

8. Write a query to find the total sales amount for each product.

Example: "SELECT product_name, SUM(amount) FROM sales GROUP BY product_name;"

9. What is the difference between INNER JOIN and LEFT JOIN ?

INNER JOIN returns rows with matching values in both tables, while LEFT JOIN returns all rows from the left table and matched rows from the right table, with unmatched rows from the right table filled with NULLs.

INNER JOIN Example: "SELECT sales.product_name, products.price FROM sales INNER JOIN products ON sales.product_id = products.product_id;"
LEFT JOIN Example: "SELECT sales.product_name, products.price FROM sales LEFT JOIN products ON sales.product_id = products.product_id;"

10. How do you find the top 5 highest sales amounts?

Example: "SELECT amount FROM sales ORDER BY amount DESC LIMIT 5;"

11. What is a subquery, and how can you use it in the WHERE clause?

A subquery is a query within another query used to perform operations based on the results of the outer query.

Example: "SELECT product_name FROM sales WHERE amount > (SELECT AVG(amount) FROM sales);"

12. Explain the concept of a CROSS JOIN .

A CROSS JOIN returns the Cartesian product of two tables, where each row in the first table is combined with each row in the second table.

Example: "SELECT * FROM products CROSS JOIN categories;"

13. How do you calculate the average of a column?

Use the AVG() function to calculate the average value.

Example: "SELECT AVG(amount) FROM sales;"

14. What is the purpose of the COUNT() function? Provide an example.

The COUNT() function returns the number of rows that match a specified condition.

Example: "SELECT COUNT(*) FROM sales WHERE product_category = 'Electronics';"

15. Write a query to find the minimum and maximum sales amounts.

Example: "SELECT MIN(amount) AS MinAmount, MAX(amount) AS MaxAmount FROM sales;"

16. How do you update records in a table?

Use the UPDATE statement to modify existing records.

Example: "UPDATE sales SET amount = amount * 1.1 WHERE product_name = 'Laptop';"

17. Explain the CASE statement and provide an example.

The CASE statement allows for conditional logic in SQL queries.

Example: "SELECT product_name, CASE WHEN amount > 1000 THEN 'High' ELSE 'Low' END AS sales_category FROM sales;"

18. How do you handle NULL values in SQL queries?

Use functions like IS NULL , IS NOT NULL , or COALESCE() to handle NULL values.

Example: "SELECT COALESCE(discount, 0) FROM sales;"

19. What is the LIMIT clause used for? Provide an example.

The LIMIT clause restricts the number of rows returned by a query.

Example: "SELECT * FROM sales LIMIT 10;"

20. How do you use the JOIN clause to combine data from multiple tables?

Use JOIN to combine rows from two or more tables based on related columns.

Example: "SELECT orders.order_id, customers.customer_name FROM orders JOIN customers ON orders.customer_id = customers.customer_id;"

21. What is a self-join? Provide an example.

A self-join is a join where a table is joined with itself. It is useful for hierarchical data.

Example: "SELECT e1.employee_name AS Employee, e2.employee_name AS Manager FROM employees e1 LEFT JOIN employees e2 ON e1.manager_id = e2.employee_id;"

22. Explain the UNION and UNION ALL operators.

UNION combines the results of two queries and removes duplicates. UNION ALL combines results without removing duplicates.

UNION Example: "SELECT product_name FROM sales UNION SELECT product_name FROM returns;"
UNION ALL Example: "SELECT product_name FROM sales UNION ALL SELECT product_name FROM returns;"

23. How do you find duplicate records in a table?

Use the GROUP BY clause with HAVING COUNT(*) > 1 to find duplicates.

Example: "SELECT product_name, COUNT(*) FROM sales GROUP BY product_name HAVING COUNT(*) > 1;"

24. What is a window function? Provide an example.

Window functions perform calculations across a set of table rows related to the current row, such as running totals or rankings.

Example: "SELECT product_name, amount, RANK() OVER (ORDER BY amount DESC) AS rank FROM sales;"

25. How do you calculate a running total in SQL?

Use the SUM() window function with an appropriate OVER clause.

Example: "SELECT order_date, amount, SUM(amount) OVER (ORDER BY order_date) AS running_total FROM orders;"

26. How do you use the EXISTS clause in SQL?

The EXISTS clause checks if a subquery returns any rows.

Example: "SELECT product_name FROM sales WHERE EXISTS (SELECT * FROM returns WHERE returns.product_id = sales.product_id);"

27. Explain the difference between WHERE and HAVING clauses.

WHERE filters rows before aggregation, while HAVING filters groups after aggregation.

WHERE Example: "SELECT * FROM sales WHERE amount > 1000;"
HAVING Example: "SELECT product_name, SUM(amount) FROM sales GROUP BY product_name HAVING SUM(amount) > 5000;"

28. How do you find the number of orders per customer?

Example: "SELECT customer_id, COUNT(order_id) FROM orders GROUP BY customer_id;"

29. What is a TEMPORARY table, and how is it used?

A TEMPORARY table is a table that exists temporarily during a session and is dropped automatically when the session ends.

Example: "CREATE TEMPORARY TABLE temp_sales AS SELECT * FROM sales WHERE amount > 1000;"

30. How do you use the ALTER TABLE statement?

The ALTER TABLE statement modifies an existing table structure, such as adding or dropping columns.

Example: "ALTER TABLE sales ADD COLUMN discount DECIMAL(10, 2);"

31. What is normalization, and why is it important?

Normalization is the process of organizing data to reduce redundancy and improve data integrity. It ensures that the database is efficient and maintains consistency.

32. How do you perform a bulk insert of data into a table?

Use the INSERT INTO ... VALUES statement with multiple values or a bulk loading utility.

Multiple values Example: "INSERT INTO sales (product_name, amount) VALUES ('Laptop', 1200), ('Smartphone', 800);"
Bulk load Example (MySQL): "LOAD DATA INFILE 'file_path.csv' INTO TABLE sales FIELDS TERMINATED BY ',';"

33. Explain the concept of indexing and its benefits.

Indexing improves the speed of data retrieval operations on a table by creating a data structure that allows quick lookups.

34. How do you create an index on a table?

Use the CREATE INDEX statement to create an index on one or more columns.

Example: "CREATE INDEX idx_product_name ON sales(product_name);"

35. What are some common performance optimization techniques in SQL?

Common techniques include using indexes, optimizing queries, reducing the use of subqueries, and ensuring efficient joins.

36. How do you use the EXPLAIN statement to analyze query performance?

The EXPLAIN statement provides information about how a query is executed, including the order of operations and the use of indexes.

Example: "EXPLAIN SELECT * FROM sales WHERE amount > 1000;"

37. What is the purpose of the COALESCE() function?

The COALESCE() function returns the first non-NULL value from a list of arguments.

38. How do you calculate the percentage of total sales for each product?

Use a combination of SUM() and a window function to calculate the percentage.

Example: "SELECT product_name, SUM(amount) AS total_sales, (SUM(amount) / SUM(SUM(amount)) OVER ()) * 100 AS percentage FROM sales GROUP BY product_name;"

39. What is a VIEW , and how do you create one?

A VIEW is a virtual table based on the result of a query. It simplifies complex queries and enhances security.

Example: "CREATE VIEW high_value_sales AS SELECT * FROM sales WHERE amount > 1000;"

40. How do you use the DROP TABLE statement?

The DROP TABLE statement deletes an entire table and its data from the database.

Example: "DROP TABLE old_sales;"

41. What is the difference between DELETE and TRUNCATE ?

DELETE removes rows from a table based on a condition and can be rolled back, while TRUNCATE removes all rows from a table and cannot be rolled back.

DELETE Example: "DELETE FROM sales WHERE amount < 500;"
TRUNCATE Example: "TRUNCATE TABLE sales;"

42. How do you find the median value of a column in SQL?

Finding the median requires sorting and using window functions.

Example: "WITH OrderedSales AS (SELECT amount, ROW_NUMBER() OVER (ORDER BY amount) AS rn, COUNT(*) OVER () AS total_count FROM sales) SELECT AVG(amount) AS median FROM OrderedSales WHERE rn IN ((total_count + 1) / 2, (total_count + 2) / 2);"

43. What is the RANK() function, and how is it used?

The RANK() function assigns a rank to each row within a partition of the result set, with gaps in rank values if there are ties.

44. How do you perform a JOIN with multiple tables?

You can join more than two tables by chaining JOIN operations.

Example: "SELECT orders.order_id, customers.customer_name, products.product_name FROM orders JOIN customers ON orders.customer_id = customers.customer_id JOIN products ON orders.product_id = products.product_id;"

45. What is a TEMPORARY table, and when would you use it?

A TEMPORARY table is used to store intermediate results temporarily during a session, useful for complex queries or batch processing.

46. How do you retrieve the last N records from a table?

Use the ORDER BY clause with LIMIT to get the last N records.

Example: "SELECT * FROM sales ORDER BY sale_date DESC LIMIT 10;"

47. Explain the DATEPART() function with an example.

DATEPART() extracts a specific part (e.g., year, month) from a date.

Example: "SELECT DATEPART(year, sale_date) AS sale_year FROM sales;"

48. How do you use JOIN to include rows with no match in one of the tables?

Use a LEFT JOIN or RIGHT JOIN to include rows from one table even if there are no matching rows in the other table.

Example: "SELECT employees.name, departments.department_name FROM employees LEFT JOIN departments ON employees.department_id = departments.department_id;"

49. How can you calculate the difference between two dates in SQL?

Use date functions to calculate the difference between two dates.

Example: "SELECT DATEDIFF(day, start_date, end_date) AS date_difference FROM projects;"

50. What is the difference between CHAR and VARCHAR data types?

CHAR is a fixed-length string, while VARCHAR is a variable-length string. CHAR uses the specified length for all values, padding with spaces if needed, whereas VARCHAR only uses the space needed for each value.

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Blockchain as a carbon market fix: Interview with William ten Zijthoff, Flávia De Souza Mendes & Maximilian Rösgen

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Satellite and blockchain technology could be combined to address the lack of transparency and accountability in the carbon market, according to a recently published report.
The report suggests that while satellite imagery can provide data in real time, blockchain technology could be used to ensure that the data are accessible, transparent and not tampered with.
The combination of the two technologies, according to the report, could also be used to improve traceability and ensure compliance with deforestation regulations.
The complicated nature of blockchain technology, the lack of regulatory infrastructure and high energy consumption are likely causing skepticism and relatively slower uptake for its application in environmental monitoring.

Can satellites and blockchain technology solve the woes of the beleaguered carbon market?

Although challenges abound, there’s potential ahead, according to a new report . Published as a collaboration between Earth imaging company Planet, carbon credit company Carbify, and the think tank European Carbon Offset Tokenization Association (ECOTA), the report delves into how the two technologies could potentially help address the issues of transparency and accountability that pervade the carbon market.

“The sustainability and carbon market has a very deep-rooted integrity problem,” Maximilian Rösgen, communications officer at ECOTA and one of the authors of the report, told Mongabay in a video interview. “We wanted to explore how we can use technologies to make it more transparent and to scale it as per institutional demand.”

Satellites have long been used to monitor and estimate environmental degradation in real time. High-resolution satellite imagery has helped scientists, conservationists and authorities identify deforestation, detect illegal roads, and keep track of wildlife in various ecosystems. Blockchain technology, on the other hand, has found applications in fields like finance and retail. Owing to its immutable nature, data stored on blockchain can’t be altered or tampered with. To date, however, it has found limited use in environmental monitoring.

Together, though, the two technologies could be put to good use, according to the report. While satellites could continuously monitor changes in forest cover at regular frequencies, people can access alerts and other information on smart contracts — agreements signed and stored on the blockchain and executed automatically when the terms of the agreement are met. The report also proposes that blockchain technology could be used to store satellite imagery in a decentralized manner, keeping people from altering or hiding the images as part of environmental crimes.

Outside of the carbon market, satellites and blockchain technology could also be used to maintain traceability and ensure compliance with a growing slew of regulations, like the European Union’s new regulation on deforestation-free products, or EUDR, that target deforestation in global supply chains.

“I need to know if the coffee I’m drinking is deforestation-free,” Flávia De Souza Mendes, program manager at Planet, told Mongabay in a video interview. “Similarly, I need to know that I’m buying a good carbon credit without needing to pay three companies to validate or verify if it’s really good.”

Blockchain technology, however, has seen slower uptake, likely due to how complicated it is. It’s also notorious for its high energy consumption, a criticism that the report suggests people in the industry should look into and potentially overcome by adopting energy-efficient systems.

Oil palm estate and rainforest in Malaysian Borneo.

Mongabay’s Abhishyant Kidangoor spoke with Flávia De Souza Mendes, Maximilian Rösgen and William ten Zijthoff, co-founder of Carbify, about the potential that the technology holds, how it can be applied on the ground, and why adoption has been slow. The following interview has been lightly edited for length and clarity.

Mongabay: Your report looks into combining satellites and blockchain technology for better environmental monitoring, especially in the context of carbon markets. What was the motivation behind this?

Flávia De Souza Mendes: The need to put satellites together with blockchain technology, it’s increasing, especially in big financial institutions. They are requesting to have more what they call “real-world assets.” That means, bringing real problems like real estate or environmental crimes into the blockchain.

People have an idea about satellites, but not so much about blockchains. This report is meant to be very introductory. The first time I heard about blockchain a few years ago, I was thinking, “OK, what is that? What does it exactly mean?” This report is an introduction because in the field of blockchain, it’s very much focused on the experts. And we want to make it more actionable and more visible for people who have no idea about blockchain, like myself.

Maximilian Rösgen: The sustainability and carbon market have a very deep-rooted integrity problem. Carbon credits, for example, have to be valid. When I talk to financial institutions, they only have this bitcoin framework in their head. But blockchain is more than bitcoin. What we tried with this report is to explore how we can use new technologies that, in and of itself, may not be native to the sustainability market to solve deep-rooted problems that we have in the market to make it more transparent and to scale it as per institutional demand.

Satellite image of savanna and forest mosiac in the Congo Basin, including recently burned areas.

Mongabay: What gaps are you seeing in the market that could potentially be resolved by the combination of these two technologies?

Maximilian Rösgen: When I talk to financial institutions, they ask me, “If I buy a carbon credit, for example, for part of a forest in South Africa, how do I know that the forest is still existing and developing as set by the methodology of a carbon project?” I could say, “Hey, you can buy a flight ticket there or hire scientists and put them on a plane to do the research on the site.” But there are cheaper, faster and more reliable ways to actually do it. We could try to connect the technologies with blockchain as the final ledger where all of this data is then settled on.

Flávia De Souza Mendes: There’s a lot of criticism on the methodology of carbon markets that’s principally related to verifiers. Being able to use satellite images in a smart contract, for example, will allow you to see the changes and keep track.

A very big problem that we have with carbon projects is how frequently certifiers go to the field and check if the carbon is still there. If you look at some of the famous certifiers, it’s sometimes between three or four years. Anything can happen within three years. If you have satellite images, daily, weekly or even monthly, you could look at it in a smart contract. So the person who has bought the credits can check if the forest is still there and do something about it instead of waiting for something to happen. Satellite imagery is a very important piece of the puzzle when we think about transparency and being actionable. Blockchain offers an immutable ledger. Everyone can see it and that’s what makes it more transparent.

William ten Zijthoff: When we started Carbify, I found it very weird that nobody was asking where the carbon was coming from. We have companies in Europe that sell carbon credits and when you buy them and ask where they are from, they will say somewhere in Brazil or South Africa. We wanted to create transparent carbon offsets linking each kilo of absorbed carbon dioxide back to the original source. That can only be done by blockchain. Even blockchain was not ready for this. We had to develop a whole new smart contract that did not exist to link the carbon dioxide from the tree back to the geolocation.

Satellite data is super helpful. We don’t want to fly there every month. We want to have a reliable source of data that can flag everything. So these two technologies are very complementary to each other. It gives the transparency we need in the carbon market.

GEDI, the instrument on the right, seen inside the Dragon capsule of the SpaceX Falcon 9 rocket before launch.

Mongabay: What is the status of blockchain technology at the moment when it comes to environmental applications?

William ten Zijthoff: It’s still in very early stages. It is still not progressing fast enough because it forces you to be transparent, and that’s not in everybody’s benefit.

Mongabay: How do you see these technologies being applied on the ground?

Flávia De Souza Mendes: So far, we have been talking mainly about the carbon market. But there are other things coming up too, like a lot of regulations that require big commodities traders like traders of coffee, soybean, palm oil from everywhere in the world to really have the geolocation of the exact plot where they planted these commodities. This makes you think about how complex all of this is going to be. In the whole supply chain, you have a lot of indirect suppliers. So it’s a mess and it’s almost impossible to track the origin of the products. I think blockchain might come into use in that sense as well.

With really good technology to tag each one of these plots, you can track them right from the farmer registry on the blockchain. For example, it can help with providing location data, deforestation monitoring and verifying compliance. It can, for example, track coffee batches and have the whole supply chain traceability from the farm to retailer recorded on blockchain. With a QR code, for example, you could know more about the coffee that you are drinking or the meat you are eating and know that you’re not contributing to deforestation and support regulations such as the EUDR.

Mongabay: What challenges do you anticipate in the years ahead in the adoption of this technology?

Maximilian Rösgen: When I talk to people, most of them feel it’s way too complex. This could be why adoption is slow.

Flávia De Souza Mendes: Blockchain is very complex. But with the carbon markets, for example, there is a lack of transparency. It is so complex that it’s sometimes even more complicated than if you have everything implemented in a blockchain.

William ten Zijthoff: With regard to the carbon market, what we see is a lack of education. We tell them that we utilize the blockchain technology for transparency, but they don’t really know about it or care about it. We see that the big carbon traders are not ready for it because they will need to integrate into the blockchain.

Also, there are too many certifications. If you can prove where it’s coming from or that the trees are still there or what tree species are there, why do you need somebody else to say they also agree with it? With blockchain, you could potentially verify everything and you don’t need to trust anybody anymore because you can see it. You can have access to everything. You can then verify it with satellite data and geolocations.

Mongabay: How do you think we can overcome those challenges? What does the future look like to you?

William ten Zijthoff: I think this is where we start: with writing papers, doing webinars and educating people. It’s about talking and getting those big guys to understand and adopt it.

Flávia De Souza Mendes: I think bringing more real-life issues and daily problems into blockchain will make people realize how helpful it can be. When you say blockchain, people only think about big banks, financing, gaming and bitcoin. But bringing this technology to real problems will help people. I need to know if the coffee I’m drinking is deforestation-free. I need to know that I’m buying a good carbon credit without needing to pay three companies to validate or certify if it’s really good. Bringing it into real-life cases will help a lot because then people see the advantage of using the technology.

Maximilian Rösgen: Blockchain guys should also develop it in a way that the consumers get it. My analogy is this: You might not get the internet, but you understand the value that you get from the internet. Similarly, what I would like is for everything to be settled on blockchain. But it doesn’t necessarily have to be communicated to the consumer because it’s not important. The only thing important for the consumer to know is what the technology enables and that it is immutable.

Banner image: A tree in the Serengeti grasslands in Tanzania. Image by Hu Chen via Unsplash (Public domain).

Abhishyant Kidangoor is a staff writer at Mongabay. Find him on 𝕏 @AbhishyantPK .

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PhD Interview Questions: The Dos and Don'ts of a PhD Interview
Top 25 PhD Interview Questions and Answers in 2024
PhD Interview Questions + Answers
Top 15 PhD interview questions that you must be ready to answer
Scientific Interview Questions Formulated For You
PhD Interview Questions & Answers

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To ace your Ph.D. program interviews, prepare to answer—and ...
To ace your Ph.D. program interviews, prepare to answer—and ask—these key questions. You've made it to the last step of the Ph.D. application process: the interview. Congratulations! But amid the excitement and butterflies, don't neglect the crucial next step: preparation. Grad school interviews—in which aspiring graduate students meet ...
PhD Interview Questions and Answers (13 Questions + Answers)
Most PhD applications include an interview. This allows your university (and perhaps even your prospective supervisor) to discuss the PhD with you in more detail. This article lists some of the most common PhD interview questions along with their answers. The goal is to help you prepare for a PhD interview and pass with flying colors.
PhD Interview Questions and Answers
Be honest about the things you find challenging, but identify them as training needs and discuss how you expect to improve upon them as part of your PhD. Do answer: I feel that I'm a good written communicator. My existing academic and professional work demonstrates an ability to put forward ideas clearly and concisely.
Common PhD Interview Questions
Common PhD Interview Questions. In this guide, we'll share 11 common PhD interview questions and our suggestions on how to answer them. A PhD interview is an essential step in securing a doctorate position. This is because it enables the prospective supervisor to get to know you better and determine whether you'd be a good fit for the project.
Top 50 PhD Interview Questions and Answers
Research Experience and Background Interview Questions. 1. Tell me about your research experience and background in your field. How to Answer: Start with a brief overview of your academic and research journey, highlighting key milestones, projects, and publications. Emphasize your expertise, the relevance of your work to the PhD program, and ...
The PhD Interview
A formal question and answer session in front of a postgraduate recruitment panel. A presentation, based on your research proposal or area of expertise. A one-to-one discussion with your prospective supervisor. An informal lunch with your prospective supervisor, other members of your interview panel and / or current PhD students.
Top 10 Common PhD Interview Questions and Answers
A Ph.D. interview could range from an informal meeting with a potential adviser to interviewing with a formal panel. However, all Ph.D. interviews will include questions that concern your academic achievements, field of research, motivation for applying and goals. Here are 10 questions you may encounter in a Ph.D. interview with example answers: 1.
Example PhD interview questions and answers
A PhD is a big undertaking and having the right reasons will carry you through the potentially tough times. Example points to include here: A professor during your undergraduate degree that inspired you. A desire to help improve the outcome of patients with a specific disease (relevant to the proposed project) A love for science that you want ...
PhD Interview Questions & Answers
PhD interview questions can be very tricky to answer and this is for a good reason. Studying for a PhD is an amazing academic achievement, as well as serious time commitment, and it's certainly not one for the faint-hearted.Once you've decided to embark on this academic path, your PhD interviewer needs to be sure that you are able to rise to the challenge and are academically capable of ...
How to Prepare for a PhD Interview
Here are some ways to prepare for your interview: Review your research proposal or statement of purpose. The interviewer will likely make reference to it during the interview. Go over the experiences that have prepared you for a PhD and be ready to give specific examples during the interview. Be able to explain the reasons why you applied to ...
Top 10 PhD Interview Questions
Here are ten common PhD interview questions. 1. Tell us about yourself. This is a popular opener for just about any type of interview. It's meant to be an easy icebreaker, but that doesn't mean there isn't a wrong answer. Make sure to your response is relevant to the context of a PhD interview. Talk about your academic background ...
Top Ten PhD Interview Questions and Answers
Top 10 interview questions. The "right" answers to these are personal and depend greatly on what the specific staff members and their department is looking for.Scour the PhD studentship advert, the department's mission statement, vision, aims and objectives and information about current staff research to learn about research priorities, interests, and positions in theoretical debates.
Top 15 PhD interview questions that you must be ready to answer!
Here I included a list of the most difficult PhD interview questions so that you can get yourself ready. But remember, this isn't just about them asking you questions - you can also do so! If you want me the share the best PhD interview questions to ask as a prospective PhD candidate, please do let me know in the comments!.
How to prepare for your PhD interview
I'm Maria, FindAPhD's student ambassador and i'm in my first year at King's College London. PhD interviews can seem scary, so here's some advice to help you ...
Advice for STEM PhD interviews and common questions
This blog post provides examples of some of the most common interview questions, and advice on how to prepare a presentation on either a research project you've done (e.g. during an internship, bachelor's thesis, or a master's programme). I am currently doing a PhD at Oxford in Genomic Medicine and Statistics, and I applied to several ...
"Tell Me About Yourself" PhD Interview Question & Expert Answers
Conclusion. The "tell me about yourself" PhD interview question is nothing to fear, provided you prepare. Once you have your answer, your preparation should also involve mock interviews so that you can become comfortable with the format, time your answer, and make adjustments. You can reach out to PhD admission consultant s to help you ...
How to ace interview weekend for PhD Biomedical Science programs
1. Have a good interview. This goes without saying, but here are some tips for acing the interview: Be confident, but not overly so. You have worked hard on your project, and are excited to embark on a PhD. Let that shine through! Ask follow-up questions when faculty members are discussing their work.
Questions to Ask During Your PhD Interview
As someone applying for PhD positions, you'll no doubt be thinking of and preparing for the interview with your potential supervisor(s). You're absolutely right to be doing this and planning your answers to some of the PhD interview questions that they'll probably ask you; make sure you've read our guide on this to help you prepare.. Remember though that the PhD student-supervisor ...
The Best Questions to Ask During a PhD Interview
6. Will I have the opportunity to publish during my PhD? Publishing is an important part of academic life, but the publishing expectations of graduate students will depend on the field. If you are interviewing in STEM and social sciences, it is more relevant to ask how many first author papers most students publish by the time they graduate.
Introduce yourself in a PhD interview (4 simple steps + examples)
Step 1: State your full name. Example. Step 2: Give a brief overview of your educational (and professional) background. Example. Step 3: Explain why you are interested in the PhD position. Example. Step 4: Thank everyone for the opportunity to be interviewed. Example.
List of Interview Questions for Cell and Mol Bio PhD
1. You have control over your interview. This is huge. It really is a conversation, and you can steer that conversation in whatever way you want. Obviously, don't sidestep a pointed question, but focus on the things you want to talk about. Come in with some things you want to say about yourself, and say them.
Top 134 PhD Interview Questions (A Guide To Success)
So, dive into our curated list and embark on your journey to acing your PhD interview with confidence! Contents [ hide] 1 PhD interview questions. 2 PhD interview questions and answers. 3 PhD interview questions chemistry. 4 PhD interview questions mathematics. 5 PhD interview questions physics. 6 PhD interview questions computer science.
r/PhD on Reddit: [Advice] I just got an interview for my PhD
Engineers apply the knowledge of math & science to design and manufacture maintainable systems used to solve specific problems. AskEngineers is a forum for questions about the technologies, standards, and processes used to design & build these systems, as well as for questions about the engineering profession and its many disciplines.
How did Raygun qualify for the Olympics? Is she really the best
Malik Dixon is an African American who has been living in Australia for more than a decade and is a Sydney University graduate. He said Raygun made a total "mockery" out of breaking at the Olympics.
Loneliness among older adults stems from many factors
Was that because they were socially isolated? Public health researchers have explored this and related issues and discuss their findings; Roger Wong, PhD, is an assistant professor of public health and preventive medicine at Upstate, and Miguel Pica was a student in his advanced biostatistics course.
Helen Zahos thought she was poor until a school social experiment
Growing up, money was a taboo subject — even now being asked these questions, I initially felt quite uncomfortable. My parents came from very humble beginnings: a poor village in Greece where ...
10 Statistics Questions to Ace Your Data Science Interview
And after interviewing for multiple data science positions, I've found that most statistics interview questions followed a similar pattern. In this article, I'm going to list 10 of the most popular statistics questions I've encountered in data science interviews, along with sample answers to these questions.
Online Master of Science in Safety Engineering
The university requires all international graduate students whose native language is not English to fulfill an English proficiency requirement. Verification of English proficiency can be achieved by a Test of English as a Foreign Language (TOEFL) score of at least 550 paper-based, 213 computer-based, 79-80 internet-based or GRE Verbal score of 146.
Top 50 SQL Questions For Data Analyst Interview
SQL interview questions for data analysts often cover a range of topics, from basic querying techniques to advanced data manipulation and performance optimization. These questions are designed to assess a candidate's understanding of SQL concepts, their ability to write and optimize queries, and their problem-solving skills when working with ...
Blockchain as a carbon market fix: Interview with William ten Zijthoff
Environmental science and conservation news. ... Interview with William ten Zijthoff, Flávia De Souza Mendes & Maximilian Rösgen ... That is the question. Abhishyant Kidangoor, Sandy Watt 31 May ...