Typically, an essay has five paragraphs: an introduction, a conclusion, and three body paragraphs. However, there is no set rule about the number of paragraphs in an essay.
The number of paragraphs can vary depending on the type and scope of your essay. An expository or argumentative essay may require more body paragraphs to include all the necessary information, whereas a narrative essay may need fewer.
To enhance the coherence and readability of your essay, it’s important to follow certain rules regarding the structure. Take a look:
1. Arrange your information from the most simple to the most complex bits. You can start the body paragraph off with a general statement and then move on to specifics.
2. Provide the necessary background information at the beginning of your essay to give the reader the context behind your thesis statement.
3. Select topic statements that provide value, more information, or evidence for your thesis statement.
There are also various essay structures , such as the compare and contrast structure, chronological structure, problem method solution structure, and signposting structure that you can follow to create an organized and impactful essay.
An impactful, well-structured essay comes down to three important parts: the introduction, body, and conclusion.
1. The introduction sets the stage for your essay and is typically a paragraph long. It should grab the reader’s attention and give them a clear idea of what your essay will be about.
2. The body is where you dive deeper into your topic and present your arguments and evidence. It usually consists of two paragraphs, but this can vary depending on the type of essay you’re writing.
3. The conclusion brings your essay to a close and is typically one paragraph long. It should summarize the main points of the essay and leave the reader with something to think about.
The length of your paragraphs can vary depending on the type of essay you’re writing. So, make sure you take the time to plan out your essay structure so each section flows smoothly into the next.
When it comes to writing an essay, the introduction is a critical component that sets the tone for the entire piece. A well-crafted introduction not only grabs the reader’s attention but also provides them with a clear understanding of what the essay is all about. An essay editor can help you achieve this, but it’s best to know the brief yourself!
Let’s take a look at how to write an attractive and informative introductory paragraph.
1. Construct an attractive hook
To grab the reader’s attention, an opening statement or hook is crucial. This can be achieved by incorporating a surprising statistic, a shocking fact, or an interesting anecdote into the beginning of your piece.
For example, if you’re writing an essay about water conservation you can begin your essay with, “Clean drinking water, a fundamental human need, remains out of reach for more than one billion people worldwide. It deprives them of a basic human right and jeopardizes their health and wellbeing.”
2. Provide sufficient context or background information
An effective introduction should begin with a brief description or background of your topic. This will help provide context and set the stage for your discussion.
For example, if you’re writing an essay about climate change, you start by describing the current state of the planet and the impact that human activity is having on it.
3. Construct a well-rounded and comprehensive thesis statement
A good introduction should also include the main message or thesis statement of your essay. This is the central argument that you’ll be making throughout the piece. It should be clear, concise, and ideally placed toward the end of the introduction.
By including these elements in your introduction, you’ll be setting yourself up for success in the rest of your essay.
Let’s take a look at an example.
The Wright Brothers’ invention of the airplane in 1903 revolutionized the way humans travel and explore the world. Prior to this invention, transportation relied on trains, boats, and cars, which limited the distance and speed of travel. However, the airplane made air travel a reality, allowing people to reach far-off destinations in mere hours. This breakthrough paved the way for modern-day air travel, transforming the world into a smaller, more connected place. In this essay, we will explore the impact of the Wright Brothers’ invention on modern-day travel, including the growth of the aviation industry, increased accessibility of air travel to the general public, and the economic and cultural benefits of air travel.
You can persuade your readers and make your thesis statement compelling by providing evidence, examples, and logical reasoning. To write a fool-proof and authoritative essay, you need to provide multiple well-structured, substantial arguments.
Let’s take a look at how this can be done:
1. Write a topic sentence for each paragraph
The beginning of each of your body paragraphs should contain the main arguments that you’d like to address. They should provide ground for your thesis statement and make it well-rounded. You can arrange these arguments in several formats depending on the type of essay you’re writing.
2. Provide the supporting information
The next point of your body paragraph should provide supporting information to back up your main argument. Depending on the type of essay, you can elaborate on your main argument with the help of relevant statistics, key information, examples, or even personal anecdotes.
3. Analyze the supporting information
After providing relevant details and supporting information, it is important to analyze it and link it back to your main argument.
End one body paragraph with a smooth transition to the next. There are many ways in which this can be done, but the most common way is to give a gist of your main argument along with the supporting information with transitory words such as “however” “in addition to” “therefore”.
Here’s an example of a body paragraph.
The Wright Brothers’ invention of the airplane revolutionized air travel. They achieved the first-ever successful powered flight with the Wright Flyer in 1903, after years of conducting experiments and studying flight principles. Despite their first flight lasting only 12 seconds, it was a significant milestone that paved the way for modern aviation. The Wright Brothers’ success can be attributed to their systematic approach to problem-solving, which included numerous experiments with gliders, the development of a wind tunnel to test their designs, and meticulous analysis and recording of their results. Their dedication and ingenuity forever changed the way we travel, making modern aviation possible.
A powerful concluding statement separates a good essay from a brilliant one. To create a powerful conclusion, you need to start with a strong foundation.
Let’s take a look at how to construct an impactful concluding statement.
1. Restructure your thesis statement
To conclude your essay effectively, don’t just restate your thesis statement. Instead, use what you’ve learned throughout your essay and modify your thesis statement accordingly. This will help you create a conclusion that ties together all of the arguments you’ve presented.
2. Summarize the main points of your essay
The next point of your conclusion consists of a summary of the main arguments of your essay. It is crucial to effectively summarize the gist of your essay into one, well-structured paragraph.
3. Create a lasting impression with your concluding statement
Conclude your essay by including a key takeaway, or a powerful statement that creates a lasting impression on the reader. This can include the broader implications or consequences of your essay topic.
Here’s an example of a concluding paragraph.
The Wright Brothers’ invention of the airplane forever changed history by paving the way for modern aviation and countless aerospace advancements. Their persistence, innovation, and dedication to problem-solving led to the first successful powered flight in 1903, sparking a revolution in transportation that transformed the world. Today, air travel remains an integral part of our globalized society, highlighting the undeniable impact of the Wright Brothers’ contribution to human civilization.
Most essays are derived from the combination or variation of these four main types of essays . let’s take a closer look at these types.
1. Narrative essay
A narrative essay is a type of writing that involves telling a story, often based on personal experiences. It is a form of creative nonfiction that allows you to use storytelling techniques to convey a message or a theme.
2. Descriptive essay
A descriptive essay aims to provide an immersive experience for the reader by using sensory descriptors. Unlike a narrative essay, which tells a story, a descriptive essay has a narrower scope and focuses on one particular aspect of a story.
3. Argumentative essays
An argumentative essay is a type of essay that aims to persuade the reader to adopt a particular stance based on factual evidence and is one of the most common forms of college essays.
4. Expository essays
An expository essay is a common format used in school and college exams to assess your understanding of a specific topic. The purpose of an expository essay is to present and explore a topic thoroughly without taking any particular stance or expressing personal opinions.
While this article demonstrates what is an essay and describes its types, you may also have other doubts. As experts who provide essay editing and proofreading services , we’re here to help.
Our team has created a list of resources to clarify any doubts about writing essays. Keep reading to write engaging and well-organized essays!
What is the difference between an argumentative and an expository essay, what is the difference between a narrative and a descriptive essay, what is an essay format, what is the meaning of essay, what is the purpose of writing an essay.
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At Sheridan, you are likely to come across four types of essays. Each essay types has different requirements and produces different outcomes. In this section, you will find descriptions of the four essay types: Expository, Argumentative or Persuasive, Reflective, and Descriptive.
The purpose of an expository essay is to inform, describe, or explain a topic. It requires you to help the reader understand a topic through your own insights and ideas. Using information from credible sources, your essay should provide definitions, facts, explanations, and details about the subject. The essay may also include examples, comparison and contrast and analysis of cause and effect.
Many academic and workplace writing assignments are expository. These topics, for example, often require expository type of writing:
The purpose of an argumentative essay is to persuade readers on a certain point of view, opinion, or position on a topic. It requires you to identify key issues, present the common or existing arguments about the issues, evaluate evidence behind these arguments and argue why your position on the topic is more convincing or stronger than the opposing view. The subject you choose for an argumentative or persuasive essay needs to be debatable.
An argument is an evidence-based opinion supported and explained by sound, credible sources. "To argue in writing is to advance knowledge and ideas in a positive way" (Warkentin & Filipovic, 2019, p. 207). A well-thought-out argument is one that considers facts and various opinions, some of which may be opposing to each other, and analyzes strengths and weaknesses in each. An argumentative essay should not present only evidence on the position you are supporting. It is more convincing when the information presented is not biased towards a position.
This type of essay is more personal because you have to consider or "reflect" upon your own experiences and perspectives on the topic you are writing about.
Experiential reflection is commonly assigned in college courses. It involves reflecting on an experience by connecting theory and practice. For example, in an essay about a field placement experience, you may be asked to assess a theory or concept based on your observations and interactions. This type of writing is common in fields such as social work, health care, and business.
Another type of reflective writing involves examining what shapes your perspectives on an issue. The process helps you examine how your thoughts are shaped by your assumptions and environmental factors and may help you understand and appreciate the experiences of other people. Also, you may be challenged to re-examine your preconceived ideas and judgments.
A descriptive essay allows you to describe something, usually an experience, in details so that the reader can get a good impression of it. Similar to the reflective essay, this type of writing is more subjective although information or data from sources may be incorporated to provide more context and support your descriptions. This type of essays tends to be brief. For example, describe an observation in one to two paragraphs.
Let’s face it. At some point in your life, you will be required to write an essay — whether for a school homework, college standardized tests or even for work-related purposes.
There are several basic types of essays to choose from, the most common are expository, narrative, persuasive and analytical. Which one you choose really depends on your objectives. We'll explore each type in depth, and offer recommendations on the typical word counts for each essay type.
An expository essay gives a brief explanation of an issue, idea or theme. Purdue OWL expands on this, offering some common requirements in step form: investigation of an idea, evaluation of evidence, a systematic and detailed explanation of the idea, and a clear and concise statement of an argument about the idea.
Because brevity is required for this type of essay, the recommended length is around 500-800 words.
In order to be effective, an expository essay should possess:
The first paragraph of an expository essay should be the shortest since it only seeks to briefly yet clearly state your thesis, research question, or intent. A maximum of 200 words should suffice.
Now, the succeeding paragraphs will be VERY crucial because they should contain all the necessary details to support your thesis statement. That means they would require a bigger chunk of your word count. But remember to still keep them succinct — no- frills, factual, and straightforward.
Finally, the last paragraph will serve as your conclusion to tie it all together. Emphasize your point but don’t dwell on it too much.
A narrative essay is all about the storytelling of real-life experiences. This essay type usually relays a personal or experiential account and uses a first-person point-of-view. Any story requires a beginning, middle and end — a narrative essay should be structured in the same way.
According to Essay Info a narrative essay possesses the following qualities:
Because descriptive and evocative language is needed for this type of essay, around 1,000 words may be required at the least in order to tell a full-bodied story. Think of a narrative essay as a short version of a novel — each paragraph represents a “chapter” in the story.
Make your essay riveting by adding anecdotes or dialogues into the narrative. Most importantly, end your essay with a conclusion or a personal statement — a takeaway will make your story more memorable to the reader.
A persuasive essay (also referred to as an argumentative essay) makes use of logical reasoning to influence the reader to adopt the writer’s point of view. This essay type works harder compared to other essay types because the writer needs to convince the reader to espouse his position. In order to be eloquent and convincing, a definitive rationale or argument is imperative.
The qualities of a persuasive essay include:
To create a compelling argument, Scribbr advises an essay length of about 2,500 words . Anything under 2,000 words may be construed as “under-explaining” your point. However, your essay should go beyond just meeting the required length. Your writing should still be concise, on-point and progressive. Avoid fluff or fillers because they will only digress from the topic and may discredit your argument altogether.
Scribbr also provides some useful tips on how to structure paragraphs. It is important for paragraphs “to support a single claim or idea that helps establish the overall argument or purpose of the paper.”
To be able to achieve this, having a topic sentence for every paragraph will be helpful. However, the core of a persuasive essay is its ability to provide substantial evidence to support one’s argument. Additionally, the use of transitional devices will make your sentences more coherent and cohesive.
An analytical essay requires the presentation of an argument or claim by breaking down and examining the core components of an issue, idea, or works of art such as films, books, paintings, etc.
Some of its characteristics include:
A literary analysis essay can be from 500-700 words. For as long as it covers all the principal points, it need not be lengthy. However, the bulk of your essay should concentrate on the analysis of the text.
Bucks Community College elaborates on these three principles to help you write an essay that has “tight organization and control.”
Here are some other helpful tips to guide you through writing an analytical essay:
Now that you have a clearer idea of the different types of essays and how to go about each of them, it’s time to start writing one. Make sure to use our word counter to keep it succinct.
Don’t overlook the title and section headers when putting together your next writing assignment. Follow these pointers for keeping your writing organized and effective.
Need a topic for your upcoming argumentative essay? We've got 100 helpful prompts to help you get kickstarted on your next writing assignment.
Your personal statement is arguably the most important part of your college application. Follow these guidelines for an exceptional admissions essay.
For high school or college students, essays are unavoidable – worst of all, the essay types and essay writing topics assigned change throughout your academic career. As soon as you’ve mastered one of the many types of academic papers , you’re on to the next one.
This article by Custom Writing experts provides the tools you need to attack any essay. It describes the five current major types of essays and five additional types! The article includes some thesis statement examples and numerous useful links to resources with sample essay papers. Keep reading and good luck with your assignment!
📑 what are the 5 different types of essays.
The five main essay types are:
An expository essay aims to present opinion-free information on a topic that may be broad or narrow. This essay type is often assigned as an in-class or an exam task. Please find below useful expository writing tips!
“The oil industry is a very large portion of the energy sector, and it has significant impacts on the climate and economy.”
An argumentative essay requires a profound investigation of a topic leading to the collection and evaluation of evidence. Such an in-depth study shall result in an established position on the topic, written down concisely.
As a rule, this type of writing presupposes extensive literature research . Sometimes, argumentative assignments may require empirical investigation through surveys, interviews, or observations. Detailed research ensures a clear understanding of the issue and the different points of view regarding it. Thanks to the preliminary study, you will be able to make an unbiased decision on which opinion to adhere to, and your argumentation will be more persuasive.
An argumentative essay shall follow the strict structure rules:
Expository and argumentative essays abound in similarities and are often mistaken for one another. The principal difference is the amount of preliminary research . Argumentative essays are often assigned as final projects summing up the corpus of information mastered during a course. Expository essays are shorter and less based on research. They are used for in-class unprepared writing.
Persuasive writing is the polar opposite of expository writing. For this style of essay, your opinion should be the focus . A persuasive essay attempts to persuade its reader to have a specific opinion.
“Though the oil industry is an important part of our economy, it has negatively impacted our environment through climate change, smog, and the building of roads.”
There is no more clearly-named essay than the descriptive one. Here, the goal is to describe something : a person, an object, a place, etc. The oil industry theme used to demonstrate an expository thesis statement would not be typical for a descriptive essay. Instead, descriptive writing would far more likely focus on an object associated with the oil industry, such as an oil drum, an oil tanker, or even the liquid oil itself.
The meaning of narrative writing is very similar to a story. It may be moving, emotional, anecdotal, or insightful. You are allowed to write using first-person pronouns, and creativity is appreciated. A narrative essay is subject to all the story rules and shall comprise an introduction, characters, plot, setting, climax, and conclusion. The only case when a narrative assignment does not have to comply with a story outline is a book report. This informative narration is impersonal and unemotional.
A narrative essay is aimed to tell the reader a complete story of personal experiences . A descriptive essay dwells upon a separate object, place, concept, or phenomenon. It does not have a climax or any development of action.
In a cause and effect essay, the text should focus on the impact of some phenomenon or physical thing —in other words, a cause and its effect.
The simplicity of this essay allows you to explore any topic . All you need to do is consider its consequences and write. Again, the oil industry can be the focus of a cause and effect essay thesis statement :
“The oil industry has had a tremendous impact on our world, enabling the automotive industry, contributing to climate change, and generating great wealth.”
In this essay, the goal is simply to respond to or reflect upon a species person, place, thing, event, or phenomenon. You may be required to reflect upon a poem, a military battle, or perhaps even another essay. By its definition, reflective essays should be very subjective. You should use personal pronouns like “I” and “me” in these essays! This type of essay should be very personal. Check out some examples of reflective writing to see this yourself.
For example, this would be a great thesis statement for a reflective essay :
“The oil industry has provided many benefits to society, but I worry deeply about its potential costs to our planet and its species.”
In many ways, analytical writing is the objective cousin of reflective writing. Prior to attempting this style of essay, you should reflect. But you should also conduct research. The reflection is personal, while the analysis is rooted in facts and logic.
Compare the following example thesis statement with the one from the previous type of essay:
“As the oil industry has grown, the levels of greenhouse gases have increased along with temperatures and concentrations of particulate matter in the atmosphere.”
This statement outlines factors that will be analyzed in the body of the essay. It DOES NOT insert personal feelings, personal pronouns, or subjective language. You can even try and use an informative thesis statement generator and then compare the results to see it more clearly.
By staying objective, an analytical essay is much more like a report. In fact, an outline for an analytical paper should be interchangeable with a section of an outline for a much longer research project. But most importantly, any analytical paper should avoid using personal pronouns .
In a compare and contrast essay , you make a comparison of two or more issues . You may look at their similarities, differences, or both. The focus of your analysis should be reflected in your thesis statement. Consider this example:
“While both the oil industry and the solar-power industry will be major sources of energy in the future, oil has more environmental costs than green solar power.”
An exemplification or illustration essay is one of the most flexible essays you might be assigned. In simple terms, this essay is all about picking vivid examples. In other words, you want to make points that exemplify or illustrate your thesis statement.
For an exemplification essay, you should focus on the examples that will make your point without serious effort. In other words, if you are trying too hard, you are missing the point of the essay. Consider the following example thesis statement:
“The oil industry has had serious effects on the environment as demonstrated by the impact of massive oil spill on wildlife, the uncontrolled fires and explosions caused by oil and oil derivatives, and the melting of the polar ice caps caused by climate change.”
In the body of this exemplification essay, the writer should devote a paragraph to each of these arguments. Descriptions of seagulls or penguins coated in oil would be perfect examples of the effect of the oil industry on wildlife. Similarly, descriptions of major oil refinery explosions will also grab the reader’s attention.
Once again, the conclusion should restate the introduction, providing less background, and reminding the reader of the examples one last time.
These tips and tricks are just the basics of essay writing .
When you are writing any assignment, always pay close attention to the instructions . The standard interpretation of any particular essay style is never as important as your teacher’s definition of the assignment. When in doubt, ask questions! No teacher will be upset with you asking for reasonable clarifications. It is better to write the essay your teacher expected, rather than surprise your teacher with a creative effort. And, subsequently, get a poor grade.
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Beauty lasts only a short time. But in the realm of art, in the field of poetry, beauty lasts forever. Sonnet 73 is addressed to a lover who is younger than the speaker. The poem uses three metaphors to depict the speaker’s age and impending death. First, the speaker says that he is autumn, the time of year when the beauty of summer is gone, and the death of winter is about to set in. Then he says that he is the end of the day when only a faint light lingers on the western horizon, and deathly darkness is about to engulf the world. Then he says that he is an almost burned out fire, nearly reduced to ashes. This sonnet doesn’t look to art for consolation, but to love. It concludes by saying, You love me even though you know you’re soon going to lose me, and that makes your love all the greater.
Awesome post as usual! Your posts make me accumulate knowledge about writing various college papers! Thanks a lot for this assistance!
These are amazing tips for compare and contrast essay writing. Will definitely use them when writing my compare and contrast essay. Thanks for sharing them!
Various formats for writing essays – tips and guidelines.
Welcome to the comprehensive guide that will enhance your understanding of various essay writing formats. Crafting a well-structured and organized essay is a crucial skill for students and professionals alike. Different types of essays require adherence to specific formatting guidelines to effectively communicate ideas and arguments.
Whether you are writing a persuasive essay, analytical essay, narrative essay, or any other type, this guide will provide you with valuable insights into the key elements of each format. By mastering the nuances of essay writing formats, you will be able to express your thoughts clearly, logically, and persuasively, captivating your readers and achieving your communication goals.
Through this comprehensive guide, you will learn about the essential components of various essay formats, including thesis statements, introductions, body paragraphs, supporting evidence, and conclusions. By understanding the specific requirements of each format, you can tailor your writing style to meet the expectations of your audience and effectively convey your message.
Understanding the proper essay format is essential for writing effective essays. Whether you are a student or a professional writer, knowing how to structure your essays can greatly impact the clarity and coherence of your writing. In this guide, we will walk you through the essential elements of essay formats and provide tips on how to structure your essays effectively.
By following these guidelines, you can ensure that your essays are well-structured and easy to read. Remember to revise and edit your essays carefully to ensure that they are well-written and coherent.
When it comes to writing an essay, understanding the basic structure is essential. A typical essay consists of three main parts: an introduction, body paragraphs, and a conclusion. Each of these sections serves a specific purpose and contributes to the overall coherence of the essay.
By following this basic structure, you can ensure that your essay is well-organized and easy for readers to follow. Remember to use transitions between paragraphs to help connect your ideas and create a smooth flow of information throughout the essay.
When it comes to writing essays, there are several different formats that you may encounter. Each format has its own unique structure and requirements. Here are some of the most common types of essay formats:
It’s important to understand the requirements of each essay format and tailor your writing style accordingly to effectively convey your ideas and arguments.
When it comes to writing essays, there are several common styles that you may encounter. Understanding the different types of essays can help you determine the best approach for your writing task. Here are some of the most common essay styles that you may come across:
1. Narrative Essays: These essays tell a story or recount an event. They often include personal anecdotes and can be quite engaging for the reader.
2. Descriptive Essays: In a descriptive essay, the writer paints a vivid picture of a person, place, object, or event. These essays appeal to the reader’s senses and emotions.
3. Expository Essays: Expository essays provide information, explain a topic, or analyze a concept. They are typically objective and present facts or opinions in a logical manner.
4. Persuasive Essays: Persuasive essays are meant to convince the reader of a particular point of view or argument. They often use evidence and reasoning to support a specific position.
5. Argumentative Essays: Similar to persuasive essays, argumentative essays present a claim or thesis and support it with evidence and analysis. However, argumentative essays also address counterarguments and refute opposing viewpoints.
By familiarizing yourself with these common essay styles, you can better tailor your writing to meet the requirements of your assignment and effectively communicate your ideas to your audience.
When it comes to essay writing, two common types of essays are argumentative and narrative essays. While they both aim to convey a message or argument, they differ in their purpose and structure.
While argumentative essays rely on facts and evidence to support a specific viewpoint, narrative essays rely on personal experiences and storytelling to draw the reader in. It’s essential to understand the differences between these two essay formats to effectively convey your message and engage your audience.
Introduction : The introduction sets the stage for your essay, providing an overview of the topic and presenting the thesis statement.
Body Paragraphs : The body of the essay presents your arguments and evidence in support of the thesis statement. Each paragraph should focus on a single idea and provide clear evidence to support it.
Transitions : Transitions help to smoothly move from one idea to the next, connecting paragraphs and ensuring the essay flows logically.
Conclusion : The conclusion restates the thesis statement and summarizes the main points of the essay. It may also provide insights or recommendations based on the arguments presented.
Citations : Proper citations are essential in academic writing to give credit to the sources used and avoid plagiarism. Use the appropriate citation style required by your instructor.
Formatting : Pay attention to formatting elements such as font size, margins, spacing, and referencing style. Consistent formatting enhances readability and professionalism of your essay.
When crafting a strong essay, there are several key components that you should consider to ensure that your writing is clear, coherent, and effective. These key components include:
1. A clear and concise thesis statement that presents the main argument or point of your essay.
2. Well-developed paragraphs that support and expand upon your thesis statement with relevant evidence and analysis.
3. Smooth transitions between paragraphs and ideas to guide the reader through your essay and maintain coherence.
4. Proper organization and structure, including an introduction, body paragraphs, and conclusion that effectively communicate your ideas.
5. Attention to detail, including grammar, punctuation, and spelling to ensure that your writing is polished and professional.
By incorporating these key components into your essay writing, you can create a strong and compelling piece that effectively conveys your message to your audience.
When it comes to writing an essay, choosing the right format is crucial for effectively communicating your ideas and arguments. There are several different essay formats to choose from, each with its own unique structure and guidelines. Here are some tips to help you select the best format for your essay:
1. Consider your audience: Think about who will be reading your essay and what format would be most appropriate for them. For example, a formal academic essay might require a more structured format, while a personal essay could be more freeform.
2. Determine your purpose: Consider the purpose of your essay and choose a format that will best suit your goals. If you’re trying to persuade your reader, a persuasive essay format might be most effective. If you’re analyzing a topic, an analytical essay format could be more suitable.
3. Follow guidelines: If you’re writing an essay for a class or publication, make sure to follow any specific guidelines provided. This could include requirements for formatting, citation style, and overall structure.
4. Experiment and revise: Don’t be afraid to experiment with different formats to see what works best for your essay. Once you’ve written a draft, revise and refine your work to ensure that the format enhances your message.
By taking these factors into account, you can choose the right format for your essay and ensure that your ideas are conveyed effectively to your readers.
When selecting an essay style, consider the purpose of your essay. Are you trying to persuade, inform, or analyze? The style you choose should align with your overall goal and message.
Think about your target audience. Are you writing for a scholarly audience, a general audience, or a specific group of readers? The style of your essay should be tailored to resonate with your intended readers.
Consider the requirements of your assignment. Does your instructor specify a particular style or format to follow? Make sure to adhere to any guidelines provided to ensure you meet the expectations of the assignment.
Reflect on your own writing strengths and weaknesses. Are you more comfortable with a formal, structured style, or do you excel in a more creative, narrative format? Choose a style that plays to your strengths as a writer.
Lastly, consider the conventions of the discipline or field you are writing in. Different subjects may have specific expectations for essay styles, so make sure to research and understand the norms of your field.
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There will be many times during your life where you might be asked to write an essay. This can be an intimidating prospect, especially if you are not clear on exactly what an essay is and how it is meant to be written. In this article, we are going to be looking a little more closely at what an essay is and what it’s purpose is as well as looking at the various types of essay. We are also going to be looking at some examples to give us a further understanding on the subject.
In the most simple terms, an essay is a short piece of writing which is set around a specific topic or subject. The piece of writing will give information surrounding the topic but will also display the opinions and thoughts of the author.
Often times, an essay is used in an academic sense by way of examination in order to determine whether a student has understood their studies and as a way of testing their knowledge on a specific subject. An essay is also used in education as a way of encouraging a student to develop their writing skills.
When it comes to writing an essay, there is not simply one type, there are in fact, quite a few types of essay and each of them have their own purpose and function. We are now going to take a look at each of these in a little more detail.
A narrative essay is one which details a story, often times from a particular point of view. When writing a narrative essay, you should include a set of characters, a location, a good plot and a climax to the story.
You will use the plot as a way of detailing events within the story and whilst these are commonly in time order, you may feel free to time hop and include flashes from history or the future.
It is vital that, when writing this type of essay you use fine details to do allow the reader to feel emotion and use their senses but also give the story the chance to make a point. The point of the essay should be mentioned early on, preferably in the opening line, but if not certainly within the introduction paragraph . You should also write this type of essay in either the third or first person and unlike a creative writing story, should always be based around fact. Let’s now take a look at an extract from a narrative essay, this is from A Ticket To The Fair written by David Wallace Foster.
It is press day today at the state fair in Springfield, Illinois and I am meant to be there in the fairground at 9am in order to get my credentials. I think of these as a small card in the band around a hat. I had never been thought of as press until now. But my true interest in the credentials is being able to get onto the rides and into the shows for free. I have come in from the East coast, fresh and ready for one of their magazines. It isn’t clear to me why they have an interest in this state fair but I expect that the editors realise, from time to time that most of the USA live away from the coast and that they will employ someone like me to do a spot of rural reporting. I’m thinking that they had asked me to report this as I grew up here. I had never been to the state fair. In fact I have not been back here for quite some time and I cannot say that I have missed it.
A descriptive essay will describe something in great detail. The subject can be anything from people and places to objects and events but the main point is to go into depth. You might describe the item’s colour, where it came from, what it looks like, smells like, tastes like or how it feels.
It is very important to allow the reader to sense what you are writing about and allow them to feel some sort of emotion whilst reading. That being said, the information should be concise and easy to understand, the use of imagery is widely used in this style of essay. We will now take a look at a passage from a descriptive essay, this one is from The Orchestra Played On written by Joanna Lipman .
The hinge creaks as I open the decrepit case. I am greeted by flowing cascades of horsehair-the bow is a victim of the mites. It is agony when I twist my fingers to the position, but to my surprise and the surprise of my children-who were yet to hear me play- I was still able to make a sound.
An expository essay is used as a way to look into a problem and therefore compare it and explore it. For the expository essay there is a little bit of storytelling involved but this type of essay goes beyond that. The main idea is that it should explain an idea giving information and explanation.
Your expository essay should be simple and easy to understand as well as giving a variety of view points on the subject that is being discussed. Often times this type of essay is used as a way to detail a subject which is usually more difficult for people to understand, in a clear and concise manner. Let’s take a look at this excerpt from How Chinese Mothers Are Superior written by Amy Chua.
I am using the phrase Chinese mom loosely. I know of some Indian. Irish, Jamaican, Ghanaian and Korean parents who fit the bill too. I also know Chinese moms, mostly born in the west that are not Chinese moms. I am also using the phrase parents of the west loosely. These come in many varieties. That being said, even the parents of the west believe that they are strict, they’re not nearly as strict as Chinese moms. For example, my friends from the west who think of themselves as strict, make their kids play instruments for just half an hour each day. For a Chinese mom, the first sixty minutes are the easiest, it’s the second and third hours that are tough.
When writing an argumentative essay , you will be attempting to convince your reader about an opinion or point of view. The idea is to show the reader whether the topic is true or false along with giving your own opinion. It is very important that you use facts and data to back up any claims that made within the essay. We will now look at a passage from the argumentative essay titled The Flight From Conversation written by Sherry Turkle.
We have become used to this new concept being alone, together. Enabled by technology, we can be with each other as well as being somewhere else, we can be connected to anywhere we wish to be. We wish to be able to customise our life. We wish to be able to move in or out of anywhere we are as what we most value is having control over where our attention is focused. We are used to the concept of being, loyal to our own and in a tribe.
Whilst there are four main types of essay, there are some more, less common types. Despite not being within the main four, these types of essay are still important and each serve their own purpose. We are now going to take a look at each of these in a little more detail.
This is a type of essay which is used to define an idea, thing or concept.
This is, as its name would suggest, a simple essay which is made up from five paragraphs and can be written on any subject.
The persuasive essay is one which can be used as a way of convincing the readers of an idea. It might also be used in order to convince the reader not to do a particular thing, or indeed to do it..
This type of essay is used as a way of analysing a piece of rhetoric or a speech and looks at any rhetorical devices which have been used.
As the name of this type of essay might suggest, it is an essay which is used to analyse something. This could be a piece of writing, a movie or anything else. The idea is that the analytical essay will look at what it is analysing from various viewpoints allowing the reader to form their own opinion.
When writing a compare and contrast essay , the author will be using it as a way of creating a comparison between two things or finding a contrast between them. But it is not limited to one or the other, you can also write a compare and contrast essay to do both of these things in one.
This is a type of essay which allows the author to explain the cause of a certain thing as well as being able to explain the effects of it.
When writing a critical essay, the author will be writing about a piece of literature and evaluating it. They will use the good and bad points of the piece in order to do this.
The process essay is a way of outlining or detailing a process. This is done by breaking down the process so that the readers are able to understand it and even perform the process themselves once they have read the essay.
This is a type of essay which is used as a way to synthesis various concepts in order to create a judgement on their good and bad points.
The review essay is one which looks at a piece of literature and gives a review on it based around the good and bad points within it.
The research essay is one which is written based on a research question and aims to give a specific answer to it. The author will research the subject as a way of providing an answer to the question that was posed.
This type of essay is used as way to explain any given piece of written work or literature. They can be written on a variety of types of literature such as poetry, novels or a short story.
ISBN: 978-1-394-19340-0
August 2024
Wiley-Blackwell
A. P. Martinich
Philosophical Writing helps students to think clearly and analytically, improve their essay-writing skills, and present their knowledge and thoughts in a precise and coherent manner. Acclaimed for its accessible, highly practical approach, this bestselling textbook emphasizes what students should do in crafting a philosophical essay, as well as other types of essays that analyze concepts across a variety of disciplines.
Tracing the evolution of a good philosophical essay from the draft stage to completion, the book's eleven chapters are purpose-built to serve the needs of a wide range of students, with levels ranging from elementary to moderately advanced. Philosophical Writing includes numerous essay examples, techniques for outlining and composing, guidance on evaluating philosophical essays, useful appendices, a glossary, a full-featured companion website, and more.
Now in its fifth edition, Philosophical Writing is fully updated with enhanced language and improved explanations throughout. Two entirely new chapters delve into the intricacies of belief networks and explore the properties of sound interpretations, supported by a wealth of new exercises and discussion questions.
Written with clarity and humor by a leading analytic philosopher, Philosophical Writing:
Philosophical Writing: An Introduction, Fifth Edition, remains an ideal textbook for lower- and upper-division courses in philosophy, particularly introductory philosophy classes, as well as courses with significant writing components that cover logic, rhetoric, and analysis.
A. P. MARTINICH is Vaughan Centennial Professor Emeritus in Philosophy at the University of Texas at Austin. He has published extensively on the philosophy of Thomas Hobbes and the philosophy of language. He is the author of A Hobbes Dictionary and Hobbes’s Political Philosophy , and the co-editor of A Companion to Analytic Philosophy and Analytic Philosophy: An Anthology .
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A Guide to Different Types of Onions and Their Uses. When it comes to cooking, few ingredients are as versatile and indispensable as onions. Found in nearly every cuisine around the world, they come in various types. Each with its own distinct flavor and ideal use.
Whether you’re sautéing them for a savory base or enjoying them raw in salads, understanding the nuances of different onion varieties can elevate your culinary creations.
Yellow onions are excellent for long cooking times, while white onions shine in fresh dishes like salsa. Green onions add a fresh garnish to any dish, and sweet varieties like Vidalia or Walla Walla are perfect for milder flavors in salads or on the grill.
Great for crafting a complex French onion soup or adding a finishing touch to your favorite stir-fry. Understanding the unique qualities of each onion type can transform your culinary creations from ordinary to extraordinary.
Cipollini onions, green onions (scallions), pearl onions, spring onions, vidalia onions, walla walla onions, white onions, yellow onions, using onions in your cooking, types of onions and their uses.
By exploring the diverse flavors and uses of onions, you can elevate your cooking to new heights. Experiment with different types—from the robust yellow onion to the sweet Walla Walla—and discover your go-to onion for every dish. Whether you’re a seasoned chef or a novice cook, onions offer endless possibilities in the kitchen, making them a fundamental ingredient in every pantry.
They are small, flat onions with a sweet flavor and delicate flesh. These onions have a higher sugar content, making them perfect for caramelizing, Roasting enhances their natural sugars.
Often used whole due to their small size. They’re ideal for roasting, where their natural sugars caramelize and enhance their sweetness. This variety is also great for pickling or adding to dishes that require a touch of sweetness, such as roasted vegetables or salads.
Their small bulb and delicate flavor make them a great choice for side dishes and garnishes.
Because of their size and sweetness, they are best used within a few weeks. Store in a dry place with good air circulation.
These onions are beloved for their mild, slightly sweet flavor and green tops that are perfect for garnishing salads, soups, stir-fries, and noodle dishes. They add a fresh, crisp bite to any dish.
Green onions, also known as scallions, are immature onions harvested early before they form a large bulb. They have green leaves and a small bulb at the base, both of which are edible. Their mild flavor and delicate onion flavor make them a great addition to a wide variety of dishes.
The green tops are perfect for garnishing soups, salads, and stir-fries. While the white part can be used in cooking for a subtle onion flavor.
They’re also popular in Asian cuisines, where they add flavor and texture to dishes like noodles and dumplings. Their delicate flavor makes them a good choice for recipes that require a raw onion, such as in fresh salsa or salad onions.
Store green onions in the refrigerator, wrapped in a damp paper towel or standing in a glass of water, to keep them fresh and crisp.
A Tiny Powerhouse in the Kitchen
Pearl onions, with their small size and delicate flavor, are a delightful addition to any cook’s repertoire. These miniature onions are often overlooked but pack a punch when it comes to versatility and taste. Their sweet, mild flavor and tender texture make them a favorite for a variety of dishes.
Pearl onions are commonly used in classic dishes like coq au vin and beef bourguignon, where their sweet flavor and small size make them the perfect complement to rich, hearty meats. They’re also wonderful in side dishes, roasted whole with a bit of olive oil, or glazed with sugar for a caramelized finish. For a more modern take, try them in a stir fry with bell peppers or added to salad dressings for a burst of flavor.
These onions are also a popular choice for pickling due to their small, uniform size and the way they absorb flavors. Pickled pearl onions make a great addition to charcuterie boards or martinis, adding a burst of tangy flavor that pairs well with a variety of foods.
One of the few challenges with pearl onions is peeling them. The easiest way to remove their papery skin is to blanch them in boiling water for about a minute, then plunge them into cold water. The skins will slip off easily, revealing the smooth, tender onion inside.
Because of their sweet flavor and small size, pearl onions are a good choice for recipes that require a delicate touch. They hold up well during cooking and can be used whole, adding both visual appeal and a mild onion flavor to dishes.
They are easily recognizable by their purple exterior skin and flesh of red onions with white streaks. They have a milder taste compared to the yellow variety. But a more pronounced flavor than sweet onion varieties. They are perfect for adding color and a distinct onion personality to your dishes.
Red onions are best eating raw, where their color and flavor can stand out. They are a great addition to salads, sandwiches, guacamole, sandwiches, and fresh salsas, adding a sharp taste and crunch. When pickled, they provide a tangy bite that complements many dishes. Red onions can also be roasted or grilled, where they develop a sweeter, more complex flavor.
Store the reds in a dry place with good air circulation. They can be kept for several weeks, making them a good choice for both raw and cooked applications.
Shallots are a member of the allium family, closely related to onions but with their own unique characteristics. They have a delicate flavor that combines the sweetness of onions with a subtle hint of garlic.
Shallots are typically smaller and grow in clusters, unlike onions that form a single bulb. Their skin can vary in color from coppery brown to reddish-purple, and their flesh is usually ivory or light pink.
They are highly valued in cooking for their mild flavor and versatility. They are a great addition to salad dressings, where their subtle taste enhances the overall flavor profile without overpowering other ingredients.
Common uses include French cuisine, such as vinaigrettes and reductions. Their complex flavor makes them ideal for dishes where a delicate onion flavor is desired, such as in pâtés, dressings, and as a seasoning in stir-fries or sauces.
Shallots are particularly well-suited for raw preparations, as their milder taste adds depth without the harshness of raw onions. They can be finely minced and added to salads or used as a wonderful garnish.
When cooked, shallots caramelize beautifully, adding a subtle sweetness to dishes like roasted vegetables, risottos, or soups.
To prepare shallots, start by peeling off the papery skin. They can be sliced, diced, or minced, depending on your recipe. For a milder taste, you can soak them in cold water for a few minutes before using them raw. Shallots can also be sautéed or roasted, where their natural sugars develop a rich, sweet flavor.
Store shallots will last several weeks in a dry place with good air circulation. They should be kept away from direct sunlight and moisture to prevent sprouting and decay. For longer storage, store them in the refrigerator.
Spring onions are similar to green onions and scallions. However, they are harvested at a later stage, giving them a slightly larger bulb. They have a mild flavor and can be used in similar ways to both green and yellow onions.
Spring onions are versatile and can be used both raw and cooked. The green tops are great for garnishing dishes, while the white bulb can be sliced and added to salads, grilled, or used in stir-fries.
Their milder taste makes them perfect for lighter dishes like salads, where they add a gentle onion flavor without overpowering other ingredients.
Store them in the refrigerator, wrapped in a damp paper towel or standing in a glass of water. This will help keep them fresh and crisp.
Grown in Georgia, Vidalia onions are renowned for their exceptionally sweet flavor. They’re great for frying, salads, grilling, roasting with vegetables, and even onion rings.
Known for their extra sugar content and milder taste, these are a great addition to recipes where a sweet flavor is desired without the pungency of regular onions.
They are excellent for raw preparations like salads and salsas, where their sweetness can shine through. They’re also perfect for grilling, sautéing, and even making onion rings.
Their sweet flavor complements dishes like fresh salsa, salads, and light stir-fries. Vidalias are also the go-to onion for caramelizing, as their natural sugars enhance the richness of any dish.
Store them in a cool, dry place. Because they are a sweet onion variety, they have a higher water content and may not last as long as storage onions, so use them within a few weeks of purchase.
These sweet, mild onions are perfect for eating raw in salads or on sandwiches due to their high sugar content and lack of pungency.
They are known for their larger size and sweeter flavor. Originating from Walla Walla, Washington, these onions are low in sulfur, making them less pungent and more suitable for raw preparations.
They are perfect for eating raw in salads, on sandwiches, or as a wonderful garnish. They’re also great for grilling, where their natural sugars caramelize beautifully, adding a rich, sweet taste to dishes like burgers or grilled vegetables. These are also a popular choice for onion rings due to their sweeter flavor.
The Walla Walla variety are best used fresh and do not store as well as other onions. Keep them in a cool, dry place and use them within a few weeks for the best flavor.
They are crisp and clean.
White onions are known for their crisp texture and milder taste compared to the yellow variety. With a papery skin that is white both inside and out, these onions are a staple in Mexican cuisine and other dishes where a clean, sharp flavor is desired.
Thanks to their milder taste and crisp texture, white onions are often used raw in salads, salsas, chutney, stir frying , and as a wonderful garnish for tacos and other Mexican dishes. They’re also an excellent choice for fresh salsa or salad dressings where a more delicate onion flavor is preferred. When cooked, they add a subtle sweetness to dishes without overpowering other ingredients.
Like the yellow variety, store in a dry place. However, due to their higher water content, they may not last as long, so it’s best to use them within a few weeks of purchase.
The All Purpose
Known for their robust flavor and versatility, yellow onions are a kitchen staple. It’s considered the cooking onion. They’re perfect for caramelizing due to their higher sulfur content, which develops a deep, sweet flavor. Best for soups, stews, and sauces.
They are the most common onion variety found in kitchens across the United States. Known for their golden yellow skin and ivory white flesh, they have a high sulfur content, which gives them a sharp taste when raw but develops a sweet flavor during long cooking times.
Their complex flavor makes them a great choice for almost any recipe, whether you’re sautéing, roasting, or using them as a base for soups and stews.
Yellow onions are ideal for dishes that require long cooking times resulting in a rich, sweet flavor. They are the go-to onion for French onion soup, where their ability to caramelize beautifully shines. They’re also perfect for adding depth to stews, sauces, and braises. Additionally, their robust flavor holds up well in dishes like huevos rancheros and stir fry.
Store yellow onions in a dry place with good air circulation. This will keep them fresh for weeks, making them a popular choice among home cooks for their versatility and long shelf life.
Incorporating onions into your recipes can be as simple as sautéing them with olive oil for a flavorful base or using them raw in salads for a crisp bite.
Bon Appetit. All the Types of Onions and What They’re Best For .
Delish. The Best Type Of Onion To Use For Whatever You’re Cooking .
You can find Victoria crocheting, quilting, and creating recipes. She has cooked in restaurants for over 20 years, including many larger parties. In her professional career, she has worked in management in a wide variety of businesses including higher education as a dean of a division. All the while attending college part-time to achieve her doctorate in higher education with an emphasis in e-learning.
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Every construction contract starts with an agreement detailing who should work on the project, how much it will cost, and what the contractor should be responsible for.
These contracts legally bind all the signatories to specific tasks, responsibilities, and monetary compensation under the governing law.
In this article, we’ll cover common types of construction contracts to understand how they can help you, as well as the potential drawbacks of every type of contract.
As the name suggests, a lump sum, fixed fee, or fixed price contract stipulates a fixed amount for the entire project.
Under fixed price contracts, both the contractor and the project owner have a clear view of timelines, scopes, milestones, and financial compensation. It also makes it easier for the property or project owner to compare bids.
Lump sum contracts also incentivize contractors to optimize their spending in order to guarantee maximum profit. They are also perfect for works with clear scopes, such as roofing, landscaping, HVAC installation, etc.
Contractors will cut costs and hire subcontractors.
Sometimes, this backfires because cutting construction costs means opting for lower-quality materials or personnel (and no owner wants to hear this news).
For complex projects spanning months or years, choosing a lump sum contract is a massive gamble with the odds stacked against the contractor.
If you’re a contractor, factors like inflation, recession, price fluctuation, or natural disasters can affect your overhead — and your profit, by extension.
The unit price contract outlines the final cost of every unit of construction.
The base unit could be the price of one facet of the entire project or a fraction of the direct costs of labor or materials.
Unit price contracts are applicable to massive construction works that can be divided into units.
For example, a public housing project can be priced per house, which is the unit of construction.
So if the construction project includes 8 houses, you can get the unit price of just one house.
If the initial estimates are lower than the actual costs for the chosen unit, the entire project will go over the budget, which could lead to cost-cutting with disastrous consequences.
With a time and materials (T&M) contract , the property owner reimburses contractors for hourly labor as well as materials with the agreed-upon markup.
This means that the contractor will get compensated for change orders and delays. As a result, they won’t need to cut costs.
But to prevent contractors from going ballistic with the pricing, the owner can stipulate a not-to-exceed (NTE) clause in the contract.
Contractors can exploit the labor loophole in T&M contracts to increase their billable hours.
To avoid paying more than required, the project owner needs to supervise everything closely, which could create disputes and sour relationships with contractors.
On the flip side, the NTE clause could also hamstring the contractor if the total cost of materials and labor increases during the construction process.
When working with a guaranteed maximum price (GMP) contract, the owner places a cap on the amount they are willing to provide for the project. Anything above the GMP comes out of the contractor’s pocket.
The contractor now has to analyze the scope of work meticulously and go over the pricing (and expected profits) before providing an estimate.
GMP contracts are suitable for public works and massive private construction deals.
One disadvantage of using guaranteed maximum price contracts is that the contractor has to bear the risk of making sure the construction doesn’t go over the initial estimate.
When working with uncooperative owners, contractors might end up in legal disputes in order to get compensation for justifiable cost overruns.
Going by the name, a design-build contract merges the design and building phases into a seamless construction process.
Often, the owner opts for a design-build contract when working with massive, highly reputable contractors that offer both architectural and civil engineering services.
By combining both the design and building phases, the owner can reduce project costs, prevent inter-company disagreements, and increase delivery speed.
The cost of a design-build contract could get higher due to a lack of competition. It also places a lot of power in the contractor’s hands.
Under the cost-plus contract , the “cost” refers to the expenses for material, insurance, administration, licenses, labor, etc.
The “plus” is a predetermined fee, which could be a percentage of the overall cost or a set figure.
A cost-plus contract protects both owners and contractors by making room for change orders and cost spikes. It also contains an NTE clause.
Contractors opt for cost-plus contracts when nailing a pinpoint estimate is impossible. They often use them for works with an undefined project scope, such as post-disaster reconstruction.
The presence of an NTE clause means the contractor would have to pay extra attention to accounting details. They would also have to shave off labor and material costs where possible to maintain the initial profit margin.
When the owner promises monetary compensation to the contractor for finishing the project on time and staying within the budget, this is called an incentive construction contract.
This contract works for time-sensitive projects with a limited budget.
Since the contractor has the incentive to speed up delivery, they’ll put in more effort to choose reliable subcontractors and follow timelines.
The owners can rest assured that the general contractor will complete construction on time — they won’t (shouldn’t) need to resort to cost saving measures for profit.
Even with the incentive, contractors will still explore loopholes to increase profit. So, owners might need to schedule impromptu monitoring to keep them in check.
Both parties need to define and declare the parameters of completion. This often leads to protracted negotiations.
An integrated project delivery (IPD) contract is a tripartite agreement between the owner, builder, and designer under one agreement.
This is a variation of the design-build contract where the designer is a third party.
IPD contracts consolidate the interests, responsibilities, and expertise of all three parties in order to streamline collaboration and guarantee efficient project delivery.
Also, IPD contracts foster accountability since all parties share the risks and rewards fairly.
An agreement between two parties is a contract; add one more party, and it can become an administrative nightmare.
Getting all the stakeholders to agree on a standard operating procedure can be a challenge. This extends to managing risks and sharing rewards.
Also, IPD contracts foster disputes between designers and contractors, especially when they come from disparate construction cultures.
As a contractor, the right contract should guarantee you maximum profit with limited changes and risks. As a project owner, you should look for a contract that will guarantee fast project delivery, limited administrative oversight, and budget-friendliness.
Let’s break down the scenarios for different types of construction contracts discussed earlier:
In some cases, you can combine multiple contracts for different aspects of a massive project.
Provides a fixed fee upfront | Limits flexibility for contractors | |
For jobs with a defined scope | Encourages cost-cutting | |
Rewards fast project delivery | Agreeing on the incentive takes time | |
Splits the entire project into equal units | Mistakes in pricing one unit can affect profits | |
One contractor is in charge of design and construction | Gives the contractor too much control | |
Has a fixed maximum price | Contractors have to monitor costs meticulously | |
The owner, designer, and builder share one contract | Reaching a consensus on design approaches can be a nightmare | |
The owner reimburses the contractor for expenses on labor and material | The NTE clause encourages contractors to cut costs |
For instance, when building a house with 5 rooms, you can use a lump sum contract for the entire project.
But when installing HVAC systems in all 5 rooms, you can bill the labor costs per room under the unit pricing model.
Use a contract management solution dedicated to construction docs. Add clauses to templates to speed up the entire drafting, negotiating, and signing process.
PandaDoc is not a law firm, or a substitute for an attorney or law firm. This page is not intended to and does not provide legal advice. Should you have legal questions on the validity of e-signatures or digital signatures and the enforceability thereof, please consult with an attorney or law firm. Use of PandaDoc services are governed by our Terms of Use and Privacy Policy.
Contracts 8 min
Proposals 8 min
Contracts 6 min
When you set up a Windows PC for the first time, you're required to create a user account that allows you to act as the administrator for that computer. Depending on your Windows edition and network setup, you have a choice of up to four separate account types.
Also: How to upgrade your 'incompatible' Windows 10 PC to Windows 11
The key phrase there is " up to four account types." Your actual choices might be more limited. You might have only two choices, and even then you might need to jump through some hoops to choose anything other than a Microsoft account. To get started, let's talk about your Windows edition.
On business editions of Windows (Pro, Pro for Workstations, Enterprise, and Education), the Windows Setup program asks you to choose whether you want to set the PC up for personal use or for use on a network managed by your organization, as shown below. If you choose the second option, you can set up the PC using an account that your organization set up for you, but you'll need the help of a network administrator to continue.
This choice is only available with Windows Pro, Enterprise, and Education editions
On Windows Home edition, the option to set up for an organization isn't available, and you're limited to only the two personal options: a local account or a Microsoft account. The exact same choices are available if you're running a business edition of Windows and choose the "Set up for personal use" option.
Also: How to install Windows 11 the way you want (and bypass Microsoft's restrictions)
Even that choice isn't easy to exercise, at least not at first. The Setup program is extremely persistent about coaxing you into signing in with a Microsoft account. Current versions of Windows 11, in fact, offer only the option to use a Microsoft account, although you can work around this restriction with some tricks I explain later in this post. You can also install a Microsoft account as the primary account and then add a local account (or remove the connection to the Microsoft account) after you've signed in for the first time.
Let's look at the pros and cons of each account type. Even if your natural instinct is to say no to an account managed by Microsoft, you should consider that option. You might even find that combining two account types is best of all.
This is Microsoft's free online account for personal use, required for signing into the company's consumer services, including OneDrive, Xbox Live, Skype, and Microsoft 365 Family and Personal subscriptions.
Also: Still have a Windows 10 PC? You have 5 options before support ends next year
If you have an email account at Outlook.com or Hotmail.com (or, for old-timers, at live.com or msn.com), you already have a Microsoft account. You can also sign up for a new account anytime, choosing a new address at Outlook.com or Hotmail.com or using your own email address.
Signing in to your Windows PC with a Microsoft account offers several distinct benefits:
One objection I hear regularly to the use of Microsoft accounts involves privacy. However, the amount of data that's tied to a Microsoft account is extremely limited and is mainly associated with subscription services that aren't on unless you choose to use them. What about Windows telemetry data? That's tied to your device and isn't associated with your Windows account. (For more details on how telemetry works, see "Windows 10 telemetry secrets: Where, when, and why Microsoft collects your data." )
Also: The best Windows laptop models right now
The least invasive way to use a Microsoft account is to choose the option to create a new Microsoft account during setup and then use that account exclusively for signing in to Windows while keeping your email, cloud storage, and other services elsewhere. But if you do use a Microsoft account for services such as Microsoft 365 and OneDrive, it makes sense to sign in to Windows using the same account.
A local account is about as old school as Windows gets. You don't need a network connection or an email address; instead, you create a username (up to 20 characters) and a password, both of which are stored on the PC where you create them. Those credentials grant access only to the device on which you created them.
Also: This hidden Windows 11 setting lets you kill unresponsive apps much more quickly
There's no particular security or privacy advantage to signing in with a local account (indeed, the lack of device encryption is a negative, in my book); but if that's your preference, you can do so when you set up Windows on a new PC.
Windows 11 Home requires you to sign in with a Microsoft account during initial setup. Beginning with version 22H2, so does Windows 11 Pro when you choose the option to set it up for personal use. You can work around this restriction by entering the address [email protected] as your Microsoft account. When you're asked for a password, enter anything. Windows will inform you that the account has been locked because of too many incorrect password attempts (you're not the first person to do this, after all), and you'll be given the option to create a local account instead.
Also: The ultimate Windows troubleshooting trick
If you've already created a new Windows account that's associated with a Microsoft account, you can easily convert it to a local account. After signing in for the first time, go to Settings > Accounts > Your Info. Under the Account Settings heading, choose "Sign in with a local account instead" and follow the prompts.
On Windows 10, make sure you're not connected to the internet when you run Setup; then, when you reach the Sign In With Microsoft screen shown here, click the "Continue with limited setup" option in the lower left corner.
That option in the lower left corner allows you to set up a local account on a Windows 10 PC.
After you get past those speed bumps, you can enter your username and password.
With a Microsoft account, you have multiple options to recover if you forget your password. With local accounts, you've historically had no such option if you forget your password. Setting up a local account requires that you fill in answers to three security questions to help you recover in the event you forget your password.
You can't bypass those questions, nor can you choose alternatives other than the six predefined questions. If you're worried that a thief with a search engine can guess those answers, do as I do and ... be creative. For example, you can answer the three security questions with a three-word passphrase of your own, entered one word at a time. Or, if you'd prefer to bypass the whole feature, just mash the keyboard to create random "answers" that no one (including you) could possibly guess. If you choose either option, don't blame me if you forget your password.
Also: 7 password rules to live by in 2024, according to security experts
You can switch at will between a local account and a Microsoft account using options in Settings > Accounts > Your info.
Even if you prefer a local account, consider signing in first with a Microsoft account. After you confirm that your system is properly activated and the activation status and encryption recovery key are saved with that Microsoft account, switch back to a local account and go on about your business.
Likewise, if you're fussy about the name of your default user profile folder, consider signing in with a local account first and then attach your Microsoft account. If you follow that procedure, Windows uses the exact local username you specify as the folder name and retains that name when you switch; if you start with a Microsoft account, your user profile folder name is the first five characters of the portion of your email address to the left of the @ sign.
If your company has an enterprise network with a Windows server running as a domain controller, you can join a Windows 10 or Windows 11 PC to the domain. Creating that type of account requires that a domain administrator create an Active Directory account, after which you can sign in using those credentials in the format domain\username (or username@domain , if the domain is associated with a fully qualified domain name).
Ironically, before you can join a PC to a domain and sign in with your Active Directory account, you have to first create a local account.
This is the newest option in the lineup of Windows account types. Like a domain account, an Entra ID account is managed by an organization's administrator, but it doesn't require a local server. Instead, the credentials are managed in Microsoft's Azure cloud.
(A quick note here: Microsoft announced the change of name from Azure Active Directory to Microsoft Entra ID in July 2023, and as is always the case, it takes a long, long time for the change to ripple through every part of the system, which mean you will see occasional references to Azure AD in documentation and some management tools. The feature set remains the same, regardless of the name.)
Also: Windows security: How to protect your home and small business PCs
If your organization uses Microsoft 365 or has an Office 365 Business or Enterprise subscription, you already have a Microsoft Entra ID/Azure AD account. As with a Microsoft account, you sign in using an email address as your username (in this case, the address is assigned by your organization and managed by their IT staff); this account type gives you the ability to sync settings across devices where you're signed in with the same account. The big difference is that your access to the device is managed by your organization's administrator, who can apply security settings and restrict some options.
To manage Microsoft Entra ID accounts, administrators use the Microsoft Entra admin center , which also includes the option to synchronize the cloud-based directory with a local domain's Active Directory, an option called Microsoft Entra Connect.
Entra ID is the new name for what used to be called Azure AD.
A basic Entra ID account is free, but like all Microsoft enterprise services, upsell options abound. Paying for a premium account (which is included with a Microsoft 365 E3 or E5 subscription) unlocks advanced security features.
Also: Windows 11: Do these six things right away after you finish setup
And you can mix and match account types on the same device for the sake of flexibility. You might want a local account to handle routine administrative tasks, a Microsoft account for personal use, and an Entra ID account for connecting to your organization's servers. To set up additional accounts after the first one, go to Settings > Accounts > Other users and click "Add account." Creating a local account here is relatively easy compared to the initial account setup process.
One final note: By default, the new account will be a Standard user with limited permissions. To make the additional account a local administrator, you'll need to change the account type after creating the account.
This article was originally published on July 23, 2019. It has been updated multiple times since then, and it was last updated on September 2, 2024.
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Published on August 14, 2020 by Jack Caulfield . Revised on July 23, 2023.
An essay outline is a way of planning the structure of your essay before you start writing. It involves writing quick summary sentences or phrases for every point you will cover in each paragraph , giving you a picture of how your argument will unfold.
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Organizing your material, presentation of the outline, examples of essay outlines, other interesting articles, frequently asked questions about essay outlines.
At the stage where you’re writing an essay outline, your ideas are probably still not fully formed. You should know your topic and have already done some preliminary research to find relevant sources , but now you need to shape your ideas into a structured argument.
Look over any information, quotes and ideas you’ve noted down from your research and consider the central point you want to make in the essay—this will be the basis of your thesis statement . Once you have an idea of your overall argument, you can begin to organize your material in a way that serves that argument.
Try to arrange your material into categories related to different aspects of your argument. If you’re writing about a literary text, you might group your ideas into themes; in a history essay, it might be several key trends or turning points from the period you’re discussing.
Three main themes or subjects is a common structure for essays. Depending on the length of the essay, you could split the themes into three body paragraphs, or three longer sections with several paragraphs covering each theme.
As you create the outline, look critically at your categories and points: Are any of them irrelevant or redundant? Make sure every topic you cover is clearly related to your thesis statement.
When you have your material organized into several categories, consider what order they should appear in.
Your essay will always begin and end with an introduction and conclusion , but the organization of the body is up to you.
Consider these questions to order your material:
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Within each paragraph, you’ll discuss a single idea related to your overall topic or argument, using several points of evidence or analysis to do so.
In your outline, you present these points as a few short numbered sentences or phrases.They can be split into sub-points when more detail is needed.
The template below shows how you might structure an outline for a five-paragraph essay.
You can choose whether to write your outline in full sentences or short phrases. Be consistent in your choice; don’t randomly write some points as full sentences and others as short phrases.
Examples of outlines for different types of essays are presented below: an argumentative, expository, and literary analysis essay.
This outline is for a short argumentative essay evaluating the internet’s impact on education. It uses short phrases to summarize each point.
Its body is split into three paragraphs, each presenting arguments about a different aspect of the internet’s effects on education.
This is the outline for an expository essay describing how the invention of the printing press affected life and politics in Europe.
The paragraphs are still summarized in short phrases here, but individual points are described with full sentences.
The literary analysis essay outlined below discusses the role of theater in Jane Austen’s novel Mansfield Park .
The body of the essay is divided into three different themes, each of which is explored through examples from the book.
If you want to know more about AI tools , college essays , or fallacies make sure to check out some of our other articles with explanations and examples or go directly to our tools!
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You will sometimes be asked to hand in an essay outline before you start writing your essay . Your supervisor wants to see that you have a clear idea of your structure so that writing will go smoothly.
Even when you do not have to hand it in, writing an essay outline is an important part of the writing process . It’s a good idea to write one (as informally as you like) to clarify your structure for yourself whenever you are working on an essay.
If you have to hand in your essay outline , you may be given specific guidelines stating whether you have to use full sentences. If you’re not sure, ask your supervisor.
When writing an essay outline for yourself, the choice is yours. Some students find it helpful to write out their ideas in full sentences, while others prefer to summarize them in short phrases.
You should try to follow your outline as you write your essay . However, if your ideas change or it becomes clear that your structure could be better, it’s okay to depart from your essay outline . Just make sure you know why you’re doing so.
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Caulfield, J. (2023, July 23). How to Write an Essay Outline | Guidelines & Examples. Scribbr. Retrieved September 2, 2024, from https://www.scribbr.com/academic-essay/essay-outline/
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VENICE BEACH, LOS ANGELES (KABC) -- In Venice Beach, pumping iron - and showing off the results - is a tradition that dates well back to before even Arnold Schwarzenegger made his fame there as a bodybuilder.
The Muscle Beach Championship returned to Venice for Labor Day, where competitors of all ages and different body types displayed stunning physiques.
There were categories for older competitors, vintage swimsuits, couples and, for the first time, one for transgender bodybuilders.
"I couldn't fit in with men, so that was a no-go and we didn't want to negate all the hard work the cis women put into their bodies, especially in bodybuilding and the sport itself, so we figured that trans would be a great new category," said transgender competitor Pharose King.
For the past 24 years, Joe Wheatley has been the promoter behind this competition, and it keeps growing.
And the price of admission couldn't be better, he notes.
"All I ask you to do is clap," Wheatley says. "That's all I want you to do. That's the price of admission - clapping!"
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